Showing papers in "China Information in 2016"
TL;DR: Li et al. as mentioned in this paper investigated participatory environmental management in rural China and summarized the extent, role and key drivers of public participation in environmental politics in China, and concluded that public participation is crucial for environmental management.
Abstract: This article investigates participatory environmental management in rural China. It first summarizes the extent, role and key drivers of public participation in environmental politics in China. It ...
31 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors found that China's economic sanction in the form of restricting salmon imports from Norway was in retaliation for the 2010 Nobel Peace Prize awarded to a Chinese dissident.
Abstract: This article confirms that China’s economic sanction in the form of restricting salmon imports from Norway was in retaliation for the 2010 Nobel Peace Prize awarded to a Chinese dissident. By combining personal accounts of stakeholders interviewed in the Norway–China salmon trade with an examination of trade data, there is strong evidence that links changes in trade patterns of fresh/chilled whole Norwegian salmon to border measures applied in response to the peace prize. While disproportionate border measures targeting Norwegian salmon have distorted China’s market since 2011, private actors appear to have busted the sanction by circumventing these measures, including rerouting, falsifying country-of-origin certification, and smuggling. This could have long-term consequences for trade patterns and quality. Official statistics record a reduced Norwegian market share and decreased Norway–China salmon trade despite an expansion of the volume of Chinese imports. However, official data do not record Norwegian...
29 citations
TL;DR: In this article, Li et al. discuss local government response to environmental activism within China's decentralized political structure and illustrate the emergence of public participation in municipal policymaking on waste management, particularly in light of a new public-consultative waste management mechanism implemented in Guangzhou, the Guangzhou Public Consultation and Supervision Committee for Urban Waste Management.
Abstract: Protests in post-Mao China not only indicate citizens’ increasing dissatisfaction but also challenge the regime to act and take appropriate measures. This article discusses local government response to environmental activism within China’s decentralized political structure. Anti-incinerator protests in Beijing and Guangzhou are used to illustrate the emergence of public participation in municipal policymaking on waste management. The Beijing and Guangzhou governments’ different attitudes and responses to citizens’ grievances are analysed, particularly in light of a new public-consultative waste management mechanism implemented in Guangzhou, the Guangzhou Public Consultation and Supervision Committee for Urban Waste Management (广州市城市废弃物处理公众咨询监督委员会). Changes in policies on waste management and disposal are examined through documentary analysis and in-depth interviews with stakeholders involved in anti-incinerator protests. The main goal here is to demonstrate that policy change is not only determined by pro...
28 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that the Internet empowers yet ultimately blunts the threat of Han nationalism, rendering it largely impotent when faced with the hegemony of state territorialization.
Abstract: Han majority nationalism poses a significant yet under-theorized challenge to state sovereignty and territorial integrity in China, especially in the era of the Internet. By shifting our focus from minority secessionist movements on the ground in Xinjiang and Tibet to a group of Han nationalists active in cyberspace, this article probes the friction between three distinct yet interrelated ideologies of spatiality in contemporary China: the processes and practices of state territorialization; counter-narratives and geographies of Han cybernationalism; and the transnational flows of the Sinophone Internet. It argues that the Internet empowers yet ultimately blunts the threat of Han nationalism, rendering it largely impotent when faced with the hegemony of state territorialization.
24 citations
TL;DR: The authors examines the rise of celebrity politics in mainland China and outlines some typologies of Western celebrity politics and considers whether equivalent forms exist in China, and then exames the existence of such forms in China.
Abstract: This article examines the rise of celebrity politics in mainland China. It outlines some typologies of Western celebrity politics and considers whether equivalent forms exist in China. It then exam...
18 citations
TL;DR: The majority of Anglophone literature tends to portray Confucius Institutes as playing a successful role serving China's interests in its foreign collaborations as discussed by the authors, but the threat of this institut...
Abstract: The majority of Anglophone literature tends to portray Confucius Institutes as playing a successful role serving China’s interests in its foreign collaborations. So far, the threat of this institut...
18 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a study of amoral costbenefit analysis, legitimacy and capacity to obey the law, seeks to understand why Chinese farmers obey or break pesticide rules, using data gathered from the Food and Agriculture Organization of China.
Abstract: This article, in a study of amoral cost–benefit analysis, legitimacy and capacity to obey the law, seeks to understand why Chinese farmers obey or break pesticide rules. It uses data gathered throu...
16 citations
TL;DR: For more than two decades, under the imperative of ‘developing the country at all costs’, local governments in China have allowed developers and industrialists to set up polluting industries which...
Abstract: For more than two decades, under the imperative of ‘developing the country at all costs’, local governments in China have allowed developers and industrialists to set up polluting industries which ...
14 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, Mearsheimer compared China's attitude towards the South China Sea to the Monroe Doctrine of the United States and argued that international law does not accord international law much weight.
Abstract: John Mearsheimer has compared China’s attitude towards the South China Sea to the Monroe Doctrine of the United States. Mearsheimer does not accord international law much weight and certainly does ...
13 citations
TL;DR: DeBevoise et al. as mentioned in this paper investigated the connections between the avant-garde art system and the state system and concluded that the market has become the "tactical way out of a complicated political cul-de-sac" for experimental art.
