Showing papers by "University of North Texas published in 1977"
TL;DR: In this article, the authors report the results of the development of a self-report measure of innovativeness and discuss the utility of such an instrument in human communication research, together with issues relating to its reliability, validity, and association with social desirability.
Abstract: This paper reports the results of the development of a self-report measure of innovative-ness. The utility of such an instrument in human communication research is discussed, together with issues relating to its reliability, validity, and association with social desirability.
852 citations
598 citations
TL;DR: Teacher effectiveness research has occupied a conspicuous place within the spectrum of scientific inquiry in education as discussed by the authors, with the formation of the AERA Committee on Criteria of Teacher Effectiveness.
Abstract: Teacher effectiveness research has occupied a conspicuous place within the spectrum of scientific inquiry in education. Interest in the question of what distinguishes superior from inferior teachers has flourished since the early 1920s and by midcentury had stimulated an impressive number of studies (Domas & Tiedeman, 1950). The quest was rejuvenated in the 1950s with the formation of the AERA Committee on Criteria of Teacher Effectiveness
405 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a naturalistic method was used to obtain descriptive records on relationships between environmental events and teacher behavior in student teachers' classrooms and analysis of these records was structured in terms of an ecological model which postulates that environmental demands moderate performance and establish limits on the range of response options.
Abstract: Naturalistic method was used in the present study to obtain descriptive records on relationships between environmental events and teacher behavior in student teachers’ classrooms (on this method, see Tinbergen, 1972). Analysis of these records was structured in terms of an ecological model which postulates that environmental demands moderate performance and establish limits on the range of response options (see Doyle, 1977a, 1977b). From this perspective, learning to teach involves learning the &dquo;texture of the classroom&dquo; and a set of behaviors congruent with the demands of that setting. Two features of the ecological approach as used in this study merit comment. First, the analysis involved a search for evidence concerning the function of teacher behaviors in classroom settings. The fundamental question, in other words, was naturalistic: Why do these behaviors occur? The emphasis, was clearly on explanation, on &dquo;fashioning&dquo; hypotheses in terms of environment-behavior relationships to account for recurring patterns of classroom activity (see Overholt & Stallings, 1976). Such an approach is, of course, more appropriate for generating hypotheses than for testing hypotheses in a formal manner. Second, the analysis was conducted at a level that emphasized similarities &dquo;... space is not merely a background for events... &dquo;
278 citations
TL;DR: Within-subject differences among the four visual field quadrants were interpreted as implicating the right hemisphere in color discrimination and favoring the cortical area functionally nearer the right striate area above the calcarine fissure.
115 citations
TL;DR: A stratigraphic and pollen analytical study of a thick sequence of alluvium at Chaco Canyon National Monument has provided a detailed history of late Quaternary alluviation, channel trenching, vegetation, and climate for the eastern Colorado Plateau.
Abstract: A stratigraphic and pollen analytical study of a thick sequence of alluvium at Chaco Canyon National Monument has provided a detailed history of late Quaternary alluviation, channel trenching, vegetation, and climate for the eastern Colorado Plateau. The alluvium at Chaco Canyon consists of five informal units, each separated by an erosional unconformity: Fajada (late Pleistocene), Gallo (7000 to 2400 B.P.), Chaco (2200 to 850 B.P.), Post-Bonito (600 B.P. to 1860 A.D.), and Historic (1935 to present). The Fajada paleosol occurs throughout northwestern New Mexico and is radiocarbon dated as older than 6,700 yr. Pollen analysis of the four younger alluvial units provides evidence for a mid-Holocene interval of aridity that occurs later than recognized elsewhere in the Southwest. Around 5,800 yr ago both pinyon and ponderosa forests were rapidly diminished by a decrease in precipitation. Maximum reduction of the pine forests and woodlands and the greatest aridity of climate persisted from 5600 to 2400 B.P. Ponderosa forests in the mountains adjacent to Chaco Canyon had begun to expand their range by 2200 B.P., and the major expansion of pinyon woodlands in the Chaco area began about 850 yr ago. The climate at Chaco Canyon when the Basketmaker and Pueblo peoples lived there about 600 to 1150 A.D. was drier and warmer than it is today. The ponderosa pine logs used in pueblo building were obtained from the mountains east, south, or west of Chaco Canyon. Abandonment of the pueblos coincided with the incision of the valley floor by the post-Bonito channel system.
94 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a first-principles theory for the generation and subsequent transient behavior of dense electron-hole plasmas produced in germanium by intense picosecond optical pulses is developed.
Abstract: A first-principles theory is developed for the generation and the subsequent transient behavior of dense electron-hole plasmas produced in germanium by intense picosecond optical pulses. Experimental data are discussed and compared with the theory. It is shown that the valley structure of the Ge conduction band, phonons, and plasmons play significant roles in the generation and the temporal evolution of the plasma. The agreement between the theory and experiments is good. Some predictions of the theory are discussed.
89 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, expressions used in the calculation of nonrelativistic K-shell cross sections for direct Coulomb ionization in the plane-wave Born approximation have been numerically integrated and tabulated for a range of projectile velocities and target binding energy parameters which extends beyond that found in previous tables.
