Showing papers in "Brain Research Bulletin in 1990"

TL;DR: Evidence is presented supporting the involvement of mesolimbic dopaminergic systems in the modulation of prepulse inhibition or sensorimotor gating and the importance of central serotonergic systemsIn the habituation of startle.

TL;DR: Findings suggest the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus to be a highly differentiated part of the ascending "reticular activating" system, concerned not only with specific cortical and thalamic regions, especially those associated with the limbic system, but also with the basal ganglia, and visual mechanisms.

TL;DR: The present study lays the foundation for understanding at least a part of the physiological basis underlying differences between the two fundamentally different types of individuals existing in normal populations of rodents.

TL;DR: Examination of the fine structure of the microvasculature of the vascular basement membrane reveals AD-associated VBM alterations, which include both thickening and vacuolization, suggesting a link between microangiopathy and senile plaque formation.

TL;DR: Electrophysiological recordings from the ophthalmic nerve and the trigeminal ganglion of the bobolink indicate the presence of units (14% of the spontaneously active cells) that are sensitive to small changes in the magnetic field.

TL;DR: Recent work suggests that it is the oligosaccharide portion of the ganglioside that carries much of the biological specificity, and suggests the hypothesis thatgangliosides present on the surface of one cell may interact with specific gangliosiside-binding proteins, "receptors," on target cells.

TL;DR: Iron (Fe) homeostasis may play an important role in the regulation of Mn transport across the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and in vivo, 6 hr of intravenous administration of ferric-hydroxide dextran complex significantly inhibited 54Mn brain uptake as compared to its uptake in iron-free dextrans-treated rats.

TL;DR: The prelimbic area of the medial frontal cortex of the rat has a pattern of thalamic afferents which is different not only from those of PrCm and ACd areas but also from Those of cingulate and retrosplenial cortices.

TL;DR: It was concluded that the ventral hippocampus is part of a coping system, and a strengthening of synaptic connections with the central amygdala increases the coping ability of rats under stress conditions.

TL;DR: The combined retrograde tracing/immunohistochemical method was used to test for the presence of enkephalin, neurotensin, neuropeptide Y, and catecholamine neurons within the nucleus of the solitary tract that send efferents to the CeA.

TL;DR: The sexually dimorphic testosterone-sensitive POM is an excellent animal model to study the brain-steroid interactions which mediate the activation of male reproductive behavior and significantly decreased the volume of the nucleus.

TL;DR: Results indicate that the exercised rats ate less food than resting animals when saline was infused prior to subjecting the animals to running, and growth of exercised rats was slower than that of resting rats during the day following exercise.

TL;DR: Feeding responses elicited by injection of norepinephrine, neuropeptide Y and galanin into the paraventricular nucleus of male Sprague-Dawley rats were studied at two different times of the dark cycle, reflecting differential functions of these hypothalamic neurotransmitters in controlling nutrient ingestion at different periods of the circadian cycle.

TL;DR: Observations provide further evidence that NMDA receptors are involved in the mediation of endogenous and exogenous opioid analgesia and show that there are significant male-female differences in the inhibitory effects of (+) MK-801 on opioid-mediated analgesia.

TL;DR: A direct bidirectional vagal complex-uterus connection via the vagus nerve is demonstrated in terms of a complex uterus control system in which the paraventricular nucleus might play an integrative role.

TL;DR: Double/triple labeling was observed in the brain and spinal cord following multiple injections of fluorescein, tetramethylrhodamine and Fluoro-Gold, and retrograde transport by the dextran conjugates was present, but limited in its extent.

TL;DR: Sertraline appears to accelerate the onset of normal satiety, presumably by enhancing physiological actions of endogenous 5-HT by stimulating a number of different serotonergic mechanisms can reduce food intake in rats.

TL;DR: It is concluded that dopamine turnover in the mesocortical system increases during feeding under the conditions used and in terms of the role of the PFC in food intake modulation.

TL;DR: The results indicate that the ventral medulla is essential to inspiratory pattern generation as well as rhythm generation, and it is suggested that the RVL is an important site in rhythm generation.

TL;DR: There is recent evidence that the impairment in LTP can be prevented by allowing the animal to learn to escape the shock, indicating that the stress effect is to some extent mediated by "psychological" variables.

TL;DR: The results show that extracellular serotonin increases at both sites during preingestive events as well as during eating, but not afterwards.

TL;DR: Using a double immunostaining technique with cholera toxin as a retrograde tracer, the cells of origin and the histochemical nature of afferents to the cat posterior hypothalamus were examined and CT injections in the lateral hypothalamic area gave an additional heavy labeling of neurons.

TL;DR: The cortico-bulbar projection from two separate cortical areas which induce different types of rhythmical jaw movements (RJM) were studied with horseradish peroxidase tracing method and the difference in patterns of RJM induced by the two cortical RJM areas may be due to the different projection patterns from these two areas.

TL;DR: Preliminary evidence suggests that carbachol (10-50 mM), a cholinergic agonist, inhibits NMDA-induced increases in muscle tone and episodes of stepping, as well as blocking the effects of the excitatory amino acid antagonist, aminophosphonovalerionic acid (APV).

TL;DR: The effects of adrenalectomy and corticosterone replacement on NPY mRNA levels in the arcuate nucleus and brainstem are examined to suggest that the paraventricular nucleus may be affected by glucocorticoids via an NPY pathway and that the two major afferent pathways of NPY-containing neurons to the parventricular cluster may be regulated by different mechanisms.

TL;DR: Striatal dopamine uptake sites labelled with [3H]GBR-12935 binding were investigated in ovariectomized (OVX) rats acutely treated with E2 or progesterone and the effect of E2 appeared in coincidence with the peak of this steroid plasma concentration.

TL;DR: It is suggested that a relatively short-lived tolerance results from chronic nicotine infusion and that alterations in nicotinic receptors can be dissociated from behavioral tolerance.

TL;DR: Repeated restraint sessions enhanced noradrenergic transmission and the inhibitory effect of clonidine was greater on these cells than in those of controls.

TL;DR: The present results indicate presynaptic facilitation of the release of DA in the striatum by glutamate.

TL;DR: The experiments reviewed here indicate that lesions of the nucleus basalis magnocellularis (NBM) and of the medial septal area (MSA) reproduce the behavioral symptoms following lesions of their respective target sites, the frontal cortex (FC) and the hippocampus (HIP).