Showing papers by "Sardar Patel College of Engineering published in 2016"

Strategies to overcome the HR barriers in successful lean implementation

Abstract: This paper presents an analysis of research on human resource (HR) barriers in lean implementation (LI) and also suggests a new model for successful LI. The objective of this paper is to discuss role of HR management, various threats and challenges in LI pertaining to HR. A literature survey of peer reviewed journal articles, notes, books are used in research methodology. It is also based on interaction with managers, engineers, supervisors and workers. The evaluation of literature survey has led to the identification of HR barriers in LI. This paper also considers impact of retirement programmes, career paths, health insurance which has received less attention. The unique contribution of this paper is development of relationship among barriers and performance measures. We also suggest a framework to overcome each barrier. It gives new opportunities for relevant research which will contribute to more knowledge in successful LI.

Analysis of barriers to medical device development in India: an interpretive structural modelling approach

Abstract: Efficacious product development is a critical issue faced by medical device manufacturing industries. Indian medical device industry is in nascent stage constituting of 75 % imports indicating diminutive device development activities unlike other sectors of manufacturing which are vigorously making forays through indigenous product development. The objective of this paper is to identify barriers to medical device development (MDD) and develop a structural model of it. 11 most significant barriers are identified using opinions of MDD experts and the literature review. They are further ranked by 33 experts through questionnaire survey. The mutual relationships among the barriers are established based on opinions of one group of experts using interpretive structural modelling (ISM) approach. The barriers are quantified using reachability matrix and further categorised as: autonomous, dependent, linkage and driver barriers using MICMAC analysis based on the mutual influence and dependence. The model is further validated by another group of MDD experts. Combination of ISM and MICMAC analysis gives a high level contextual relationship among the barriers identified. The barriers have compounding effect. Dependent barriers have higher dependence and present resulting actions. The driver barriers have high driving power and low dependence indicating need for systematic plan of action. Identification of barriers to MDD and developing the contextual relationships among them is a unique effort. It will provide an aid to the top management, developers and policy makers to develop strategies for MDD. Moreover, it will assist to accelerate indigenous contribution towards MDD which will ultimately deepen the penetration of low cost and better quality medical care for larger part of the population. This paper develops a model of barriers to MDD in India; which can be customised for other sectors and contexts.

Utility oriented demand side management using smart AC and micro DC grid cooperative

Abstract: DC microgrid provides a viable and more efficient option to cater for DC loads in the building space and, in particular, data centers. This paper investigates the opportunities associated for utilities to optimize industrial demand response for smart AC and DC microgrid environment thus facilitating distribution utility to reduce peak energy on the existing AC distribution system. A load shifting demand side management (DSM) technique is used to shift AC industrial loads in response to time of day (TOD) tariff. Hence, an attempt has been made to study the impact of DSM strategies with optimal shifting of AC devices in the presence of DC microgrid. Simulations are carried out on a practical distribution system having large industrial loads but it has been assumed that the AC distribution system has DC microgrid with renewables and battery storage systems (BSSs). DSM results for AC distribution grid are compared and analyzed with differing DC microgrid set ups, for example with and without battery storage. It has been observed that the DSM strategy with DC microgrid in the presence of solar renewables and battery storage can substantially reduce average energy cost for demand to response and peak load burden on AC distribution utilities.

Improved GA using population reduction for load balancing in cloud computing

Abstract: Cloud computing is a new hype in computer industry, which has different thoughts by different researchers. But beyond those thoughts, cloud has some limitation also which needs to be more focused. Basically cloud is based on use par pay scenario identified by user's services. But for each and every rewarding, that services cloud needs some predefine requirement circumstances to follow which affect different parameters like response time, resource utilization, balancing load, indexing of resources as well as jobs & etc. Lots of soft computing techniques like genetic, honey bee, stochastic hill climbing, and ant colony, throttled and other algorithm are used to please those parameters to improve the scheduling of resources as well as jobs in cloud environment. Our proposed work focused on utilization of resource and response time based on genetic algorithm but we modified that genetic algorithm with the help of partial population reduction method that will help to satisfy the request of user services.

