Gettysburg College

About: Gettysburg College is a education organization based out in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Politics. The organization has 1223 authors who have published 2348 publications receiving 52162 citations. The organization is also known as: Pennsylvania College.

The Decline of Traditional Christian Beliefs in Germany

Abstract: This is a report of two national surveys carried out in Germany, one in 1967, the other in 1992, showing the extent of change in religions beliefs and attitudes over a twenty-five year period in both East and West Germany and among Catholics and Protestants. It was revealed that there was a considerable decline in traditional Christian beliefs - especially regarding Christ as the son of God, the infallibility of the Pope, the virgin birth, supernatural miracles, belief in the Bible as the word of God - and in regular church attendance. Greater support was expressed for the wedding of divorced persons, abolition of celibacy, and the permission of priests to marry

Friendship and online filtering: The use of social media to construct offline social networks:

Abstract: This article explores technologically integrated relationship practices among college students. Analyzing interviews of 52 participants at two very different US colleges, I explore how they constru...

Measurement of Fokker-Planck diffusion with laser-induced fluorescence.

Abstract: Laser-induced fluorescence in plasmas is shown to be strongly influenced by velocity-space diffusion, under the proper conditions. The induced fluorescence is modeled by a set of coupled rate equations that include the Fokker-Planck operator for each state density, and the results are compared with data from a gas-discharge plasma in which the ArII $({3d}^{\ensuremath{'}}{)}^{2}{G}_{9/2}$ metastable state is optically pumped. The Fokker-Planck diffusion coefficient $D$ is determined and found to be in agreement with theory.

Collective gradient sensing in fish schools

Abstract: Throughout the animal kingdom, animals frequently benefit from living in groups. Models of collective behaviour show that simple local interactions are sufficient to generate group morphologies found in nature (swarms, flocks and mills). However, individuals also interact with the complex noisy environment in which they live. In this work, we experimentally investigate the group performance in navigating a noisy light gradient of two unrelated freshwater species: golden shiners (Notemigonus crysoleucas) and rummy nose tetra (Hemigrammus bleheri). We find that tetras outperform shiners due to their innate individual ability to sense the environmental gradient. Using numerical simulations, we examine how group performance depends on the relative weight of social and environmental information. Our results highlight the importance of balancing of social and environmental information to promote optimal group morphologies and performance.

Contrasting Existence and Robustness of REM/Non-REM Cycling in Physiologically Based Models of REM Sleep Regulatory Networks ∗

Abstract: Typical human sleep throughout the night consists of alternating periods of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and non-REM (NREM) sleep. This ultradian rhythm of NREM/REM cycling is thought to be produced by the state-dependent activity of “REM-on” and “REM-off” brainstem and hypothalamic neuronal populations that, respectively, promote or suppress REM sleep. Synaptic interactions among these populations define REM sleep regulatory networks; however, the identity of the key neuronal populations in these networks and the dynamics of interactions among them are disputed and cannot be addressed comprehensively with current experimental techniques. The purpose of this study is to use physiologically based mathematical models to explore the dynamic implications associated with competing hypotheses for network-based REM sleep regulation. Generally, putative REM sleep regulatory networks fall into two categories: a reciprocal interaction network consisting of an excitatory REM-on population interacting with an inhib...