Showing papers in "Animal Feed Science and Technology in 1999"

TL;DR: It is concluded that, although sample size has been small in a number of surveys, there is nevertheless unequivocal evidence of global contamination of cereal grains and animal feed with several trichothecenes, ZEN and fumonisins.

TL;DR: It is concluded that livestock health, welfare and productivity may be severely compromised by consumption of DON, T-2 toxin, DAS, ZEN and fumonisins and by interactions among these mycotoxins.

TL;DR: The Reading Pressure Technique (RPT) as discussed by the authors is a semi-automated gas production technique based on a pressure transducer interfaced with a PC that allows accumulated head-space gas pressure values to be directly entered into a spreadsheet.

TL;DR: The diets for the salmon and chickens were isonitrogenous, contained similar amounts of fat (fish oil), and were balanced with dextrin, thus substituting soyabean non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) and other non-proteinous components bydextrin.

TL;DR: In this article, the rank order of mineral potency as inhibitors of phytate hydrolysis was Zn 2+ ⪢Fe 2+ >Mn 2+) >Fe 3+ >Ca 2+>Mg 2+ at neutral pH.

TL;DR: In this article, the influence of protein fermentation on gas-production profiles was studied by incubation of mixtures of casein with glucose, Zulkovsky starch and/or potato starch.

TL;DR: The nutritive value of 22 native forages consisting of sedge, grass, forb and shrub species harvested in August, September and October from the Tibetan Plateau of China was assessed by using chemical, in sacco degradability and in vitro gas production analyses, showing that metabolizable energy value (ME) decreased with maturity.

TL;DR: Results of this study, as well as other published studies, show that the effects on starch and protein degradability are very much dependent on the conditions applied during processing.

TL;DR: There are some indications that fermented diets may positively affect pancreatic secretion, villus architecture, digestibility and absorption of dietary nutrients and more specific studies on the effect and modes of action of fermented diets are needed to allow firmer conclusions to be drawn.

TL;DR: It was concluded that although acetogenic bacteria can utilise H2 and CO2 to form acetate in the rumen when methanogenesis is inhibited, even large concentrations of acetogenicacteria cannot compete for H2 with methanogenic archaea under normal circumstances.

TL;DR: The results suggest that Rac will improve the carcass characteristics regardless of dietary protein level, and the favorite effect of Rac on ADG and FCR, on the contrary, will only be evidenced at a high protein level.

TL;DR: Results show that this bulk in vitro procedure resulted in higher 48 h digestion of NDF than those determined with a similar in sacco procedure, thereby suggesting that laboratories located some distance from the donor animal can utilize in vitro procedures to accurately estimate 48-h NDF digestion.

TL;DR: Higher threonine levels were needed to maximize humoral antibody production and IgG levels and feed conversion was significantly improved with the linear, quadratic and cubic polynomial contrasts being significant (p < 0.05).

TL;DR: Stem and whole stover showed rapid gas production in the early stage of fermentation, although the gas production rate of stem started to decline earlier than that of the other morphological fractions.

TL;DR: The overall feeding quality was evaluated in a 2-week growth trial with 4-day-old broiler chickens and the yellow-seeded B. napus canola meal showed significantly lower feed intake and body weight gain which appeared to be attributed to a relatively high content of aliphatic glucosinolates in this particular meal.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of three commercial tannins (mimosa, myrabolam and quebracho tannin) on the silage composition and mobile bag disappearance of DM, nitrogen and true protein were investigated.

TL;DR: These equivalents demonstrate the large amounts of by-product feedstuffs generated when commodities are processed for food or fiber and the importance of animals as consumers of these by-products.

TL;DR: In comparison with fresh or dried acacia, PEG treatment increased nitrogen retention, however, the reduced extractable CT induced by air-drying may simply reflect a reduced solubility of CT–protein complexes.

TL;DR: Further research on the oil quality, level of supplementation and the degree of ruminal protection is required to prevent reduction in feed intake and the resulting suppression in milk fat production.

TL;DR: Results seem to indicate that DL-malate enhanced the in vitro fermentation of a 50 : 50 forage : concentrate diet by increasing production of propionate and digestibility of hemicellulose.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of microbial phytase at two dietary levels of phytate and those of vegetal phytases on Zn and Mn availability in broiler chicks (21 days of age) were studied.

TL;DR: Results of this study indicate that dicalcium phosphate can completely be replaced with phytase (250phytase units kg−1 diet) in WL layer diet.

TL;DR: Results show that modifications of ruminal fermentation due to YC addition are time dependent when the diet is fed twice daily, and that pattern of degradation was not significantly different at any time.

TL;DR: The expander treatment considerably reduced effective protein degradability (EPD) in barley, oats, SBM, the cereal mixture and to some extent in the protein mixture, and indicates that feed mixtures can be expanded as a whole and that there is no need for expanding each ingredient separately.

TL;DR: Tifton 85 bermudagrass (T85) and Coastal bermuda (CBG) established on adjacent plots and managed similarly were harvested after 3 or 6 weeks of regrowth and used to investigate the effects of fibrolytic enzymes or microbial inoculant treatment before ensiling on nutrient composition and recovery, cell wall chemistry and digestion as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: Assessment of availability and voluntary dry matter intake of elephant grass in crossbred lactating cows in Brazil found that mean elephant grass availabilities of paddocks 45C (2423±92 kg of DM/ha) was greater than that of paddock 45C, and the average daily intake was 1.3 ± 0.2% of body weight.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared grain and crop residue yield and nutritive value of the stover of eight maize varieties, namely Awassa 511 (A511), Birkata, composite of best families (CBF), Dendane, drought tolerant population (DTP1), Guto, Katumani and Keroshet planted in 1995 cropping season were compared for grain and residue yield, and indicated the possibility of selecting for maize varieties that combine high grain yield and desirable stover characteristics.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that equine faeces is a suitable source of microbial inoculum for in vitro gas production studies and that the in vitro batch culture technique evaluated has considerable potential as a routine predictor of the nutritive value of a wide range of equine feedstuffs.

TL;DR: It was concluded that dietary, microbial or animal factors in the Ethiopian sheep had caused the destruction of the anti-protozoal material present in even the most potent accessions of S. sesban.

TL;DR: An increase in crude protein in the wheat varieties resulted in a significant increase in apparently digestible amino acid content, and this resulted in the determination of the coefficient of true digestibility (CTD).