Performance analysis of seven level three phase asymmetric multilevel Inverter at various modulation indices

Abstract: This paper analyses the performance of an asymmetric topology of three phase seven level Multi-Level Inverter (MLI) at various modulation indices. The ultimate aim of carrying out the analysis is to vary the modulation index so as to obtain an optimum value at minimum Total Harmonic Distortion (THD). This topology offers a major advantage such that it contains lower number of switches and input DC source as compared to the conventional and other existing three phase MLI topologies. Amongst the conventional topologies such as Diode Clamp Multi-Level Inverter (DCMLI), Flying Capacitor Multi-Level Inverter (FCMLI) and Cascaded Multi-Level Inverter (CMLI), CMLI requires minimum number of components as we go for higher number of levels. In case of seven level, three phase MLI's, conventional CMLI requires thirty six switches whereas in the proposed topology, the required number of switches are one third of the conventional CMLI i.e. only twelve switches are required for the generation of three phase seven level output voltage. For achieving this, Multi-carrier Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (MSPWM) technique is used. The topology is successfully simulated and verified using Simu-link tool at various modulation indices and detailed comparison between modulation indices and THD thus obtained is also carried out.

An adaptive distance relay protection scheme for enhanced protection security

Abstract: The advantage of distance relay to provide remote backup protection is a matter of concern to power system security under system stressed conditions. The zone 3 of the distance relay is prone to mal-operate under well known system stresses such as power swing, load encroachment and voltage stress; causing undesired relay operation which may further lead to system collapse. This paper proposes an adaptive distance protection scheme based on the decomposition of the current and voltage signals into carrier signals and modulating signals using the amplitude demodulation technique. The magnitudes of the carrier signals are controlled adaptively by a magnitude monitoring function based on the information content in the modulating signal. During power system stressed conditions, the positive sequence impedance trajectory is restrained from entering the distance relay trip zones until a fault occurs on the system. The proposed algorithm is tested on a two area − 4 generator − 10 bus system modeled in ATP-EMTP environment and the simulation results show the reliability of the scheme.

Reliability assessment and improvement of air circuit breaker (ACB) mechanism by identifying and eliminating the root causes

Abstract: Air circuit breakers (ACBs) are widely used as electro-mechanical devices to protect an electrical circuit from damage caused by overload or short circuit. Its basic function is to isolate a fault condition by interrupting current flow and if it fails to function, then it may cause a major accident. The major functions in ACB relies on mechanical drives and linkages, hence assessing the reliability of these drives and links is of key importance. This paper demonstrates the process of assessment as well as improvement of Reliability of ACB by exploring and eliminating the root causes of failures based on various relevant tools. Reliability assessment of existing and improved ACB mechanism was carried out by using Lifetime distribution. Root causes were analyzed using FTA, Ishikawa diagram, CE Matrix, and Pareto chart. After analyzing various causes, the root cause of failures in ACB was malfunctioning of unidirectional bearing. Elimination of root cause increased the reliability from 17.61 to 87.82 % for 20,000 operations. The drastic increase in reliability of ACB after eliminating the root cause of failure served its purpose effectively and helped in securing a strong position in market. This research deals with reliability improvement of ACB that can cut-off/supply electricity from the substation. Improving reliability of such product reduces these possible risks and indirectly helps the society particularly in critical areas like Hospitals, Airports, Process industries, etc.

Optical Response of Mixed Molybdenum Dichalcogenides for Solar Cell Applications Using the Modified Becke–Johnson Potential

Abstract: Abstract Energy bands and density of states (DOS) of mixed molybdenum dichalcogenides like MoS2, MoSeS, MoSe2, MoTe2, MoTeS, and MoTe0.5S1.5 are reported for the first time using the Tran–Blaha modified Becke–Johnson potential within full potential-linearised augmented plane wave technique. From the partial DOS, a strong hybridisation between the Mo-d and chalcogen-p states is observed below the Fermi energy EF. In addition, the dielectric constants, absorption coefficients, and refractivity spectra of these compounds have also been deduced. The integrated absorption coefficients derived from the frequency-dependent absorption spectra within the energy range of 0–4.5 eV show a possibility of using molybdenum dichalcogenides, particularly MoTe0.5S1.5, in solar cell applications. Birefringence and degree of anisotropy are also discussed using the data on refractivity and imaginary components of the dielectric constant.

Improved torque response of induction motor drive using direct torque control technique applying Fuzzy Logic Control

Abstract: In this paper a new control technique is proposed by using fuzzy logic control for direct torque control of induction motor. Contemporarily, induction motor is most commonly used for variable speed drive application because of following advantages over DC drives: low maintenance cost, high efficiency; robust and rigged operation; and can be used in any environmental conditions. Field oriented control is one of the strategy for control of induction motor and has been widely acknowledged in drive industry. But due to its complexities such as sensitivity to parameter variation, tuning, temperature and tedious vector calculations, direct torque control technique is gaining importance. Large torque ripples occur in induction motor, based on conventional direct torque control system. For this problem of DTC, fuzzy control theory is proposed and executed. A modified look up table for the selection of switching vectors is proposed. Space vector modulation technique is used to synthesize the inverter output voltages. Fuzzy controller system is applied for 1.5kW of motor which selects appropriate voltage space vector for minimum torque ripples. The proposed scheme is simulated on the platform of Matlab/Simulink.

