Northumbria University

About: Northumbria University is a education organization based out in Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Context (language use) & Population. The organization has 5624 authors who have published 17423 publications receiving 381949 citations. The organization is also known as: University of Northumbria at Newcastle.

In-vitro testing for assessing oral bioaccessibility of trace metals in soil and food samples

Abstract: In-vitro gastrointestinal extraction, also known as oral bioaccessibility, is important when assessing chemical risk to humans. In use, it purports to simulate the release of chemicals from sample matrices (e.g., food and soil) that may be consumed intentionally or unintentionally in the diet, so in-vitro conditions are created to simulate, principally, enzymatic action in the mouth, the stomach and the intestines. This article reviews the current status of oral bioaccessibility in terms of the release of metals or metalloids from food and soil samples. We place particular emphasis on the parameters that influence gastrointestinal extraction, including gastric and intestinal pH, food constituents, residence time and particle size. It is clear that future development is needed to validate and standardize the methods.

Is the feedback in higher education assessment worth the paper it is written on? Teachers' reflections on their practices

Abstract: Perceptions of the role and efficacy of written feedback in teaching and learning among teaching staff in British higher education institutions have not been extensively researched. In the present study 48 lecturers in one university and from a cross-section of disciplinary backgrounds were interviewed with respect to their lived experiences with writing assessment feedback. Like most universities, theirs has a stated commitment to academic excellence by, among other things, ensuring timely and useful feedback on assignments. The findings suggest, however, that institutional policies and departmental practices related to formative assessment in this respect are not having the intended effect. Teachers have varied perceptions and beliefs about the purposes of written feedback, and are uncertain about what it achieves and what use students make of it. Far from enhancing written feedback, innovative practices and procedures have created new problems for teachers. There is a clear need for continuing research...

Trust and mistrust of online health sites

Abstract: Do different design and information content factors influence trust and mistrust of online health sites? Fifteen women faced with a risky health decision were observed while searching the Internet for information and advice over four consecutive weeks. In some sessions their searches were unstructured, whilst in other sessions they were directed to review specific sites, chosen for their trust design elements. Content analysis of concurrent verbalisations and group discussion protocols provided support for a staged model wherein design appeal predicted rejection (mistrust) and credibility of information and personalisation of content predicted selection (trust) of advice sites.