Abstract: The Trend of Art Thought (美术思潮) and Fine Arts in China (中国美术报) were prominent examples of art media initiated by private individuals. Exhibitions funded by joint resources from the provincial branch of the Chinese Artists Association and private funding or entirely by private resources mushroomed too. '85 New Space ('85 新空间, 1985), Tribe Tribe (部落, 部落, 1986) and Contemporary China Tapestry Exhibition (中国现代 壁挂艺术展, 1987) are examples of such funding. An alternative art system gradually came to shape and nurture the experimental/avant-garde art that we now know as Chinese contemporary art. A landmark in the development of experimental art was the China/ Avant-Garde Exhibition (中国现代艺术展, 1989) in the National Art Museum of China. DeBevoise devotes an entire chapter to a detailed account of this exhibition. DeBevoise’s account indicates the connections between the avant-garde art system and the state system. She states that the new media platforms were ‘authorised by statecontrolled institutions’ (p. 149). Many exhibitions of experimental art were partially supported by the state-sponsored art system. The China/Avant-Garde Exhibition would not have been possible without the approval of art officials in the National Art Museum of China. DeBevoise argues that the new system was generated ‘at the intersection between state sponsorship and market reform’ (p. 195). Another insightful argument by DeBevoise is that the market was an enabling power for emergent experimental art in China in the early 1990s. Although the proponents of avant-garde art in the 1980s were then hoping to gain acknowledgement from the statesponsored system, the 1989 Tiananmen incident put an end to such ambition. DeBevoise observes that experimental art shifted its focus entirely towards the market for support in 1990–3. As the Chinese domestic market for experimental art was small, experimental art also resorted to the international art market. Two examples of the efforts to promote the sale of experimental art – the Guangzhou Biennial Art Fair (广州双年展, 1992) and the exhibition China’s New Art, Post-1989 (后八九中国新艺术, 1993) in Hong Kong – are discussed at length. DeBevoise concludes that the market has become the ‘tactical way out of a complicated political cul-de-sac’ (p. 221) for experimental art. Moreover, the market contributed to the decentralization of state control over art production. While not dismissing the merits of this book, I have one reservation. As the investigation is limited primarily to a few conspicuous examples, Between State and Market does not achieve its goal of mapping out the commercial infrastructure for contemporary art in China. It is not sufficient to refer only to one art fair and a few exhibitions outside mainland China. The growth of local galleries in mainland China should also be charted.
11 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors trace the institutional development of environmental regulation in urban China, using data from three rounds of surveys of enforcement officials in the Guangzhou Environmental Protecting Association (GAPEA).
Abstract: This article traces the institutional development of environmental regulation in urban China, using data from three rounds of surveys of enforcement officials in the Guangzhou Environmental Protect...
TL;DR: This article explored folk beliefs and practices in a state-run orphanage (such as philanthropists' activities, which they related to accumulation of karmic merits, childcare workers' discourses, conduct associated with predestined relationships and baby ghosts), and the impact of folk belief and practices on the working of the state apparatus.
Abstract: The religious sector in contemporary China is often portrayed as resisting or negotiating with an interventionist state in order to survive or protect its autonomy. This article, however, shows how it enters the state sphere and imbues the presumed state agents. By exploring folk beliefs and practices in a state-run orphanage (such as philanthropists’ activities, which they related to accumulation of karmic merits, childcare workers’ discourses, conduct associated with predestined relationships and baby ghosts, and institution officials’ preoccupation with palmistry, fortune telling and karmic retribution), and the impact of folk belief and practices on the working of the state apparatus, this study aims to enrich current scholarship by looking at state–religion interactions beyond the religious sphere and also reversing the image of Chinese religions as merely passive or reactive actors.
TL;DR: In the last five years, China has passed new regulations and formulated new policies to target urban smog as mentioned in this paper, and several cities have sought to improve their public transportation systems to improve air quality.
Abstract: In the last five years China has passed new regulations and formulated new policies to target urban smog. Accordingly, several cities have sought to improve their public transportation systems to r...
TL;DR: The authors argued that the application of international law to questions of maritime sovereignty and jurisdiction is itself partly discursive and creates ambiguities which inform maritime disputes between key states in East Asia.
Abstract: This article examines discourses around China’s maritime disputes. It adopts an English School approach to international order, making use of institutions governing relations between states which are themselves discursive in nature. The article argues that discourse is a particularly important factor in maritime disputes given the ambiguities resulting from historical and ongoing changes in conceptions of maritime space and sovereignty. Further, although these changes have led the institution of international law to play a growing role in questions of maritime sovereignty and jurisdiction, the article argues that the application of these legal frameworks is itself partly discursive and creates ambiguities which inform maritime disputes between key states in East Asia. The article then considers an example of discursive contestation by examining the use of freedom of navigation in the positions taken and practised by the United States and their role in US–China maritime dynamics. It concludes by suggesting...
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors discussed the content and context of China's recent sentencing reform and its social, political, and criminal justice implications, as well as its limitations, and examined the sentencing process should be completely separate from the trial process.
Abstract: This article discusses in detail the content and context of China’s recent sentencing reform and its social, political, and criminal justice implications, as well as its limitations The focus of China’s criminal justice reforms over the past 37 years has been predominantly on the trial process; the sentencing process has been largely neglected Revelations of widespread sentencing inconsistency led the Supreme People’s Court (SPC) to initiate sentencing reform in 2005 The intent of the reform was to promote transparency in the sentencing process, ensure consistency in sentencing dispositions, and guard against inappropriate judicial leniency and severity via new sentencing procedural rules and guidelines limiting judges’ sentencing discretion In addition to discussing the new sentencing procedures and guidelines, this article also examines some hotly debated issues, including whether China’s sentencing process should be completely separate from the trial process; the meaning of ‘sentencing consistency’
TL;DR: The Senkaku Shoto/Diaoyu Islands dispute in the East China Sea and the Okinotorishima Dispute in the western Pacific are currently among the most prominent maritime disagreements between Japan and...
Abstract: The Senkaku Shoto/Diaoyu Islands dispute in the East China Sea and the Okinotorishima dispute in the western Pacific are currently among the most prominent maritime disagreements between Japan and ...