Showing papers in "Design Studies in 1997"

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined what information architects think of and read off from their own freehand sketches, and revealed how they perceptually interact with and benefit from sketches in early design processes.

TL;DR: In this paper, an example of a "creative leap" occurs during a recorded study of the activity of a small design team and the characteristics and context of this creative leap are reconstructed from the recorded material.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide a review of key publications by industrial and academic researchers relating to the management of engineering change, together with an analysis of currently funded EPSRC contracts, showing that engineering change is predominantly seen as a problem rather than an opportunity.

TL;DR: A semantic recognition and rule-oriented approach for developing a product design is proposed, using the development of an office chair and a number of referential products to quantify partial correlation coefficients.

TL;DR: A modified description of representations in the design problem space is proposed, with the purpose of getting a handle on indeterministic processes that are typical of the front edge of designing.

TL;DR: A character is a coherent set of characteristics and attributes that apply to appearance and behaviour alike, cutting across different functions, situations and value systems—esthetical, technical, ethical—providing support for anticipation, interpretation and interaction.

TL;DR: In order to both research the subject and to realize the benefits of introducing CAD, it has been necessary to define industrial design more closely and to understand its context as mentioned in this paper, and progress has been made in the development of effective CAD support techniques for automotive styling.

TL;DR: To better conceive this essential relation between designers, products and users, large-scale research on product use is needed and better ways of broadening participation in the design process itself are developed.

TL;DR: The main concepts of the model, multiple representation and re-representation, are shown to provide a powerful basis for the understanding of creative behavior in design.

TL;DR: It is suggested that, at least until design conversations are better understood, the authors should concentrate less on pictures and more on words in design conversations.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examine some aspects of the planning and practice of multidisciplinary team-based design project work at undergraduate level, based on a survey conducted in the UK for The Royal Academy of Engineering and The Design Council.

TL;DR: A ‘style description framework’ is presented for the analysis of style as it is exhibited by objects, artifacts and, particularly, products, which equips a designer with both the ability to analyse existing styles and to describe new styles for target markets.

TL;DR: In this paper, behavioural and physiological experiments to analsye the development, influence and application of experience during design problem solving are described, and the results of the behavioural experiments show, that while novices try to solve assignments through deductive reasoning, experts prefer to apply their experience directly.

TL;DR: The role of criteria in design is discussed and a criteria-based modelling approach to interactive system design is proposed in this paper, which draws upon results from design research and studies of creativity.

TL;DR: The domains of architectural design and film theory may form a background for the consideration of possible metaphors for the design of virtual environments (VEs), and two directions towards informing VE design by means of theoretical and practical architectural design knowledge are presented.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors demonstrate how an integration of comparative floorplan analysis and post-occupancy evaluation may contribute to more soundly based solutions in programming and architectural design, by comparing a wide range of building layouts for similar organizations one may achieve a good understanding of the ways in which goals and values can be expressed in spatial solutions.

TL;DR: The results demonstrate that the course of the design process in general and the use of marks-on-paper in particular depend on an individual designer's style of problem solving.

TL;DR: In this article, a framework for design in which judgements are made in three knowledge domains; the formative, the commercial and the instrumental, is presented, with a broad strategy for teaching design in engineering courses.

TL;DR: The major sources of our intrigue with creativity are identified, and some of the basic presupoositions about creativity presented by cognitive science are opened to question as discussed by the authors, and the major challenge comes from pragmatic and hermeneutical concepts of thought and interpretation.

TL;DR: In this paper, three current trends in information technology and telecommunications: convergence of products, miniaturization and the use of networks are discussed and summarised in an Abridged Life Cycle Assessment matrix.

TL;DR: A unifying methodological basis for studying and describing design is proposed and two complementary forms of description are presented, which respect the inseparability of conceiving and evaluating possible design solutions, the process of designing, and the justification of design proposals.

TL;DR: Findings from an extensive study of the users of a Computer-Aided Drafting (CAD) system suggest that the CAD system is used inefficiently, because users approach computer-aided drafting from a T-square metaphor reflecting their past experience with traditional drawing media.

TL;DR: In this paper, an empirical investigation showed that although prior professional experience is helpful in understanding design theory, there is no significant difference between design experience and other types of professional experience, indicating support for a broad, interdisciplinary understanding of design.

TL;DR: It is shown that within this framework a modal logic of design rationalization can be formally defined in terms of quantification over a universe of discourse of ‘relevant points of view’.

TL;DR: A methodology for analysing design oriented dialogues and a typology of question and response types for implementing a question-answering facility for design are presented.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a design program which requires a considered response to municipal design controls, which is a useful preparation for practice in which architects' designs are routinely required to withstand scrutiny in design review procedures.