Showing papers in "Addictive Behaviors in 2012"

TL;DR: This review used the databases PubMed and PsycInfo to identify articles pertaining to longitudinal predictors of substance use problems in emerging adulthood, building from the conceptual framework presented in a review on risk and protective factors for adolescent substance abuse by Hawkins and colleagues (Hawkins, Catalano, & Miller, 1992).

TL;DR: The results suggest that a significant shift in the nature of family influence occurred across adolescence and into early adulthood, but deviant peer influence was relatively consistent across this period, and suggested that an important aspect of the family context is its influence on choice of friends and peer group composition.

TL;DR: TLFB validly detects use of illicit substances in populations with substance use disorders, and may limit the need for biological samples, making information on illicit substance use easier and less costly to obtain and analyze.

TL;DR: Clozapine appears to be the most effective of the antipsychotics for reducing alcohol, cocaine and cannabis abuse among patients with schizophrenia and highly structured therapy programs that integrate intensive outpatient treatments, case management services and behavioral therapies are most effective for treatment of severe comorbid conditions.

TL;DR: Findings support the need for continued research into risky behaviors, such as substance use, that are correlated with bullying behavior and may contribute to an increase in negative outcomes.

TL;DR: This study highlights unique motivational pathways through which different impulsive traits may operate, suggesting that interventions aimed at preventing or reducing problematic drinking should be tailored to individuals' personalities.

TL;DR: The MACQ and B-MACQ provide promising new alternatives to assessing marijuana-related problems and indicates that the severity of alcohol- and marijuana-problems is defined by a relatively unique pattern of consequences.

TL;DR: Depressive symptoms and suicidality were significantly associated with greater odds of any NMPDU, with painkiller use (especially for females) representing the greatest correlate among college students.

TL;DR: The White Super e-cigarette alleviated desire to smoke and withdrawal symptoms 20 min after use although the nicotine content was more important for males and females, and it was demonstrated for the first time that the nicotine e-cigarettes can enhance working memory performance.

TL;DR: The study here presents multiple configurations (i.e., causal recipes) of antecedents associating with heavy drinking using fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA).

TL;DR: BD is associated with poorer performance of executive functions subserved by the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and the results do not support enhanced vulnerability of women to alcohol neurotoxic effects.

TL;DR: A review of the literature summarizes the most up-to-date MI interventions with adolescents, looks at differences between intervention format and design, and discusses possible theory-based mechanisms of change.

TL;DR: In line with the self-medication hypothesis of emotional disorder/SUDs comorbidity, anxiety and unipolar mood disorders at baseline assessment were associated with later onsets of SUDs, and social anxiety disorder at baseline predicted onset of alcohol use disorders and PTSD predicted the onset of all Suds.

TL;DR: Negative urgency is an important factor to consider in developing prevention and intervention efforts aimed at reducing substance use and problems, and is suggested to be a best predictor of substance abuse outcomes.

TL;DR: The present study suggests that distinct impulsivity traits may play different roles in escalation of alcohol use and development of AUDs during emerging adulthood.

TL;DR: This article investigated the role of authoritative parenting style and other family variables in adolescents' smoking and drinking, and found that authoritative parents' responsiveness and positive identification with parents may serve as a protection, whereas negative family interactions may act as a risk factor.

TL;DR: Examination of aspects of impulse control, especially the ability to inhibit a response, predicted recent alcohol use patterns in young social drinkers suggests that the inability to withhold a response is a strong predictor of the binge use of alcohol.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the relationship between global sleep quality and alcohol risk, including the extent to which Global sleep quality moderated relationship between alcohol use and drinking-related consequences.

TL;DR: Overall, the construct of alexithymia is shown to be related to several theoretically-related constructs but demonstrated a limited relationship to drinking outcomes in those seeking treatment for alcohol dependence.

TL;DR: Among this cohort of illicit drug users in Vancouver, Canada, and irrespective of recent incarceration, NFOD was associated with a range of modifiable risk factors including more frequent and riskier patterns of drug use.

TL;DR: Consistent with literature on early substance initiation and later illicit substance use, early onset of alcohol and polysubstance use is an important risk factor for IDU in adulthood.

TL;DR: The DUDIT was found to be a psychometrically sound drug abuse screening measure with high convergent validity and showed good discriminant validity as it significantly differentiated drug from alcohol abusers.

TL;DR: Knowing that individuals reporting coping motives for cannabis use might be particularly vulnerable to use-related problems, and tendencies to use coping motives may be influenced by gender, adds to the understanding of the impact of distress tolerance and problematic patterns of cannabis use.

TL;DR: Emotion regulation difficulties also significantly predicted these RSB indices above and beyond other RSB risk factors, including demographics, depression, sensation seeking, traumatic exposure, and substance use severity.

TL;DR: Interventions might be improved by including alternative coping strategies to tobacco and/or alcohol use, by addressing the social role of alcohol and by helping people with mental disorders using cannabis to gain pleasure from their lives in other ways.

TL;DR: It is suggested that alcohol, tobacco, marijuana and illicit drugs are currently used by a substantial number of youth in Canada, and that comorbid use is also very widespread among users.

TL;DR: Examining the association between baseline psychosocial risk and protective factors on engagement in substance use behavior over a period of 36 months for child welfare involved youth finds a high rate of social substance use and illicit substance use among children and adolescents undergoing investigation for abuse or neglect.

TL;DR: It is suggested that heightened emotional and physiological responses to parent-adolescent conflict interactions in youth may be one pathway by which parenting is associated with adolescent alcohol use and risk for abuse.

TL;DR: Consideration of both the individual factors and the complex interplay between social norms and social motives on alcohol consumption is necessary to further understand drinking behaviour, and to develop more effective alcohol harm-reduction strategies.

TL;DR: For both groups, the number of peers who consumed alcohol was associated with alcohol use, but Grade 6 students showed a unique susceptibility to peripheral involvement with peer drinking networks, particularly among very young adolescents.