Showing papers in "Cognitive Psychology in 1983"

TL;DR: This paper showed that if two prior analogs were given, subjects often derived a problem schema as an incidental product of describing the similarities of the analogs, and the quality of the induced schema was highly predictive of subsequent transfer performance.

TL;DR: It is proposed that central pattern masking has little effect on visual processing itself (while peripheral energy masking does), but affects availability of records of the results of those processes to consciousness, casting doubt on the paradigm assumption that representations yielded by perceptual analysis are identical to and directly reflected by phenomenal percepts.

TL;DR: An approach to the relationships between conscious perception and nonconscious perceptual processes is outlined, which is the rejection of the assumption that phenomenal experience is identical to or is a direct reflection of representations yielded by perceptual processes.

TL;DR: A structural aspect of personal memories was examined in four studies as discussed by the authors, and the existence of observer and field memories was confirmed in Study 1, using a recall questionnaire, and the similarity structure of a specified set of eight to-be-recalled situations was established: the significant dimensions were emotionality and self-awareness.

TL;DR: Findings do not support the thesis that object perception first arises as a consequence of a tendency to perceive the simplest, most regular configuration, or the Piagetian thesis thatobject perception depends on the prior coordination of action.

TL;DR: Three experiments investigated 3- to 5-year-old children's ability to distinguish between and correctly identify real versus apparent object properties, object identities, object presence-absence, and action identities and suggested that young children's problems with the appearance-reality distinction may be partly due to a specific metacognitive limitation.

TL;DR: In this paper, two lines of research are combined to deal with a long-standing problem in both fields: why the performance structures of sentences (structures based on experimental data, such as pausing and parsing values) are not fully accountable for by linguistic theories of phrase structure.

TL;DR: Three experiments examined the effect of context on the representativeness ordering of exemplars of a category by employing an online reading time paradigm and a membership verification paradigm, demonstrating that context can change the relation between a category term and an exemplar at the time of comprehension.

TL;DR: In this article, a taxonomy of kinds of environmental scenes, where perceived attributes are obtained as a byproduct, is presented, based on measures of cognition, behavior, and communication.

TL;DR: In this article, a psycholinguistically based conception of the relation among context, categorization, and memory is tested by examining what happens to people's memory of an object when the object is initially categorized in terms of the context in which it appears, but, when the objects is later recalled, this context is no longer salient.

TL;DR: Results indicate that detection of automatic targets depends on the allocation of spatial attention to the target's area, which is higher in conditions allowing attention to be shared than when it had to be divided between separate areas.

TL;DR: The experiments reported here investigated whether second-generation congenitally deaf readers use any analogous recoding strategy, and suggest that these deaf subjects as a group do not recode into articulation or fingerspelling, but do Recode into sign.

TL;DR: A repeated listening procedure was designed to monitor changes in listener's appreciation of thematic categories in musical compositions, and it is hoped it will foster more naturalistic approaches to musical cognition.

TL;DR: Four experiments showing that orientational transformations which aligned different axes with the vertical severely disrupted the matching of shapes with an ambiguous model axis are interpreted in favor of a computational approach to vision in which shapes are internally represented by description relative to a perceptual reference frame.

TL;DR: A study of the appearance-reality distinction in American 3-to-5-year-olds was replicated with Chinese 3- to 5-year olds as discussed by the authors, and the error patterns, age changes, and absolute levels of performance were similar in the two samples.

TL;DR: A series of experiments provides evidence that people can store and use both viewer-centered and object-centered representations of three-dimensional objects.