Showing papers by "Jean Moulin University Lyon 3 published in 2014"

Defining Engagement and Characterizing Engaged-Behaviors in Digital Gaming

Abstract: Background. Although the analysis of engagement is crucial for digital entertainment or learning games, the concept of players' or learners' engagement is still confusing. Indeed, in digital games research, several concepts referring to the idea of engagement such as immersion, involvement, presence, and flow are used. Also, while the characterization of engaged-behaviors may be useful for designers or teachers in assessing players' or learners' engagement, the nature and the scope of these behaviors are still unclear. Aim. In this article, based on a multidisciplinary state of the art on the concept of engagement, we define and delineate the concepts related to digital gaming engagement. Results. We characterize engaged-behaviors by identifying four types of engagement: environmental, social, self, and action. We thus refine, disambiguate, and characterize the concepts of engagement and engaged-behaviors. This work therefore constitutes an effective support for analyzing, designing, assessing, and personalizing engaging activities in digital games.

A trace-based approach to identifying users' engagement and qualifying their engaged-behaviours in interactive systems: application to a social game

Abstract: Analysing and monitoring users' engaged-behaviours continuously and under ecologically valid conditions can reveal valuable information for designers and practitioners, allowing them to analyse, design and monitor the interactive mediated activity, and then to adapt and personalise it. An interactive mediated activity is a human activity supported by digital interactive technologies. While classical metric methods fall within quantitative approaches, this paper proposes a qualitative approach to identifying users' engagement and qualifying their engaged-behaviours from their traces of interaction. Traces of interaction represent the users' activities with an interactive environment. The basis of our approach is to transform low-level traces of interaction into meaningful information represented in higher-level traces. For this, our approach combines three theoretical frameworks: the Self-Determination Theory, the Activity Theory and the Trace Theory. Our approach has been implemented and tested in the context of the QUEJANT Projet. QUEJANT targets the development of a system allowing the actors of Social Gaming to analyse players' engagement from an analysis of their activity traces. In order to demonstrate the feasibility of our approach, we implemented the whole process in a prototype and applied it to 12 players' interaction data collected over four months. Based on these interaction data, we were able to identify engaged and non-engaged users and to qualify their types of engaged-behaviours. We also conducted a user study based on a validation of our results by experts. The high prediction rate obtained confirms the performance of our approach. We finally discuss the limitations of our approach, the potential fields of application and the implications for digital behavioural interventions.

Toward an Adaptive Gamification System for Learning Environments

Abstract: In a learning situation, gamification is a way to motivate learners and enhance their participation to learning activities by adding game elements. But it still pays little attention to the individual differences among learners’ preferences as players. This paper presents a generic and adaptive gamification system that can be plugged on various learning environments. The game elements can be automatically adapted, based on an analysis of the interaction traces. The architecture of the proposed system is based on the separation between the control of the pedagogical elements and the control of the game elements. To support the adaptivity of the game elements, we refer to a user model based on a list of player types. The user model is initialized thanks to the traces of interactions, and finally used to predict which game feature will be relevant for the user.

Action research and intervention research in the French landscape of organizational research: The case of ISEOR

Abstract: Purpose– This paper aims to present a concise history of the main action research (AR) contribution in France. The authors discuss the role of AR in the organizational research field in general and compare it with intervention research (IR) and presented Institute of Socio-Economy of Enterprises and Organizations’s specific contributions and its presence on the international stage through review publications and wider works.Design/methodology/approach– A narrative approach was used to analyze this history.Findings– AR is considered as a research family. The authors define and compare AR with other qualitative methods. They analyze AR and IR principles, which include interaction with practitioners, negotiation with them, focusing in the third part on the case of ISEOR research team.Social implications– AR and IR permit to bridge the gap between researchers and practitioners, to develop useful research. At the same time, they permit to develop new researchers' competencies and to fund research, in a context of reduced public research funds.Originality/value– This article permits to understand the reality of what is and how to develop an IR, and the difficulties for researchers to insert them in the academic community, although France seems to be more permissive than others’ contexts. It permits also to better know the French IR and AR research in management.