Robust control of boost converter for flexible operation in PV based systems

Abstract: Solar PV being one of the most promising renewable energy sources has a wide range of applications. Thus a system is proposed employing a DC-DC converter which can be further used either for standalone or grid connected applications by proper power conditioning as required. Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) is employed for tracking the maximum available power. Along with it proposed system also facilitates Desired Power Tracking (DPT) from the PV source according to prevailing load/irradiance conditions adding the extra power control functionality. It also obviates the use of difficult to manage dump loads reducing system complexity and control thus enhancing efficiency when used in the off grid mode. The power quality of systems in which the PV power penetration is higher is also improved during the conditions of rapidly changing irradiance. Detailed modeling of PV-fed converter is presented which provides robust control for both the MPPT and desired power tracking algorithm. The analytically developed controller is evaluated for dynamic and steady state characteristics in MATLAB/Simulink platform.

Control of standalone solar PV system in varying operating conditions for DC loads

Abstract: With exhausting fossil fuels and concerns relating environment degradation the use of renewable sources has become statutory. Solar PV being easily and freely available is propitious for various applications. Thus a standalone PV system with novel control is proposed for dc applications. It consists of DC-DC converters in forward power stage, one for boosting PV voltage and bidirectional interface for the battery. The system control is such that it allows the Desired Power Control (DPC) of PV power whenever needed along with MPPT according to the existing irradiance and load requirements. This also offer advantage of elimination of dump loads reducing system control and complexity. More over the DPC also maintains Battery State Of Charge (SOC) and prevents the battery overcharge or deep discharge increasing battery life and efficiency. The control of converters is done analytically. The performance of the controllers and system algorithms with changing conditions is evaluated and the results are presented using MATLAB/Simulink.

Fast Terminal Sliding Mode based DC-DC Buck converter

Abstract: DC to DC converters are extensively used for the transforming DC voltage from one voltage level to another. Buck converter is one of a type which is used to lower the level of DC voltage. Various control strategies have been proposed in the past for performance improvement of DC to DC Buck converter. The work presented in this paper is based on Fast Terminal Sliding Mode control, which combines the advantage of conventional sliding mode and terminal sliding mode. Fast terminal sliding based control strategy is designed to bring error states at equilibrium in finite time. The robustness of proposed control law is demonstrated through simulation.

Automated demand response for residential consumers

Abstract: Demand response activities to mitigate peak and eliminate its drawback are carried out only at large industries or commercial complex. The residential sector is overlooked due to the unavailability of the required architecture and remains unexploited thus possessing great potential. The advent of smart grid technology has bolstered up the importance of residential sector in Demand response. Taking advantage of this fact our paper aims at providing an economical hardware solution to equip residential sector with the architecture required to capitalize on its untouched potential.

Grid connection of Modular Multilevel converter

Abstract: This paper presents the detailed understanding of Modular Multilevel converters for its applications in HVDC and FACTS. Along with this, mathematical model of the converter in state space representation is presented. Scalability and modular nature of this configuration are making it a promising VSI topology in high power applications. To explore its applications in HVDC and FACTS controllers a detailed parameter design procedure is presented. In parameter design procedure selection of arms inductance and submodule capacitance is an essential part to minimize the circulating currents and to avoid resonance in the circuit. For validating the PQ-Controller for Modular Multilevel Converter a STATCOM is designed and its simulation results produces in PSCAD/EMTDC environment are presented.

Design & Analysis of Steam Drum Based on ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII Div.2 & Div.3

Abstract: Process plant industries have equipment working on high pressure and high temperature environments. The ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII provides rules for construction of the pressure vessel. The purpose of this paper is to have comparative study for design and analysis of steam drum using ASME Section VIII Div. 2 and Div. 3. Steam drum is a part of boiler system and works at high pressure and high temperature. Normally, Steam drum design is based on ASME Section VIII Div. 2, Part 4, design by rule and Part 5, design by analysis; which has been carried out in the present study. In this paper, design of the same equipment is studied using Part KD, Design requirements of ASME Section VIII Div. 3 with similar design parameters. Finite Element Stress Analysis of both design has been done as per code requirements to check the plastic collapse. In this study, it is observed that there is reduction in the required thickness for design based on Div. 3. Finally, the reduced required thickness leads to considerable weight reduction of the equipment and thus increased competitiveness.

