Showing papers by "State University of Campinas published in 1979"
TL;DR: In this paper, the equivalence of certain classes of Lipschitz functions defined on homogeneous spaces of homogeneous type has been analyzed and the geometric structure of these spaces has been obtained.
543 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a maximal function is introduced for distributions acting on certain spaces of Lipschitz functions defined on spaces of homogeneous type, and a decomposition into atoms for distributions whose maximal functions belong to Lp, p ⩽ 1, is obtained.
269 citations
TL;DR: This paper presents fast-decoupled state estimators, using also decoupled detection and identification of bad data, using the sparse inverse matrix method.
Abstract: This paper presents fast-decoupled state estimators, using also decoupled detection and identification of bad data. Bad data is eliminated by pseudo-measurement generation. This procedure avoids gain-matrix retriangulations or the use of modification techniques like Woodbury formula. In the identification process, the diagonal of the covariance matrix of the measurement residuals is calculated using the sparse inverse matrix method. Two main types of fast-decoupled estimators were tested : algorithm- decoupled and model-decoupled. The methods have been tested on IEEE 30-bus load-flow test system, and the FURNAS and CPFL systems that form part of the 835-bus interconnected 15 GW power system of the S.E. Brazil.
225 citations
TL;DR: The main contribution is a simple extension to the Ward-type equivalencing method that solves the boundary-bus designation problem and gives reliable and accurate results.
Abstract: Equivalent models for the external system in online load-flow studies are presented. The main contribution is a simple extension to the Ward-type equivalencing method that solves the boundary-bus designation problem and gives reliable and accurate results. The method can be applied equally well for off-line equivalencing, where it overcomes the need for buffer zones. Variations on this technique are investigated. The models require topology information, but no real-time measurement data, for the external system. The new methods have been verified by simulation on the IEEE 30 and 118 bus load-flow test systems and on the 835-bus interconnected 15 GW power system of S.E. Brazil.
139 citations
TL;DR: The crude enzyme hydrolyzed lactose efficiently in acid whey and 83% lactose hydrolysis was obtained at 55°C, however, the activity of the crude enzyme is greatly reduced in cow's milk.
Abstract: A strain of Aspergillus oryzae producing extracellular β-galactosidase that hydrolyzes lactose in whey and dairy products was selected. The crude lactase concentrates were prepared by both semisolid and submerged fermentation. Yields of the enzyme from semisolid fermentation were much higher than submerged fermentation. The crude enzyme hydrolyzed lactose efficiently in acid whey and 83% lactose hydrolysis was obtained at 55°C. However, the activity of the crude enzyme is greatly reduced in cow's milk. A. oryzae lactase was purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation, chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, chromatography on CM-cellulose, and DEAE-Sephadex A-50 column chromatography. The purified enzyme had an optimum pH of 5. The optimum temperature was 5°C, whereas, for the crude enzyme preparation, it was 55°C. The pH stability of the enzyme was between 3.5 and 8.0 at room temperature for overnight. The Michaelis constant is 0.77 mM for o-nitrophenyl-p-D-galactopyranoside (ONPG) and 50 mM for lactose. The values of Vmax are 55.6 μg/min/mg of protein for ONPG and 2.4 μg/min/mg for lactose. Metal ions in the range 0.01-l mM and sulfhydryl reagent (0.01–0.1 mM of p-chloromercuribenzoate) have no effect on the enzyme activity. Galactose inhibited competitively the enzyme activity, whereas glucose did not.
93 citations
TL;DR: It appears that male contraceptive methods involving spermatogenic suppression may require attainment and maintenance of azoospermia in men with recent sperm counts below 10 million/ml.
92 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the position of the OH group was located in these compounds and the 13 C NMR spectra of the phenyltetralin lignans galbulin, galcatin, isogalcatin and cyclogalgravin were also recorded.
76 citations
TL;DR: Proximate composition, globulin, albumin, nonprotein nitrogen and amino acid contents, apparent biological value, nitrogen retention and methionine availability were highest in Rico 23 and lowest in the variety Carioca.
Abstract: Proximate composition, globulin, albumin, nonprotein nitrogen and amino acid contents wemdetermined in four varieties of dry bean. Protein and nonprotein nitrogen contents were similar in all four varieties. The lysine was higher in the varieties Rico 23 and Rosinha -G2. The sulfur-containing amino acids were higher in Rico 23. PER, apparent biological value, nitrogen retention and methionine availability were highest in Rico 23 and lowest in the variety Carioca. For these two varieties PER values ranged from 1.32-0.75, apparent biological value from 58.9-39.4%, nitrogen retention from 36.1-21.0 mg N retained/rat/day and methionine availability from 40.6-29.3%, respectively. Apparent digestibility was lowest for Rico 23 and highest for Pirata-1. Pirata-1 ranked second in all biological parameters, except for methionine availability. Cooking the raw bean did not raise digestibility beyond 66%. Availability of iron was in the range 4-5% for all varieties.