DDART, a Dynamic Dashboard for Collection, Analysis and Visualization of Activity and Reporting Traces

Abstract: Most Learning Management Systems (LMS) focus on providing rich learning materials to the learners but rarely offer possibilities to monitor and analyze their learning processes. However metacognitive strategies argue that learners can improve their learning performances by monitoring their activities, especially in the context of Project-Based Learning (PBL). Our work consists in designing tools to support metacognitive strategies. In this paper, a framework and a dynamic dashboard for PBL situations are proposed to help learners to collect, analyze and visualize the meaningful traces of their activities by them-selves. The proposed framework integrates activity traces (interactions with the LMS) and reporting traces (semi-structured sentences written by the learners). The dynamic dashboard supports learners in the creation customizable indicators through a user-friendly interface.

A Phenomenological Approach to Water in the City: Towards a Policy of Letting Water Appear:

Abstract: Ivan Illich and Jamie Linton have both argued that our current technological relation to water constitutes an abstraction. Developing this insight in the context of phenomenology, I draw on Michel Haar�s French translation of Gestell�the essence of technology, according to Heidegger�as �consommation� (consumption), to put forward a criticism of the abstract status of water in postindustrial, consumer societies. I propose in its place a concrete, phenomenological approach, according to which a policy of �letting water appear� can not only play a significant role in the unconcealment of poie-sis�Heidegger�s response to the question concerning technology�but also form the basis of a renewed urban water policy. Four key examples of letting water appear are examined: daylighting urban rivers and streams; harvesting local rain and ground water; treating wastewater on-site using �living machines�; and attuning demand to local water flows. I conclude by suggesting that urban water policy cannot be reduced to integrated water resource management, for the transition to sustainability also requires a fuller understanding of the phenomenological issue of �letting appear� (poie-sis).

Transforming hospital management à la francaise

Abstract: Purpose – The perpose of this paper is to analyse recent changes in the management of French public hospitals, following a reform enacted in 2009 and aimed at bolstering the managerial roles of doctors. Design/methodology/approach – The paper is exploratory and is based on both the analysis of French literature dealing with the results of the 2009 reform, and ten semi-directed interviews with clinical managers and top leaders in the public hospital sector. Findings – The author reports on the major hospital management reforms of 2009 and analyse the implications for the medical profession and management. The author shows that the involvement of the classical clinical leaders has become less regulated as the units no longer have a clear legal basis. The governance of the newly introduced “medical poles” appears to be shaped by various factors: there is high correlation between centrality, prestige and “clan involvement”, which suggests that professionals holding new responsibilities obtain power and legiti...

How has the French context shaped the organization of the Airbus Group

Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine whether characteristics of French organizations can be found in the Airbus Group, ancient European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company (EADS) Group, and how these characteristics have evolved over time in comparison to German ones. Design/methodology/approach – This article presents an in-depth case study by using a contextual approach, considering influential factors which are likely to influence the evolution of organizations. Findings – The analysis shows that the Airbus Group reflects characteristics of French organizations: the importance of strategy, the principle of honour, centralization of decision and power, the role of the state in the capital and its influence via professional networks of its elite coming from the Grandes Ecoles. These findings confirm a relative continuity of national peculiarities over time. The recent evolution of the company also highlights the German influence, notably in terms of shares and management positions. Research...

A Framework to Adapt Gamification in Learning Environments

Abstract: Many learning environments are quickly deserted by the learners, even if they are efficient. Gamification appears as a recent game-based learning approach to enhance the learners' motivation. The difficulty with this approach is that people have various expectations from games, and react differently face to specific game mechanics. In order to adapt the game mechanics of the developed game elements, we propose a player model complementary to existing learner models. This model aims to predict to which game mechanics the user is responsive, and is used to adapt the gamified features of the system.

Managing Intellectual Capital in Knowledge Economy

Abstract: Strategic Knowledge Management considers Intellectual Capital (IC) as roots of all organizations activities. The success of organizations strongly depends on the way they manage all facets of knowledge and skills. Artificial Intelligence brought some methods and techniques for handling intellectual assets of companies, expertise management, knowledge transfer and training. This paper presents an overview of experiences and research in applying artificial intelligence approaches and techniques for intellectual capital management and gives some perspectives for the future.

Les pôles de compétitivité : morphologies et performances

Abstract: Cet article se propose d’avancer une explication aux resultats contrastes des evaluations des poles de competitivite francais, en montrant la realite proteiforme des poles tant dans leurs caracteristiques structurelles que dans leurs performances. En appliquant des techniques d’analyse de donnees aux informations fournies dans les tableaux de bord des poles, nous faisons emerger une typologie originale des poles de competitivite francais. Nous avancons alors que la morphologie des poles influence leurs performances, appelant par la meme a la reconnaissance d’objectifs distincts, de criteres de performance adaptes et finalement a une gestion plus differenciee du pilotage public de ces meta-organisations.