84 citations
TL;DR: Horn's Coefficient of Dietary Overlap showed significance among all predator species for major food categories, but subtle mechanisms such as prey species-and size-selectivity and temporal succession provided sufficient partitioning of the abundant food resources to allow for coexistence.
Abstract: Gut contents of 1,463 stonefly nymphs, comprising 10 species, from the Gunnison River, Colorado, were analyzed from Dec., 1974–Oct., 1975, in relation to food availability. Pteronarcella badia fed primarily on detritus and moss. Perlidae and Perlodidae mature nymphs were all carnivorous, but showed considerable seasonal-developmental shifting in diets and preference during earlier stages. Early instar Isoperla fulva nymphs were herbivore-detritivores, then gradually shifted through an omnivorous to carnivorous diet as development proceeded. Claassenia sabulosa and Hesperoperla pacifica remained carnivorous throughout development. Dominant prey groups were chironomids, mayflies and caddisflies. Horn's Coefficient of Dietary Overlap showed significance among all predator species for major food categories, but subtle mechanisms such as prey species-and size-selectivity and temporal succession provided sufficient partitioning of the abundant food resources to allow for coexistence. Large Claassenia sabulosa nymphs in August selected more mayflies after dark than in the afternoon. No behavioral selection by predacious stoneflies was indicated for the chironomids Ablabesmyia sp., Cricotopus sp., Prodiamesa sp., and Rheotanytarsus sp.
78 citations
TL;DR: The Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) effect was used to study the strain dependence of the inversion-asymmetry splitting of the conduction band in InSb as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) effect was used to study the strain dependence of the inversion-asymmetry splitting of the conduction band in InSb. This splitting is small and hence has been difficult to observe by any technique other than the one presented in this paper. At zero stress, studies in InSb have shown no indication of beating effects in the SdH oscillations. With the application of uniaxial stress, however, stress-induced beating effects appear in the SdH oscillations. These beating effects, which depend on the magnetic field direction and the electron concentration, are shown to be caused by the stress-induced band splitting. The strain theory developed by Bir and Pikus, along with a simple, classical beating-effects model, enables the evaluation of the band-splitting parameter $|{B}_{3}|=3.3(\frac{{\ensuremath{\hbar}}^{2}}{2{m}_{0}})$ and the deformation potential $|{C}_{2}|=2.0$ eV.
53 citations
TL;DR: The levels of each of the glycolytic enzymes were observed to exhibit a parallel increase of 200 to 300% when human lymphocytes were stimulated to undergo blast transformation, which resulted in electrophoretic artifacts with lower pI values.
TL;DR: Amino acids and peptides separated by chromatography and electrophoresis on thin layers of cellulose or silica gel were located by spraying them with either ninhydrin, fluorescamine, or o -phthaldialdehyde, which permitted the detection of amino acids in the 50-pmol range and were superior to fluorescenceamine.
TL;DR: The vapor phase vacuum UV absorption spectra of the group IVA tetrachlorides were reported for the region 40,000-87,000 cm −1 (250-115 nm) as discussed by the authors.
TL;DR: An “Exercise profile” of serum enzymes, distinct from that seen following MI, is produced following exercise even in well-trained individuals, rendering isozymal profiling a more certain diagnostic modality.
TL;DR: Drumming was recorded for 11 of 13 Nearctic stonefly species, representing 4 families, and signals obtained from 5 species, and were either 2-way or 3-way communications.
Abstract: Drumming was recorded for 11 of 13 Nearctic stonefly species, representing 4 families. Both ♂ and ♀ signals were obtained from 5 species, and were either 2-way or 3-way communications. Signals were species-specific; those of males and females varied from 3–39 and 1–14 beats/signal, respectively. Duration of ♂ signals varied from 105–8016 ms; those of females except Perlinella drymo (1 beat), varied from 402–1318 ms. Signals among related taxa showed greatest similarities. Duration of ♂ signals of Perlinella drymo became progressively shorter at each of 4 temperatures from 7–29°C. Females of Perlinella drymo would only repeatedly answer ♂ signals recorded at near their own temperature, and would not repeatedly answer recorded ♂ signals of 8 other species.
TL;DR: In this paper, X-ray-production cross sections measured in $K$-shell ionization of $21, Sc, Ti, and Ge by 52-MeV projectiles with q = 7 \mathrm{to} 14$ are reported, which demonstrate, through their charge-state dependence, the validity of a recently developed electroncapture theory with reduced binding effect.
Abstract: X-ray-production cross sections measured in $K$-shell ionization of $_{21}\mathrm{Sc}$, $_{22}\mathrm{Ti}$, $_{29}\mathrm{Cu}$, and $_{32}\mathrm{Ge}$ by 52-MeV $_{14}^{28}\mathrm{Si}^{+q}$ projectiles with $q=7 \mathrm{to} 14$ are reported, which demonstrate, through their charge-state dependence, the validity of a recently developed electron-capture theory with a reduced binding effect. Furthermore, the data provide evidence for the applicability of the perturbed stationary-state theory of direct ionization for values of $0.44\ensuremath{\le}\frac{{Z}_{1}}{{Z}_{2}}\ensuremath{\le}0.67$.
