Showing papers in "Applied Surface Science in 1994"

TL;DR: In this article, ZrO2 thin films were grown by the atomic layer epitaxy (ALE) technique using ZrCl4 and water as reactants, at 500°C amorphous films with good thickness uniformities were deposited onto soda lime glass substrates.

TL;DR: In this paper, an atomic layer epitaxy process for growing Al-doped ZnO thin films was presented, where precursors of zinc and aluminum were used to react with water at substrate temperatures of 120-350°C.

TL;DR: XPS spectra of PbS, FeS 2, CuFeS 2, Cu 1.87 S and ZnS surfaces prepared by scraping in ultra-high vacuum were measured as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this paper, the ABAB-based surface chemical reactions can be employed for atomic layer controlled deposition, where each surface reaction is self-limiting and repetitive cycling may produce layer-by-layer controlled growth.

TL;DR: In this article, a new photoelectron signal, assigned to Ga(I), with 3D binding energy of 19.0 eV was found, which is lower than the measured Ga III (3d) binding energy (20.6 eV) and higher than measured Ga 0 (3D) binding energies (18.5 eV).

TL;DR: In this paper, a polycrystalline β-In2S3 having a band gap of 2.3 eV was deposited by ALE using InCl3 and H2S as precursors.

TL;DR: In this article, an intumescent coating resulting from thermal treatments of the association of ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and pentaerythritol (PER) is studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

TL;DR: In this paper, NbCl 5 was examined as a niobium source for the ALE growth of NbN and Nb 2 O 5 films and for Nb doping of TiO 2 and SnO 2 films.

TL;DR: In this paper, the ratio R of Sp3 to Sp2 in hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C:H) has been evaluated by X-ray Auger electron spectroscopy (XAES), photoelectron energy loss spectro-scopy (PELS), and XPS, and the results showed that R values seem to be influenced not only by hydrogen contents but also by parameters of deposition (i.e. energy of hydrogen ion beam and growth rate).

TL;DR: In this paper, the chemical states in the Al2p and C1s photoelectron peaks displaying chemical shifts of + 1.2 ± 0.1 eV for A1 2p and -2.1 ± 0.1eV for C 1s with respect to bulkaluminium and graphite, respectively.

TL;DR: The phase diagram of the Ge growth was constructed for the Ge coverages from less than 1 ML up to 8 ML at the growth temperatures of 300, 400 and 500°C, examining the STM images.

TL;DR: In this article, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis was performed on ZnO films prepared on glass substrates by DC reactive magnetron sputtering at different substrate temperatures (room temperature to 450°C).

TL;DR: In this article, the basic ALE reactions with porous high surface area substrates, including the chemisorption and surface saturation, are presented, where the number of bonding sites can be regulated by heat treatment or by using reactants able to block selected bonding sites before binding the active metal species.

TL;DR: In this article, atomic layer epitaxy (ALE) reactions (i.e., saturating gas-solid reactions) of chromium acetylacetonate (Cr(acac)3) at 200-280°C with silica preheated at 200−820°C were studied by determining chromium and carbon concentrations, recording FTIR spectra, and reacting Cr(acAC)3 with the silylated silica surface.

TL;DR: The Scanning Atom Probe (SAP) as discussed by the authors uses a funnel-shaped micro-extraction electrode and a thin flat plate with micro-photo-etched in a checkerboard pattern.

TL;DR: In this article, the concept and experimental results of laser MBE growth of oxide films and heterostructures are presented in respect of typical perovskite oxides and infinite-layer alkaline earth cuprates growths on SrTiO 3 substrate as well as of CeO 2 growth on Si substrate.

TL;DR: The results of an APFIM investigation of precipitation during ageing of aluminium alloy 6061 at 70°C and 175°C are presented in this article, where the first stage of precipitation was found to involve the separate clustering of Si atoms and Mg atoms.

TL;DR: In this article, the AP-FIM technique was applied successfully to analyze the strengthening mechanism of a newly developed Ti-Nb-Mo-bearing fire-resistant steel, which maintained high yield strength at elevated temperatures.

TL;DR: In this paper, the LPALE method was used to grow ZnS thin films on soda lime glass, ITO- and Al2O3-covered glass and Si substrates.

TL;DR: In this article, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was applied to investigate Pt/NaY, Co/NY and Pt-Co/Ny zeolites prepared by ion exchange and impregnation.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors explored the steady-state reaction kinetics predicted in a wide pressure range by several kinetic models, focusing on the pressure gap problem, and concluded that the mean field corrections, taking into account a weak coverage dependence of the rate constant for CO desorption (e.g., UHV data for CO de-noising on Pt(111)), are not a sufficient modification to properly describe the reaction reactions at high pressures.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared the surface oxidation behavior of synthetic and natural galena samples and to contrast the different mechanisms for the air oxidation process using scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM).

TL;DR: The structural hydroxyl groups on the activated zeolite surface were examined by FT-IR before and after pyridine adsorption in the range 400-4000 cm-1 as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: The atomic structure of some Ni-base single-crystal superalloys has been investigated using atom-probe field ion microscopy (APFIM) and the results compared with numerical estimations obtained from the alloy design program (ADP) and cluster variation method (CVM) as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this article, a method is outlined to calibrate both the lateral and depth scales using a combination of FIM and PoSAP microanalysis for the following alloy systems: Fe-45at%Cr, Cu-1at%Co, Al-3at%Zn-3 at%Mg-1 at%Cu and Fe-1.3wt%Cu-1 4.4wt%Ni.

TL;DR: In this paper, an improved position sensitive atom probe was designed which uses a combination of a parallel timing system and a silicon photodiode array camera for accurate positioning and flight time determination.

TL;DR: In this article, the growth of electron-beam deposited molybdenum and silicon layers and the effect of ion-beam bombardment on the morphology and interface smoothness of those layers using in-situ X-ray reflectivity scans, Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) were investigated.

TL;DR: In this paper, eight aluminium samples were hydrated in boiling water for 5-60 s, which produces an adherent and porous pseudoboehmite (AlOOH) film on the surface.

TL;DR: A detailed data set of Fe(MNN) Auger lineshapes and O(511 eV)/Fe(LMM) peak ratios for polycrystalline iron is reported as a function of oxygen exposure, and compared to corresponding X-ray photoelectron spectra as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this paper, the surface coverage of three different ALE precursors (TiCl4, Cr(acacac)3 and hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) on porous, high surface area SiO2 were studied by element determinations and FTIR spectroscopy.