Motivation for Learning

Abstract: Many learning environments are deserted by the learners, even if they are effective in supporting learning Gamification is a becoming popular way to motivate user participation on web based activities, by adding game elements in their environment, but it still pays few attention to the individual differences among learners’ motivations This paper presents a gamification system designed to be plugged on various learning environments This system can be automatically personalised, based on an analysis of the interaction traces In the first place, we describe the architecture supporting the genericity of the game elements In the second place, we describe the user model supporting the adaptivity of the game elements

Les clusters régionaux comme forme de gouvernance territoriale : l’étude du « cercle vertueux » IDE – spillovers technologiques – pouvoirs publics en Pologne

Abstract: Ce papier analyse une forme de gouvernance territoriale liee aux clusters, fondee sur l’interaction entre les IDE, les spillovers technologiques et l’action des pouvoirs publics en Pologne. Nos resultats montrent que l’importance economique du territoire constitue un des facteurs majeurs qui determinent les choix des investisseurs etrangers. Par ailleurs, les IDE sont sensibles a la presence d’entites scientifiques dans les clusters et aux efforts des autorites.

Tumeurs germinales du testiculeet expositions précoces aux pesticides: étude pilote TESTEPERA

Abstract: Resume Position du probleme Les tumeurs germinales du testicule (TGCT) sont le principal cancer de l’homme jeune. Des facteurs environnementaux survenant au cours des periodes prenatales sont suspectes, mais tres peu d’etudes ont ete conduites. Methodes TESTEPERA est une etude pilote cas-temoins visant a evaluer differentes approches pour le recrutement des sujets en France ainsi que notre capacite a recueillir les donnees necessaires pour evaluer leurs expositions prenatales. Resultats Entre 2011et 2012, 150hommes ont ete contactes en Rhone-Alpes (58cas dans un centre de lutte contre le cancer et 92temoins dans une maternite regionale). Les taux d’acceptation des cas variaient de 33% pour ceux diagnostiques en 2008a 68% pour ceux diagnostiques en 2010. Le taux d’acceptation des temoins etait de 13% pour ceux rencontres physiquement, 0% pour ceux contactes par telephone uniquement, et 50% pour ceux rencontres physiquement et relances par telephone. Les donnees recueillies ont permis l’identification des metiers exerces. Quatre-vingt-deux pour cent des adresses etaient geolocalisees precisement. La precision dependait du niveau d’urbanisation ( p p =0,52). Conclusion Nos resultats confirment la faisabilite d’une etude cas-temoins etudiant la relation entre les TGCT et l’exposition environnementale precoce ou tardive aux pesticides.

The Achievement of a Decentralized Water Management Through Stakeholder Participation: An Example from the Drôme River Catchment Area in France (1981–2008)

Abstract: Different water Acts (e.g., the European Water Framework Directive) and stakeholders involved in aquatic affairs have promoted integrated river basin management (IRBM) over recent decades. However, few studies have provided feedback on these policies. The aim of the current article is to fill this gap by exploring how local newspapers reflect the implementation of a broad public participation within a catchment of France known for its innovation with regard to this domain. The media coverage of a water management strategy in the Drome watershed from 1981 to 2008 was investigated using a content analysis and a geographic information system (GIS). We sought to determine what public participation and decentralized decision-making can be in practice. The results showed that this policy was integrated because of its social perspective, the high number of involved stakeholders, the willingness to handle water issues, and the local scale suitable for participation. We emphasized the prominence of the watershed scale guaranteed by the local water authority. This area was also characterized by compromise, arrangements, and power dynamics on a fine scale. We examined the most politically engaged writings regarding water management, which topics each group emphasized, and how the groups agreed and disagreed on issues based on their values and context. The temporal pattern of participation implementation was progressive but worked by fits and starts.