TL;DR: The genetic structure of 26 natural populations of three species of the Ictidomys subgenus of ground squirrels was analyzed, and evidence indicated hybridization between S. tridecemlineatus and S. mexicanus placed these species within the classical definition of semispecies.
Abstract: The genetic structure of 26 natural populations of three species (S. tridecemlineatus, S. mexicanus, and S. spilosoma) of the Ictidomys subgenus of ground squirrels was analyzed using chromosomal and electrophoretic techniques. Chromosomal variation was not observed in S. mexicanus, and only slight karyotypic variation was found in the other two species. Chromosomal evidence indicated hybridization between S. tridecemlineatus and S. mexicanus, placing these species within the classical definition of semispecies. Analysis of electrophoretic variation at 29 genetic loci indicated close genetic relationships between these species. Evolution in Ictidomys appears to be linked with Pleistocene events, and speciation appears to have occurred within the last 155,000 years.
TL;DR: Divergence time estimated from biochemical data indicates the three species diverged approximately 155,000 years B.P. at about the beginning of the Wisconsin glacial.
Abstract: The genetic structure of 19 natural populations of three semispecies of Neotoma ( N. albigula, N. micropus , and N. floridana ) was analyzed using starch-gel electrophoresis. Of the 20 loci examined, nine were considered monomorphic, with the same allele fixed in the three semispecies. The mean proportion of polymorphic loci per population for the three was 0.263, whereas the mean proportion of loci heterozygous per individual was 7.8%. The greatest contributors to heterozygosity were the Hb-1, Hb-2, Alb-1, Es-3 , and 6-Pgd loci. The mean coefficient of genetic similarity (S) between the three semispecies was 0.765 and is comparable to values obtained for other semispecies. Average genic identity (I) between the three semispecies was 0.881, and 78% of the loci examined had identity values greater than 0.95. Divergence time estimated from biochemical data indicates the three species diverged approximately 155,000 years B.P. at about the beginning of the Wisconsin glacial.
TL;DR: In this article, the Raman spectrum of liquid ethylene glycol (EG ) was investigated as a function of concentration in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO ). Utilizing previous vibrational assignments of the various bands to the gauche and trans conformers, it was observed that the equilibrium appeared to shift almost entirely to the latter form in dilute DMSO solution.
TL;DR: A series of (>90% isotopic purity) 13C-labeled aliphatic alcohols of the general structure CCC13COH were synthesized and studied by 13C n.m.r. to obtain all 13C13C couplings involving the labeled carbon to show the effect of the hydroxyl substituent on 3J(CC) values.
Abstract: A series of (>90% isotopic purity) 13C-labeled aliphatic alcohols of the general structure CCC13COH were synthesized and studied by 13C n.m.r. to obtain all 13C13C couplings involving the labeled carbon. The 2J(CC) values were small (<0.5 Hz) and contrast with the large (up to 2.7 Hz) 2J(CC) values obtained in a previous study for 2-butanols. The 3J(CC) values, however, were strikingly similar in the two classes of compounds with respect both to magnitude and to conformational dependency. Thus, the effect of the hydroxyl substituent on 3J(CC) values is small.
TL;DR: Rapid media transfer experiments show that the decrease in NADP is reversible, that it does not require the net synthesis of pyridine nucleotide or protein, and that changes in the size of the NADP pool relative to the total pyragine nucleotide pool are correlated withChanges in the redox state of the NadP pool.
TL;DR: In this article, a reinvestigation of the kinetics and mechanism of ligand-exchange reactions of (2,2,7,7-tetramethyl-3,6-dithiaoctane)tetracarbonyltungsten(0), (DTO)W(CO) 4, with alkyl and aryl phosphites and phosphines (L) to afford trans-and cis-L 2 W 2 W
TL;DR: Glyoxalase I (S-lactoyl-glutathione methylglyoxal-lyase (isomerizing), EC 4.4.1.5) was purified from Swiss mouse liver to homogeneity by a rapid, two-step procedure involving hydrophobic and affinity chromatography.
TL;DR: Results suggest that northern populations have apparently adapted metabolic rate-temperature patterns which enable similar levels of metabolism under colder climatic conditions.
TL;DR: The study shows the enzyme to be a type A aldolase resembling other muscle forms in chemical and physical properties as well as amino acid composition.
TL;DR: Although the two isozymes exhibit essentially identical catalytic properties, they differ markedly with regard to their stability, with the more acidic isozyme being much more labile, which may account for its low levels in most other tissues.
TL;DR: Chromatographic mobilities have been examined as a function of the concentration of lithium chloride or sodium formate buffer in the chromatographic solvent to provide a rationale for the development of rapid and simple separation methods that should prove useful in the study of pyridine and adenine nucleotide metabolism.
TL;DR: In this article, the rates of reaction of the Group VI-B metal hexacarbonyls (M = Cr, Mo, W) with benzylamine, cyclohexylamine and aniline (amine) support a rate law.