Power measurement using arduino for effective demand response

Abstract: The power demand has increased drastically over the last few years. One of the way by which we can solve this energy problems is by reducing usage of energy in households during peak demand. For this, demand response by real time pricing is implemented in the project. There is need for accurate and economic methods of power measurement. The main objective of this project is Power Measurement to reduce peak on generation by providing customers with their instantaneous power consumption. The aim of providing such data to the user is, to encourage them to shift their load during non-peak hour and reduce their power usage and electricity bill. Hardware, Software and the theory involved in the project is briefly described. The current and voltage signals from the load are stepped down and conditioned before they are given to the Atmega328. Load circuit, Signal conditioning circuit and their construction and functionality in the project are discussed.

Review of Machine Learning Algorithms in R software for Diagnosis of ESD Diseases

Abstract: ESD is an acronym for Erythemato-Squamous Diseases, which is a set of six skin diseases [6]. The Erythemato-Squamous Diseases (ESDs) require huge computational efforts to predict the diseases because all the six diseases studied in this group have more than 90% common features.The main focus of this paper is to study the use of machine learning algorithms in R software for prediction of ESD Diseases. In this paper, different algorithms are studied and implemented in R. Accuracy of these algorithms is compared.

An algorithm to secure the zone 3 operation of distance relay

Abstract: The insecure third zone operation of distance relay due to its inability to distinguish between symmetrical faults and system stresses has led to severe blackouts. An algorithm to enhance the security of the zone 3 operation of distance relay using only the local information is proposed in this paper. The proposed scheme takes advantage of the fact that a system unbalance exists during the post fault window of a three phase fault which is absent during the system stressed conditions. The ratio of the negative sequence impedance to positive sequence impedance monitored during the system stressed conditions is nearly equal to zero whereas during the symmetrical fault conditions this ratio becomes non-zero. The proposed methodology is tested on the WSCC three generator, nine bus system modeled in ATP-EMTP environment for symmetrical faults during power swing, load encroachment and voltage stressed conditions. The results obtained prove the reliability of the scheme.

Comparative analysis of parallel operation of two three phase systems with and without Interphase transformer

Abstract: In this paper, we have discussed about the changes in the system parameters due to the presence of the Interphase transformer (IPT). Two or more rectifier systems with displaced ripple voltages can be paralled with the help of IPT. The parallel operation of two three-pulse controlled converters with IPT is simulated and the difference of with and without the IPT is analyzed. An IPT absorbs voltage difference between DC voltages of the two converters at any instant. The independent operation of the two systems is obtained without any circulating current with the help of IPT. Six-pulse output voltage is obtained by parallel operation of two three phase half bridge controlled converters, similarly twelve pulse output is obtained by connecting two three phase full bridge controlled converters. This results in reduced total harmonic distortions with the use of IPT. This has been verified using MATLAB2014 (a).

Spark gap synchronization using subnanosecond pulsur based on avalanche transistor

Abstract: Design and implementation of a 20kV subnanosecond pulse generator using Avalanche transistor as a switch. The circuit with avalanche transistor as a switch and connected in a form of string could generate a very short pulse with high peak voltage. The avalanche effect of the transistor is responsible for the ultra-fast falling edge of the output pulse. The pulse hence generated can be used for synchronization of two or more spark gap. Because of the fast rise time and the high output voltage the reliability of the synchronization is increased. The Experimental output waveforms are shown.

Effect of flow and geometry parameters on performance of solar air heater

Abstract: Present paper deals with numerical investigation of solar air heater of a specific configuration where different geometrical parameters influencing its performance, is varied and its impact is assessed. The climatic conditions of Jeddah (lat. 21° 42′ N, 39° 11′E), Saudi Arabia is considered for investigation. The numerical investigation is carried out using commercial CFD software i.e. ANSYS Fluent, as a tool of analysis. The effect of air mass flow rate, various selective coatings on the absorber plate, number of covers, spacing between the covers on the flowing air outlet temperature (T fo ) and the heater instantaneous efficiency (η inst ) are studied. The study also includes the effect of fins kept in the flow passage of heater. Investigation concludes that a better performance is expected using cobalt oxide (Co-O) as a selective coating material with a daily average of the instantaneous efficiency of about 56%. To ensure the correctness of numerical model the simulated result is validated with the analytical result that had been performed for the heater with a black painted absorber plate under the same climatic conditions.