Répondre aux enjeux des cancers rares. Approche géographique de la cohorte EMS des sarcomes en région Rhône-Alpes

Abstract: Resume Les problematiques autour des cancers rares ont encore ete peu explorees par la recherche, du fait de leur faible incidence. C’est pourquoi les etudes epidemiologiques peinent a identifier des facteurs de risque etiologiques indiscutables. Alors que la prise en charge de ces cancers requiert une expertise certaine, concentree generalement dans certains etablissements, le parcours de soins des patients, compte tenu du potentiel eloignement de ces ressources therapeutiques, reste aussi peu etudie. L’analyse geographique d’une cohorte regionale exhaustive de sarcomes diagnostiques en 2006 et 2007 doit permettre d’avancer dans ces differents questionnements. Les tumeurs stromales gastro-intestinales (GIST) surviennent plus frequemment dans des territoires aises, au contraire des liposarcomes davantage presents dans les communes defavorisees. Cette association entre liposarcomes et defavorisation des communes est significative ( p = 0,05). De plus, la presence d’une biopsie preoperatoire ainsi que certaines caracteristiques cliniques du patient, comme l’âge, le grade ou la localisation tumorale, sont associees a une augmentation de la distance parcourue par les patients pour leur premiere ligne de traitement ( p ≤ 0,001). L’approche geographique, dans le cadre d’une collaboration interdisciplinaire, permet de developper certaines hypotheses pour la recherche sur les cancers rares, qui necessitent d’etre testees par d’autres etudes a une echelle plus importante.

Understanding Technology Adoption from the “Multiple Cultures Perspective”: The Case of a Successful Post-Implementation Recovery

Abstract: Le but de cet article est d’explorer la pertinence de “la perspective de cultures multiples” dans le contexte de l’adoption d’une technologie. Les partisans de ce point de vue soutiennent que les personnes sont empreintes de valeurs diverses et parfois contradictoires, parmi lesquelles certaines seront plus saillantes que d’autres dans un contexte donne. Nous montrons comment l’evolution des valeurs saillantes de certains utilisateurs finaux a permis de sauver de l’echec un projet ERP chez un equipementier automobile francais. Nos resultats montrent comment une vision moins deterministe de la resistance culturelle a l’egard des ERP peut aider les differents acteurs a atteindre leurs objectifs.

Quels indicateurs operationnels pour l'etude de la resilience d'un territoire: reflexions a partir de l'etude des systemes agropastoraux du kirghizistan

Abstract: Le Kirghizistan est un pays de montagne ou les activites agricoles et d’elevage constituent le pilier de la vie economique et sociale. Apres plus de 70 ans d’une gestion des pâturages marquee par l’Union Sovietique, un nouveau mode de gestion par les usagers a l’echelle du village a ete adopte. Nous traitons de l’operationnalite et de la pertinence du concept de resilience territoriale pour l’evaluation de l’impact de ce mode gestion. Des indicateurs qualitatifs des relations entre societe, environnement et territoire et des relations entre les entites spatiales, sont definis. Leur mesure se fait par comparaison diachronique entre les dernieres annees du precedent systeme et 2014. Cette recherche est basee sur trois etudes de cas dans la province de Narin.

Towards a critical study of standardization: Corporate social responsibility, discourse and management practices

Abstract: Purpose – This paper aims to highlight the links among standardization, corporate social responsibility (CSR) and critical management. It also aims at understanding the implication of the normalization process for CSR but also questions the nature of this concept. Design/methodology/approach – To determine the interest in standardization, we forecasted the trend in issuing ISO certificates based on autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) and Holt statistical models. Then a critical approach is used to understand the nature of CSR. Findings – The paper focuses on a critical approach and challenge the definition of CSR through the lenses of standardization. It shows that the notion of CSR is polysemic and highlights the limits of standardization process. Research limitations/implications – The research is only based on ISO standards, not other kind of standardization process. Social implications – The paper questions the notion of CSR and shows the different elements that this notion covers. Origin...

Lake Alaotra (Madagascar) is not about to disappear.

Abstract: Lake Alaotra is the largest lake in Madagascar (456 km2). It is surrounded by marshland and irrigated perimeters of great economic value forming the “main rice granary” of the country. The basin also has an heritage and ecological value as a wetland protected by the Ramsar Convention (1971) and is home to a number of threatened endemic species. In reality the “lake” is just a vast shallow pool that seems doomed to silt up as the surrounding basin is affected by very strong erosion, the marks of which can be seen in the landscape («lavaka» or «tevana»). If Lake Alaotra is a transitional form destined to disappear, the question remains of how fast this will happen. In spite of repeated cries of alarm in the Malagasy media and also a few scientific affirmations, the silting up of the lake is not obvious. In a first approach, a critical analysis of arguments backing the hypothesis of rapid sedimentation in the lake is addressed. Subsequently, new data collected highlight the processes that effectively limit sedimentation, ranked from upstream to downstream these are: sand deposits by the overflows into the lacustrine plain, buffering by the aquatic vegetation in the marshes, resuspension of fine particles by wind and waves and their discharge related to currents and a probable subsidence. Significant sedimentation in the lake itself has not been shown, quite the opposite. Finally, local planning options are discussed. Priority must be given to improved land management in the catchment which affects both the large rice perimeters and the lake itself.