62 citations
01 Dec 1979
TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented a methodology developed for automatic generation of optimal schedules for the north-south line of the metro company of Sao Paulo, based on the goal-coordination method, due to Lasdon and Tamura, was utilized to produce the Optimal reference schedule by considering comfort levels for passengers, the number of trains in the line, and the performance of trains.
Abstract: This paper presents a methodology developed for the automatic generation of optimal schedules for the north-south line of the Metro Company of Sao Paulo. An analytical model was created to represent the system behavior: train and passenger movements. Based on the model characteristics, the goal-coordination method, due to Lasdon and Tamura, was utilized to produce the Optimal reference schedule by considering comfort levels for passengers, the number of trains in the line, and the performance of trains. The optimal schedule for the morning peak period was generated and a great improvement over the current strategy was obtained.
57 citations
55 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of storage on dry beans was studied for 6 months under three different conditions of temperature and relative humidity (RH): A. 12°C, B. 52% RH: B. 25°C.
Abstract: The influence of storage on dry bean was studied for 6 months under three different conditions of temperature and relative humidity (RH): A. 12°C. 52% RH: B. 25°C. 65-10% RH: and C. 37°C. 76% RH. Then hydration capacity of the seeds remained constant under condition A, increased slightly under condition C and decreased to less than 50% of the original under condition B. Changes in the percentages of hardshell beans were inversely proportional to the hydration capacity. The texture (hardness) of the cooked beans increased from 200 to 250 kg force in the Instron apparatus for the conditions A and B but it reached values greater than 500 kg after 4 months of storage under condition C. Cooking time increased from 60 min to 95, 116 and 300 min for the conditions A, B and C, respectively. The PER value dropped from 1.01 to 0.66, 0.43 and 0.10 under storage conditions A, B and C, in this order. Biological availability of methionine dropped from 46.3% to 43.1, 38.2 and 27.6%, whereas cysteine availability decreased from 51.6% to 45.8, 43 and 30% under the conditions A, B and C, respectively. Protein digestibility changed from 62.4% to 58.9, 57.1 and 54.4% for the conditions A, B and C, in the same order. Addition of methionine to the beans stored for 6 months under the conditions A, B and C, raised the PER from 0.66, 0.43 and 0.10 to the values 2.45, 2.46 and 2.40, respectively, without significantly affecting the digestibility.
TL;DR: In this article, the 13 C NMR spectra of some tertiary and quaternary aporphine alkaloids are recorded and the signals assigned, and the substituent shielding effects together with the effects of N - and O -methylation and the twisting of the biphenyl system are analyzed and utilized in the spectral interpretation.
TL;DR: In this article, a quantitative derivation of the acoustic signal in a photoacoustic cell is presented, taking into account the finite surface thermal resistance of the solid, where the authors present a quantitative model for the cell's acoustic signal generation.
Abstract: A quantitative derivation is presented for the production of the acoustic signal in a photoacoustic cell, taking into account the finite surface thermal resistance of the solid.
TL;DR: In this paper, a new approach to the theory of intermediate valence, applicable to a specific kind of such solids, is presented, which consists of diagonalization of all intra-atomic terms in the Hamiltonian, including hybridization, elimination by means of a projection of all states beyond a low-energy manifold, conversion of the remaining states into equivalent fermion states, expression of the intra- and interatomic states in terms of the new fermions operators, and treatment of this new Hamiltonian in a mean-field approximation.
Abstract: We present a new approach to the theory of intermediate valence, applicable to a specific kind of such solids. It consist of: (i) diagonalization of all intra-atomic terms in the Hamiltonian, including hybridization; (ii) elimination by means of a projection of all states beyond a low-energy manifold; (iii) conversion of the remaining states into equivalent fermion states; (iv) expression of the intra- and interatomic states in terms of the new fermion operators; and (v) treatment of this new Hamiltonian in a mean-field approximation. This approach, although valid in restricted cases, avoids all the problems of the alternative treatments.
TL;DR: Seeds of Cecropia glaziovi SNETHLAGE are photosensitive and the fact that this species is not found inside established forests suggests seed germination as the main responsible for the distribution of this species.
