Showing papers in "Cancer Treatment Reviews in 2007"

TL;DR: Preclinical data that has clinical relevance generated over the past five years of platinating agents, including cisplatin, carboplatin, and oxaliplatin are focused on.

TL;DR: A new class or organoarsenicals are being trialed for the treatment of hematological malignancies and solid tumors and Mechanisms of action and selectivity and acute and chronic toxicities are discussed along with the prospects of this class of molecule.

TL;DR: Risk of seeding with HCC is substantial and appears greater with using diagnostic biopsy alone compared to therapeutic percutaneous procedures, particularly relevant for patients being considered for liver transplantation.

TL;DR: This review will address adolescent development, issues related to informed consent and assent, initial responses to the diagnosis of cancer, quality of life and the experience of the adolescent with cancer, psychological adjustment, support systems, body image issues, sexuality, education, hope, and treatment compliance.

TL;DR: The literature relating to what is currently known about the pathobiology of AT mucositis, particularly with respect to the involvement of pro-inflammatory cytokines, as well as currently used animal models and the role of specific cytotoxic chemotherapy agents, are examined.

TL;DR: None of the trials reported evidence of significant decreases in efficacy from antioxidant supplementation during chemotherapy, and many of the studies indicated that antioxidant supplementation resulted in either increased survival times, increased tumor responses, or both, as well as fewer toxicities than controls; however, lack of adequate statistical power was a consistent limitation.

TL;DR: Endoscopic metal stents are the intervention of choice in patients with malignant distal biliary obstruction, producing similar outcomes to plastic stents, but with improved patency rates.

TL;DR: An overview of mammalian NER is provided and current clinical evidence implicating ERCC1 as a predictive and prognostic marker in cancer is presented, followed by a focus on biochemical, structural and pre-clinical aspects of ER CC1.

TL;DR: Dacarbazine generally produces poor outcomes and adding other therapies offers minimal clinical advantages (possibly with interferons), and this meta-analysis highlights the unmet need for effective treatment options for advanced melanoma.

TL;DR: Oxaliplatin performed better in combination with other agents for the treatment of platinum-resistant/refractory cancer suggesting that the benefit of oxali platin may lie in its more favourable toxicity and ability to be combined with other drugs rather than an underlying activity in cisplatin resistance.

TL;DR: The inverse relationship between platinum and taxanes resistance seen in cell models is mirrored in the clinical response to these agents in ovarian cancer, suggesting that pre-treatment with paclitaxel may improve the response of salvage pac litaxel therapy.

TL;DR: Final results from Phase III trials suggest that all these regimens could have a role in the treatment of patients with gastric cancer but survival is still very poor and toxicity remains important.

TL;DR: When platinum-based chemotherapy concurrently with chest RT is used, the 2- and 5-year survival rates of patients with LS-SCLC may be in favour of early chest radiotherapy, with a significant difference if the overall treatment time of chest radiation is less than 30 days.

TL;DR: Understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlie enzyme induction and the identification of (new) drugs involved in pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions may contribute to the predictability of drug- drug interactions and eventually help to develop safer anticancer regimens.

TL;DR: Total cancer incidence was higher in adolescent males than females, but there was often a female excess in melanoma and thyroid carcinoma, and Hodgkin lymphoma was at least as frequent among females as males in several countries with relatively high incidence.

TL;DR: The ultimate challenge is the development of a new discipline, adolescent/teenage and young adult oncology, devoted to the care of adolescents, with unique socio-psychological problems and needs, that may be addressed only by dedicated professionals, adequately trained and supported.

TL;DR: Research into the pathology of genetic syndromes associated with RCC has led to remarkable advances in understanding of the pathogenesis of sporadic RCC and Rational therapeutic agents developed from this understanding have established new treatment paradigms for this disease.

TL;DR: The aim of this review is to summarize and critically analyze the available evidence on the impact of ionizing radiation on the cardiovascular system, with special attention to recent data demonstrating previously unrecognized adverse effects.

TL;DR: Some important new findings supporting the role of uPA/uPAR in CaP progression and establishing the potential therapeutic efficacy of u PA/u PAR-targeted therapies in Cap are summarized.

TL;DR: This review of synthetic alkylphospholipids focuses on mechanisms of action and the rationale to combine these agents with radiotherapy, concluded with first clinical data on combined treatment of radiotherapy with perifosine.

TL;DR: This systematic review suggests that patients with a good performance status (ECOG 0–1), a normal lactate dehydrogenase level, less than three organs involved or cutaneous and/or subcutaneous metastases, have the highest probability of responding and achieving a durable complete response.

TL;DR: Targeting receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signalling represents an attractive approach to develop new drugs for SCLC, in view of the accumulating data demonstrating that polypeptide growth factors play a key role in driving SCLc cell proliferation, chemoresistance and metastasis.

TL;DR: A critical unmet need in CTCL is indicated and new insights into the molecular and immunologic changes associated with cutaneous T-cell lymphomas should ultimately lead to the identification of novel therapeutic targets and the development of improved therapeutic options for patients with these malignancies.

TL;DR: There was no evidence that HDCT improved OS and EFS in good risk NHL patients and the evidence for poor risk patients is inconclusive, meaning HDCT should not be further investigated in goodrisk patients with aggressive NHL but high quality studies in poor risk Patients are warranted.

TL;DR: In patients with resectable gastric carcinoma, adjuvant radiotherapy significantly reduces 3-year and 5-year all-cause mortality, but the magnitude of the benefit is relatively small.

TL;DR: The addition of paclitaxel to cisplatin plus doxorubicin appears to improve response rates, progression-free survival and overall survival, but to worsen toxicity profile.

TL;DR: In BC, T2A amplification appears to be a good predictor of response to anthracyclines, but these data are still in the process of validation, and the significance of T1A deletions is currently under investigation.

TL;DR: The currently knowledge of m TOR biology will be reviewed along with the status of clinical development of mTORi in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas along with several questions regarding mTOR biology and its interaction with pharmacological inhibitors remain unanswered.

TL;DR: Although the reproductive techniques discussed are highly effective, country specific differences in the legal framework means that cancer survivors may be denied access to certain treatments (e.g. embryo cryopreservation) because they are forbidden by specific national legislation.

TL;DR: Survition data is presented for the major types of cancer and for all malignancies combined in adolescents aged from 15 to 19 years, highlighting intercountry differences, temporal trends, and age/treatment regimen comparisons of survival rates.