Measuring Territorial Vulnerability? An Attempt of Qualification and Quantification

Abstract: Risk management traditionally addresses the control of hazards. However, this field of research is now more focused on reducing territorial vulnerability. This requires prior accurate knowledge of this territorial vulnerability. The present work, applicable to any location, proposes a GIS-based methodology for vulnerability assessment using the greater Lyon, France, as a model. The study is based on a spatial decision-making method that awards priority to vulnerability using expert judgments. Vulnerability is defined as the combination of the sensitivity of assets facing hazards and their strategic importance in the functioning of a city. This approach can be applied to multiple layers of hazards for a specific envisioned risk.

Is the French sociology of organisations specifically French

Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to study the contribution of French sociology of organisations (mainly represented by M. Crozier, E. Friedberg and J.D. Reynaud) to the knowledge of organisations in the French context, specially through the “bureaucratic phenomenon”. Design/methodology/approach – The author shows that the work has provided a relevant picture of some of the main characteristics of a “French way of organising”, but shows in a second part that French specificities are only a part of the authors’ scientific project, and discusses some of the reasons why it did not get a large international recognition in the English-speaking literature. Findings – The article provides a summary of the analysis and a discussion of its relevance to the French context today. It opens a reflection about the question as to whether a sociological school based on field studies can be used outside of its original context of conception. Research limitations/implications – The author does not have the ambition of...

Managing Intellectual Capital in Knowledge Economy.

Abstract: Strategic Knowledge Management considers Intellectual Capital (IC) as roots of all organizations activities. The success of organizations strongly depends on the way they manage all facets of knowledge and skills. Artificial Intelligence brought some methods and techniques for handling intellectual assets of companies, expertise management, knowledge transfer and training. This paper presents an overview of experiences and research in applying artificial intelligence approaches and techniques for intellectual capital management and gives some perspectives for the future.

Evaluating Environmental Risk to Technological Hazards, Using GIS Spatial Decision Making

Abstract: This study proposes a methodology allowing a better spatial decision making concerning the technological risks in the Greater Lyon (France). This methodology consists in three steps. Firstly, it is needed to assess the territorial vulnerability of the area, based on semi-structured interviews with experts. Secondly, it is necessary to map the exposed areas to a potential accident concerning the storage and the transport of hazardous materials. Finally, these two variables are combined to produce an environmental risk mapping. One of the main goals of this proceeding is to convert heterogeneous spatial data of assets into a mesh form thanks to a grid that homogenize the shape of the environmental stakes according to their sensibility and exposure to thermal, toxic and overpressure effects. These maps can therefore be considered as preliminary documents for the mediation of industrials, local authorities officers and territorial engineers.

La représentation des travailleurs à l’épreuve de l’article 27 de la Charte des droits fondamentaux de l’Union : précisions sur l’invocabilité horizontale du droit de l’Union

Abstract: La Cour de justice confirme l'incompatibilite avec le droit de l'Union de l'article L. 1111-3 du Code du travail permettant l'exclusion des contrats aides du mode de calcul des seuils d'effectif des entreprises pour la mise en place des representants du personnel. Neanmoins, cette incompatibilite ne saurait etre sanctionnee dans un litige entre personnes privees du fait de l'absence d'invocabilite du droit de l'Union en l'espece. En particulier, la Cour estime que l'article de la Charte des droits fondamentaux de l'Union europeenne relatif au droit a l'information et a la consultation des travailleurs ne se suffit par en lui-meme pour conferer aux particuliers un droit susceptible d'etre invoque afin de laisser inapplique l'article L. 1111-3 du Code du travail contraire au droit de l'Union. Cette interpretation restrictive de la portee des droits sociaux fondamentaux pourrait en realite cacher une conception liberale des droits fondamentaux de la Charte qui sous certaines conditions pourraient se reconnaitre un effet horizontal