TL;DR: The amino acid composition of the vascular sap of a high lysine maize mutant was determined during kernel development, and glutamine and arginine content decreased with maturity, while valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucines, tyrosine and phenylalanine increased with kernel development.
TL;DR: The electronically excited species generated in the peroxidase (Oxidase) catalyzed oxidation of the plant hormone indole‐3‐acetic acid is an excited state of indole-3‐carboxaldehyde.
Abstract: — The electronically excited species generated in the peroxidase (oxidase) catalyzed oxidation of the plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid is an excited state of indole-3-carboxaldehyde.
The chemiexcited species is able to induce in DNA the same alterations as observed with light or with enzyme-generated triplet acetone. The chemiexcited species can also alter r-RNA.
TL;DR: The potentiated maximal twitch observed in crotamine injected dogs is actually a brief tetanus, because the sustained contractions of the dog tibialis anterior muscle and the rat gastrocnemius are asynchronous tetanic contractions.
TL;DR: The distribution of frequencies of animals as a function of the hour of sampling shows that there is a strong diurnal migration of the fauna as a whole.
Abstract: Summary Twenty‐nine samples of marine animals, mainly invertebrates, inhabiting the seaweed Sargassum cymosum were collected in 1967 and 1968, at Ubatuba, Enseada do Flamengo (23° 30’ S and 45°’ 4’ 20”; W). They have been studied qualitatively and quantitatively. The main conclusions are: (1) Out of 19,193 animals, 50.2% were Mollusca, 18.8% Polychaeta, 18.7% Crustacea, 10.6% Echinodermata, and 1.7% various other groups. As most of the Foraminifera, Copepoda, Ostracoda, Nematoda, and Acarina were less than 0.2 mm, none were counted in the total or percentages. This is especially important for the percentage given here for Crustacea. (2) The distribution of frequencies of animals as a function of the hour of sampling shows that there is a strong diurnal migration of the fauna as a whole. Between 6 and 10 h there is a migration down from the seaweed to the rocky substrate, and between 18 and 22 h, the seaweed is again invaded by animals which stay through the night. (3) It is suggested that the animals resp...
TL;DR: In this paper, a crystalline cluster model for ionic crystals is presented, in the large context of the selfconsistent field multiple-scattering method, by imposing that the cluster potential has the same features as the crystal potential.
Abstract: A crystalline cluster model for ionic crystals is presented, in the large context of the self-consistent-field multiple-scattering method, by imposing that the cluster potential has the same features as the crystal potential. The model is particularly investigated with respect to NaCl, and the results are compared with those of a conventional cluster calculation. It is seen that the main features of the electronic structure emerge from the occupied cluster states and the obtained results of our model provide a good interpretation of experimentally observed properties, e.g., the experimental one-electron spectrum.
TL;DR: The cytotoxic norditerpene dilactones nagilactone F and its new congener nagILactone G have been isolated from the bark constituents of Podocarpus milanjianus and Podocaris sellowii as mentioned in this paper.
01 Oct 1979
TL;DR: In this article, the principles of operation and applications of frequency selective limiters (FSLs) are described, and various types of FSLs are grouped into three main classes: a) FSL's using multiple stagger tuned LC-resonant circuits, each containing two back-to-back diodes; b) FLS's using direct signal absorption; and CSLs using parametric subharmonic generation.
Abstract: The principles of operation and applications of frequency selective limiters (FSL's) are described. The various types of FSL's are grouped into three main classes: a) FSL's using multiple stagger tuned LC-resonant circuits, each containing two back-to-back diodes; b) FSL's using direct signal absorption; and c) FSL's using parametric subharmonic generation. The theory of operation of these devices is reviewed. From the results, it is noted that the characteristics of existing FSL's are attractive for their use in communication systems where signal interference is a serious problem to overcome.
TL;DR: In this paper, the structure of scutianine H, based mainly on its MS fragmentation and on the MIKES (mass-analysed ion kinetic energy spectrum) of the base ion peak, is suggested.
TL;DR: The effect of various ions on the mode and kinetics of concentrated wheat starch gels retrogradation was investigated in this article, based on the Avrami theory, which indicated that the mechanism of starch crystallization is instantaneous nucleation followed by rod-like growth of crystals regardless the ion present.
Abstract: The effect of various ions on the mode and kinetics of concentrated wheat starch gels retrogradation was investigated. The anions SCN-, I-, NO, Br−, F− and SO, and the cations K+, Li+ and Na+ were tested at 0,4-M concentration. Teh results, based on the Avrami theory, indicated that the mechanism of starch crystallization is instantaneous nucleation followed by rod-like growth of crystals regardless the ion present. The retrogradation rate for the halogens anions increased in the following order: I−, Br−, CI− and F−. The retrogradation rate for the cations increased in the following order: K+, Li+ and Na+. The results obtained were dependent of the charge distribution of the anions studied.
