Showing papers in "Clinical Nutrition in 2001"

TL;DR: A protocol is presented which is in current use by the ERAS Group and may provide a standard of care against which either current or future novel elements of an enhanced recovery approach can be tested for their effect on outcome.

TL;DR: To solve the problems highlighted, a combined 'team-effort' is needed from national authorities and all staff involved in the nutritional care and support, including hospital managers.

TL;DR: The purpose of this talk was to call the attention of the audience to these derangements, with a special emphasis on the alterations of body albumin distribution associated with extracellular water expansion.

TL;DR: The food frequency questionnaire and the structured 72-h recall provide valid estimates of nutrient intake and could be used for dietary assessments.

TL;DR: Fuid intakes in this patient group are insufficient to achieve requirements and hospital staff must ensure adequate fluid intakes in patients at risk of dehydration, which should include both an adequate prescription and provision of supplementary fluids.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated whether enteral feeding containing soluble partially hydrolyzed guar decreased the incidence of diarrhea in a cohort of non-critically ill medicosurgical patients.

TL;DR: Inadequate knowledge and suboptimal prescribing of fluid and electrolytes is common and basic patient management skill needs improvement, with particular emphasis on the practical aspects of responsibility for prescribing.

TL;DR: In a selected group of non-acute patients, the use of PEG wasassociated with improved survival, was better tolerated by the patient and was associated with a lower incidence of aspiration.

TL;DR: HPN impair complete rehabilitation status but may improve the status of patients who had a very low rehabilitation score before starting HPN, who could face the option of intestinal transplantation in the future.

TL;DR: There is a good case for the serious consideration of the use of targeted amino acid supplements appropriate to the nature of different chronic conditions, and decisions as to whether specific amino acid supplementation of the stressed patient will be beneficial should consider three crucial questions.

TL;DR: Evaluating the effect of C18 and C20 long chain fatty acids on tight junction permeability in a model of intestinal epithelium found EPA affects tight junction porousness in intestinal monolayer cells specifically and concentration dependently via cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenases products.

TL;DR: IGF-1 represents a biochemical marker of malnutrition and a sensitive index of nutritional repletion in patients with eating disorders and it was found that a prompt and marked increase of IGF-1 was observed in patients who entered a refeeding program.

TL;DR: It is suggested that 8 weeks of treatment with oral glutamine and a HCLF diet does not significantly improve intestinal morphology, gastrointestinal transit, D-xylose absorption and stool losses in short bowel patients.

TL;DR: By combining regimens ranging from a regular hospital diet to total parenteral nutrition, food can constitute about 60% of total nutrient intake in at risk patients and further significant loss of body weight can be avoided.

TL;DR: HN regulation preceded HEN regulation by 10-20 years, despite different policies, funding is relatively uniform, NHS supporting most of the expenses for HAN.

TL;DR: All-in-one mixtures composed of either soybean oil alone or in combination with safflower oil are less stable than those mixed with either MCT or olive oil which also contain sodium oleate that can act as co-emulsifying agent.

TL;DR: Preliminary data suggest that when the carbohydrates are given as a beverage 2–3 hours before the operation, well being is improved pre- and postoperatively, and length of stay is reduced by about 20% by preoperative carbohydrate compared with surgery in the overnight fasted state.

TL;DR: TBW measurements obtained using the single frequency BIA device were more accurate than those obtaining using the dual frequency Bia device, and dual frequencyBIA provided a reasonably accurate estimate of ECW.

TL;DR: There is a lack of awareness about its clinical significance, which should be recognised and prevented in order to optimise nutritional and pharmacological therapeutic goals of safety and efficacy.

TL;DR: The degree of correlation between maternal diet andPUFAs milk content increases throughout milk maturational process and reaches significance only in mature milk, which would imply that advancing lactation, milk PUFAs provision sources gradually shift from adipose tissue catabolism to maternal diet.

TL;DR: It is proposed that treatment modalities in clinical nutrition should primarily aim at improving muscle function and restoring muscle membrane potential and that these variables should be used as the primary outcome variables of clinical trials.

TL;DR: Paradoxically, however, a better long-term strategy for mood enhancement may be to totally eliminate added sucrose and caffeine from the diet of depressed individuals.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH), glutamine (Gln), and simultaneous treatment with rhGH and Gln in rats subjected to 75% intestinal resection and maintained with parenteral nutrition (PN) for 6 days were compared.

TL;DR: Administration of a structured triglycerides emulsion resulted in an amelioration of nitrogen balance despite no effect on energy expenditure in short term administration over 3 days to ICU patients when compared to a long chain triglyceride emulsion.

TL;DR: Using biochemical markers in the acute postoperative situation to assess nutritional status is not recommended, and the intervention had no impact on anthropometric or biochemical variables.

TL;DR: The GLY-GLN induced preservation of HLA-DR on monocytes following surgery may prevent infectious complications in patients with major abdominal surgery, and is the first study comparing the dipeptides GLY/GLN and ALA/ALA in the postoperative setting.

TL;DR: Evidence is provided which links low serum albumin concentrations with clinical outcomes during the hospital stay and immediately following discharge, and that nutritional supplementation started one week as opposed to immediately following acute illness, and continued during the convalescent period, can improve serumalbumin concentrations during theospital stay.

TL;DR: A more 'pharmaceutical approach' to nutrition is advocated in order to perform more proper studies on the potential effectiveness of this treatment modality.

TL;DR: A prime role is suggested for the assessment of dietary intake and FFM, as assessed by DXA, as indicators of short-term efficacy of refeeding in moderately malnourished geriatric patients.