Gettysburg College

About: Gettysburg College is a education organization based out in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Politics. The organization has 1223 authors who have published 2348 publications receiving 52162 citations. The organization is also known as: Pennsylvania College.

Effects of neonatal handling and maternal separation on rough-and-tumble play in the rat.

Abstract: The extent to which brief daily handling and longer periods of separation from the mother during the first 2 weeks of life can affect play behavior in juvenile rats was assessed. Rat pups were separated from the mother for either 15 min daily (handling) or for 3 hr daily (maternal separation), and play was observed as juveniles. Overall levels of playfulness were not affected by either manipulation, although certain aspects of playful responsiveness were affected in males, but not females. In particular, the pattern of responsiveness to playful contacts was feminized in both handled and separated male rats. Activity in a novel open field at 15 days of age was increased in both males and females from the separated group, but not in the handled animals, as were the number of rears exhibited during the play bouts. These data suggest that early rearing experiences can have subtle gender-dependent effects on some aspects of play in juvenile rats and that the underlying mechanism(s) responsible for these effects may differ from those associated with other effects reported for handling and maternal separation.

Contesting and Maintaining Hegemonic Masculinities: Gay Asian American Men in Mate Selection

Abstract: Masculinity is a prized commodity in mate selection among gay men. However, few studies systematically examine how gay Asian American men interpret their form of masculinity in the context of mate selection. Using data from in-depth interviews with 37 Asian Americans, I study how they interpret and negotiate their form of masculinity within a racialized gender hierarchy. The results show gay Asian American men maintain the hegemonic masculinity frame in the negotiation of their desirability and desires. Concurrently, they also attempt to reframe their masculinity to contest the subordination of their form of masculinity. Ironically, their alternate frame still maintains a gendered hierarchy whereby masculinity is still preferred over femininity, even as it contests the racialized hegemonic masculinity frame.

Fear, risk assessment, and playfulness in the juvenile rat.

Abstract: The effects of predatory odors on play were assessed in juvenile rats. When rats were exposed directly to a collar previously worn by a cat, play was abolished and remained suppressed for up to 6 days. Providing rats with an opportunity to hide did not alter cat odor's ability to reduce their play. Rat play was also suppressed shortly after they were exposed to cat odor in their home cage, and a substantial amount of risk assessment behavior was present up to 24 hr later. Trimethylthiazoline, a component found in fox feces, only reduced play during exposure. These data suggest that predatory odor-induced reductions in play may provide a useful model for gaining insight into the consequences of fear and anxiety in young animals.