Die Wirkung verschiedener lonen auf die Kinetik der Retrogradation konzentrierter Weizenstarkegele.
Die wirkung verschiedener Ionen auf die Art und Kinetik der Retrogradation konzentrierter Weizenstarkegele wurde untersucht. Die Anionen SCN−, I−, NO, Br−, CI−, F− und SO sowie dic Kationen K+, Li+ und Na+ wurden in 0,4-M-Konzentration gepruft. Basierend auf der Avrami- Theorie zeigten die Ergebnisse, das der Mechanismus der Starkekristallisation auf plotzlicher Kernbildung beruht, gefolgt von stabchenformigen Wachstum der Kristalle ohne Rucksicht auf die anwesenden lonen. Die Retrogradationsgeschwindigkeit erhohte sich durch Halogenanionen in der Reihenfolge I−, Br−, CI− und F−. Bei den Kationen erhohte sie sich in der Reihenfolge K+, Li+ und Na+. Die Ergebnisse waren von der Ladungsverteilung der Anionen abhangig.
TL;DR: In this paper, Takahash et al. showed that some NbV species are present in the NbCls (1 tool) and LiNEt 2 (5 mols) gave main ly the pa ramagne t i c Nb(NEt2 )a in con t r a s t to the TaC15 reac t ion.
Abstract: The r ecen t r e p o r t by Takahash i et al. (1) t h a t the novel o rganometa l l i c e t h y l i m i n o ( C , N ) t r i s ( d i e t h y l a m i d o ) t a n t a l u m c o m p o u n d ( la ) is f o r m e d as an i n t e r m e d i a t e in the t h e r m a l d e c o m p o s i t i o n of Ya(NEt2)5 [which u l t i m a t e l y gives Ta (NEt ) (NEt2 )3] (2) p r o m p t s us to disclose comparab l e obse rva t ions in t he d i e t h y l a m i d o chemis t ry of n i o b i u m and tungs ten . Earl ier work(3) es tab l i shed t h a t r eac t ion of NbCls (1 tool) and LiNEt 2 (5 mols) gave main ly the pa ramagne t i c Nb(NEt2 )a in con t r a s t to the TaC15 reac t ion (2). Nevertheless , s u b s e q u e n t n.m.r , work revealed t h a t some Nb v species are present wi th the Nb(NEt2 )4 even af te r dis t i l la t ion. Work on the separa t ion and cha rac te r i za t ion of these c o m p o u n d s is still in progress bu t t he c o m p l e x 1H n.m.r , s p e c t r u m (100 MHz in C6D 6 ) shows clearly t h a t b o t h e thy l imino ( C , N ) t r i s ( d i e t h y t a m i d o ) n i o b i u m ( l b ) [CH3-doub le t 1.776 and CH-quar t e t 2 .476, J = 5.0 Hz, for the CH3--CH--N m o i e t y and two doub le qua r t e t s in 1 : 6 rat io, 3.856 unresolved and 3.44, 3 .416, J = 7.0 Hz for the prochi ra l CHz-groups in EtNand Et2N-groups, and co r re spond ing t r ip le ts in 1 : 6 rat io, 1.456 and 1.046, J = 7.0 Hz for t he m e t h y l groups] and p r o b a b l y N b( N E t ) ( N E t 2 ) a [ incomple t e ly resolved CH 2-quar te t s in the 3.86 and 3.46 regions and a par t ia l ly resolved CH3t r ip le t at 1 .206, J = 7.0 Hz] are present .
TL;DR: It is shown, once more, that multiple components in an hemolysate fall into categories of hemoglobins characterized by distinct and complementary functional properties.
TL;DR: A syntactic method is applied to the recognition of Korean characters (Hangul), a production process of fundamental characters is represented by tree grammars, and the extraction algorithm of fundamentalCharacters and the results of computer simulation are described.
Abstract: A syntactic method is applied to the recognition of Korean characters (Hangul). Since they develop into complex characters by the sequential addition of fundamental characters under positioning rules, there are a large amount of characters and consequently there exist many similar characters. Therefore, the sequential extraction, according to the positioning rules, of fundamental characters composing Korean characters is effective for automatic recognition. As a structural analysis, a production process of fundamental characters is represented by tree grammars, and the extraction algorithm of fundamental characters and the results of computer simulation are described.