Showing papers in "Applied Animal Behaviour Science in 1998"

TL;DR: Dogs may typically show increased restlessness, oral behaviours, yawning, open mouth and a moderate lowering of the posture when they experienced moderate stress in a social setting, which may indicate intense acute stress.

TL;DR: Results indicate that a previously observed sex difference in the effectiveness of petters in reducing the cortisol response was not due to some difference in odor or other nonbehavioural stimulus quality of men and women.

TL;DR: Three experiments were performed attempting to establish the validity of vocal measures as an indicator of the immediate response to pain in domestic piglets, finding that pigs that were castrated produced significantly more high frequency calls than sham castrates in all three experiments.

TL;DR: Evidence mainly from studies of rodents and primates strongly indicates that prenatal stress can impair stress-coping ability, and is able to cause a disruption of behaviour in aversive or conflict-inducing situations in juvenile and adult offspring.

TL;DR: In this article, a total of 1125 animals were observed during normal operations and 112 cattle vocalized, with the exception of two, occurred immediately after a stressful event such as electric prodding, slipping on the stunning box floor, missed captive bolt stuns, or excessive pressure exerted on the animal's body by a restraining device powered by pneumatic cylinders.

TL;DR: It is indicated that sufficient space is essential for the expression of play behaviour in domestic calves and suggested that play behaviour may be used to indicate the presence of good welfare in calves and in juveniles of other farm animal species.

TL;DR: Plumage evaluations showed that birds reared on sand and straw during the first 4 weeks of life had significantly better plumage when they were 19, compared with the rest of the population.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors tested 630 German shepherd puppies at 8 weeks of age to test if adult behaviour could be predicted at eight weeks and found that maternal effects are more likely to be seen in juvenile than in adult behaviour.

TL;DR: Levels of satisfaction with the dog's work and the quality of the recipient–dog relationship were greater in subjects for whom the idea to have a dog was their own than in subjects who were influenced by other people to acquire a dog.

TL;DR: In this paper, the relative motivations of cows to be milked or fed were examined in four experiments and the mean number of milkings chosen/cow·day during the last 3 days of each part of each experiment was 3.3.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared four pen sizes providing 2.0, 2.4, 3.6 or 4.8 m 2 /sow for sows in a replicated Latin square design of experiment, with 7 day periods.

TL;DR: In this paper, a study was conducted to determine the interrelationships between stockperson attitude, stockperson behaviour and other variables including job-related variables and empathy, and found that attitude variables were the most consistent predictors of behaviour, and that other, jobrelated variables correlated with attitudes but did not contribute greatly to predicting behaviour.

TL;DR: The effects of ewe genotype and litter size on the expression of maternal behavior in primiparous sheep were investigated using a lowland breed selected for growth (Suffolk) and a less-selected hill breed of sheep (Scottish Blackface).

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the effects of pre-exposure and weight differences on the behavior of pigs in a staged encounter between 74 pairs of 7-8 weeks old unacquainted pigs.

TL;DR: A high incidence of crushing was associated with larger litter size at birth, lower average piglet weight gain in early lactation, and older (high parity number) sows; however, these variables were interrelated, with older sows tending to have larger litters with lower early weight gains.

TL;DR: In this paper, 16 pairs of male laboratory mice of the ICR strain were weaned and allocated to four treatment groups in a 2×2 factorial design matched for genetic background (litter) and body weight.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors determined the cattle distribution patterns of dams and their offspring while grazing a 1030 ha (about 3 km by 5 km) allotment during the summers of 1990-1993.

TL;DR: It is concluded that providing a cage with nesting material (in addition to bedding) may be essential for the well-being of laboratory mice.

TL;DR: Radio frequency technology was used to collect information on the feeding patterns of 108 steers for 32 days after entering the feedlot and has the potential to identify sick animals and improve feedlot health management practices.

TL;DR: The results from as discussed by the authors suggest that reproductive season, sex and age have a significant effect on the agonistic behaviour of free-ranging dogs, and Dominance hierarchies were established among the adult dogs of either sex based on aggressive encounters.

TL;DR: Neither method seems highly stressful in sheep, however, lambs are more sensitive to parasite infestation when separation from the mother is repeated until weaning and sudden weaning, which involves less work for the breeder, can be used without heavy disadvantages on welfare.

TL;DR: It is concluded that hens should be provided with foraging material and high perches during the laying period to reduce feather pecking and feather damage.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the function of vocalisations of the parturient ewe to her lambs in two breeds of sheep, a highly selected lowland breed (Suffolk), and a less selected hill breed (Scottish Blackface).

TL;DR: In this paper, the relationships between 27 behavioural variables, displayed by 206 sheep in three tests used to measure fear in sheep, were assessed using Principal Component Analysis, which allows positioning of an animal on a continuous scale and therefore direct comparisons with other groups of animals.

TL;DR: The mutual grooming relationship was based on the bonds between individual horses, which were little influenced by social rank, and lower ranking individuals tended to have a greater variety of grooming partners in summer, while individuals of lower rank had fewer in winter.

TL;DR: In this article, the influence of environmental stimuli considered biologically relevant for nest building and lactating sows, on maternal behavior was investigated in a 2×2 factorial experiment with nine replicates of four multiparous sows.

TL;DR: It is concluded that nibbling in veal calves derives at least in part from a lack of development of feeding behaviour appropriate to ruminants.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the ability of miniature pigs to discriminate between a stranger and their accustomed handler in a Y-maze environment, where the pigs were gently touched, talked to in a quiet soft voice, and fed raisins as a reward whenever they approached the handler.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the influence of hunger on play by domestic cats and found that object play by adult domestic cats may be indistinguishable from predatory behavior at the motivational level.

TL;DR: In this paper, a study of the ontogeny of awareness using the model of social influences has been conducted on the basis of social processes in sheep and cattle, showing that the ability to be aware of the environment is not fully developed at birth but improves and varies through the animal's life.