Showing papers in "Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology in 1971"

TL;DR: It is concluded that swimming goldfish use red and white muscle fibres simultaneously, and efficiency appeared to increase with increasing swimming speeds, according to E = 0·031 V 1·65, and to be linearly related to the force exerted by the propulsion muscles.

TL;DR: Oxygen consumption by Arctica islandica was dependent on oxygen tension and Laevicardium crassum and Mytilus edulis was independent of oxygen tension above a certain critical tension, while larger individuals were less dependent onoxy tension than smaller individuals.

TL;DR: In this paper, it is suggested that regulation of oxygen consumption at reduced oxygen tension is based on control of the ventilation: perfusion ratio, and that at low pO2 ventilation rate and heart frequency decreased, with increased amplitude of heart beat.

TL;DR: Peruvian penguins displayed a wide thermoneutral zone, and thermal conductance was computed as 0·81 kcal/m 2 × °C × hr; compared to values for other species of similar weight compiled from the literature, this suggests adaptation to cool conditions.

TL;DR: A new classification of chemical effectors of feeding behavior is proposed with distribution of the compound within the plant kingdom being the most important factor.

TL;DR: Differences in the pools of the various mussels studied seem to account for the differences in salinity tolerance, and the amino acid pool is a likely source of solute for the volume regulating response.

TL;DR: In normothermia, body temperature of T. striatus was 36 to 40·3°C at an ambient temperature range of −7 and 32°C and during torpor, minimum heart rate and oxygen were 8·3–23% and 1·6–33% of normothermic values for comparable Ta.

TL;DR: The rate of urea excretion by goldfish was dependent on the 24-hr experimental ammonia levels but was not affected by the concentration of ambient ammonia during acclimation or the duration of acclimations.

TL;DR: There is a marked discrepancy between calculated curves for membrane potential changes in time and the experimental results: the membrane repolarizes more than predicted and there is anomalous rectification for K + flux.

TL;DR: Intrasomatic recordings were made from nerve cell bodies in the central ganglia of the cockroach and locust and the electrical excitability of the cell bodies was tested and all the cells had bifurcating axons which innervated both sides of the ganglion.

TL;DR: Olfactory receptors of the white catfish Ictalurus catus (Linn.) are extremely sensitive to the simple amino acids, and Amino acids or peptides appear to play an important role in fish olfactory behavior.

TL;DR: The activity of both intertidal and subtidal species of Modiolus, as measured by valve movements, was reduced when the animals were exposed to either a high or a low salinity.

TL;DR: The Na+-K+ ATPase of the gill seems to be localized mainly in the chloride cell and to be involved in the salt excretion of eels in sea water.

TL;DR: In response to slowly induced hypoxia the unanaesthetized dogfish showed a significant reduction in heart rate as the PI O2 fell below 70 mm Hg, however, heart rate increased to a value characteistic of that PI, O2.

TL;DR: In this paper, the energy metabolism and comparative body water turnover rates of two species of kangaroo rats were measured in the natural environment over a 1-yr period with the D 2 18 O method.

TL;DR: The experiments revealed that little or no erythrocyte synthesis takes place in response to hypoxia, and it is proposed that intravenous ascorbic acid tends to reduce methemoglobin.

TL;DR: The O 2 and CO 2 permeability of the eel Swimbladder is about one-tenth of values reported for connective tissue, and the impermeability resides principally in the silvery outer layer of the swimbladder.

TL;DR: A number of avian species was examined histologically for the occurrence of brown adipose tissue, including a variety of adult and neonate hummingbirds, swifts, goatsuckers and a vulture.

TL;DR: The burrow of the desert tortoise provides the only ambient temperatures at ground level which are below the lethal range for this species during midday hours, which results in lower body temperatures at the onset of morning activity and permits a longer surface activity period in the face of rising ambient temperatures.

TL;DR: Standard metabolism in subtropical representatives of this species bears a direct exponential relationship to temperature, resulting in essentially a straight line in a semi-log plot, which is interpreted as an instantaneous temperature-dependent mechanism of temperature compensation.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that during ventricular systole, dorsal pericardial pressure increases (from 9 cm water to 13 cm) while ventricular pressure also rises (from 0 cm to 14 cm).

TL;DR: The distribution of biogenic amines in Schistosoma mansoni was studied by the use of the histochemical fluorescence technique of Falck & Owman (1965) as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: Attainment of homeothermy thus represents decreasing rates of evaporation, especially from the skin, and increasing rates of metabolic heat production.

TL;DR: The heart rate is similar to that of crabs in water at that temperature which suggests that C. maenas is able to maintain aerobic metabolism by air-breathing during the intertidal period.

TL;DR: Sodium, potassium, calcium and protein concentrations were determined throughout the molt cycle of Penaeus duorarum, finding that sodium, potassium and calcium concentrations are greatest at molting and fall to a relatively stable level during the intermolt period.

TL;DR: A correlation between ability to hibernate and whole brain serotonin levels is shown in three species of ground squirrel and in C. tereticaudus there is a significant difference in wholebrain serotonin levels between males and females, which fits the fact that the sexes do hibernates in a different behavioral pattern.

TL;DR: It is believed that skipjack tuna regulate their body temperature over an ambient temperature range of about 25–34°C, similar to that observed in ocean-caught fish.

TL;DR: It is concluded that behavioral responses solely to temperature can account for body temperatures of bullfrogs observed in nature.

TL;DR: Values for supercooling of the whole animal form a significant regression between the super Cooling of fresh water and of sea water and the minimum amount ofsupercooling expected both for blood and intact animals corresponds to the Minimum amount of supercooled observed in natural surface fresh water.

TL;DR: Heart recordings of Isognomum under natural and laboratory conditions in the tropics, showed no regular pattern of variation of rate and during exposure to air the heart rate was dependent on temperature, even in direct tropical sunlight, for the valves remained open.