Showing papers in "DNA Repair in 2022"

TL;DR: Fuchs et al. as discussed by the authors showed that double-strand break formation is caused by an encounter between MMR-induced gaps initiated at alkylation induced O6-mG:C sites and BER-induced nicks at nearby N-alkylation adducts in the opposite strand.

TL;DR: In this article , the authors used sequence-capture data from the recent Quattrini et al. 2020 study [Nature Ecology & Evolution 4:1531-1538] to assemble complete mt-genomes for 94 species of octocorals.

TL;DR: In this paper , the authors show that sp1, which regulates double-strand break (DSB) repair pathway choice through localization of 53BP1, is sumoylated at Lys16 following DNA damage; sp1 sumoylation is required for its degradation and the removal of both Sp1 and 53BP 1 from DSB sites.

TL;DR: In this article , the authors investigated whether excess body weight as a physiological factor and vital exhaustion as a psychological factor would be associated with basal levels of DNA damage as well as DNA repair capacity.

TL;DR: In this paper , the authors investigated the effect of miR-197-5p and Doxorubicin (Dox) on the anti-malignancy of soft tissue sarcoma.

TL;DR: In this article , a new phenomenon of transcription-coupled DNA double-strand break repair was found, where DNA doublestrand breaks were found to be repaired faster at the active gene in comparison to its inactive state or the inactive gene.

TL;DR: In this paper , the HPF1/PARP1-mediated ADPr signaling pathway in DNA damage is explored. But the authors focus on the mechanistic steps leading to Serine-ADPr and its relevance in the DNA damage response.

TL;DR: In this paper , the role of PTMs in fine-tuning the intricate and multilayered regulatory processes of TDP1 and TDP2 molecular networks for the repair of trapped Topcc.

TL;DR: In this article , the authors performed quantitative mass spectrometry-based proteomics and phosphoproteomics experiments, using mouse embryonic stem cells, at 0.5 h and 4 h after exposure to low doses (LD) and high doses (HD; 1 Gy) of ionizing radiation.

TL;DR: In this article , a shuttle plasmid carrying 8-oxo-7,8,8-dihydroguanine (G°, 8-hydroxyguanine) was introduced into human U2OS cells, and the action-at-a-distance mutations became more frequent than the targeted transversions when the amount of Werner syndrome (WRN) protein is decreased.

TL;DR: In this article , the authors show that following UV-irradiation, human Ubiquitin-associated protein 2 (UBAP2) or its paralogue UBAP2-like (ubAP2L) are involved in the ubiquitylation and degradation of RNAPII through the recruitment of Elongin-Cul5 ubiquitin ligase.

TL;DR: In this paper , a genomic analysis of P. mirabilis genomes showed that this species often does not carry pol V-encoding genes in its chromosome, which are responsible for SOS mutagenesis in other bacteria, and the highly active umuDC homologs rumAB are carried in the mobile integrative conjugative elements (ICEs) from the SXT/R391 family.

TL;DR: A review of the role of histone variants in DNA repair can be found in this paper , where the authors provide an overview of the current understanding of the roles played by DNA repair, especially in mammalian cells.

TL;DR: In this article , the authors investigated the fidelity of human DNA polymerases delta (δ4, four-subunit), eta (η), and kappa (κ) during synthesis of G4 motifs representing those in the human genome.

TL;DR: In this paper , the authors investigated the circumstances of Ap-ICL formation, the rates of formation and the yields, and the stability of ap-ICLs with an array of different oligos, and they found that different bases in the vicinity of the Ap site change crosslink formation in vitro.

TL;DR: In this article , the authors present an overview of H3K36me3 regulation and the roles of its writers, readers and erasers in maintaining genome stability through facilitating DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair, checkpoint signalling and replication stress responses.

TL;DR: In this paper , the authors comprehensively introduce DSB repair pathways being used by male germ cells during spermatogenesis and discuss the potential relationship between dysfunction in these pathways and male infertility development.

TL;DR: In this article , it was shown that the C-terminal domain of ROS1 may function as a histone reader module involved in recruitment of the DNA demethylase activity to specific genomic regions.

TL;DR: The DNA Polymerase θ is the key actuator of the recently identified double-strand break repair pathway, theta-mediated end joining (TMEJ) as discussed by the authors .

TL;DR: In this paper , the consequences of impaired functioning of the CMG complex for the division labor between DNA polymerases on the two replicating strands are analyzed and the results imply that the division of labor between the two main replicases can be severely influenced by a defective nonpolymerase subunit of the replisome.

TL;DR: In this article , the highly conserved C-terminal region (CTR) of Nej1 (330-338) was found to be essential for end-joining and end-bridging.

TL;DR: In this article , the histone variant H3.3 and double-variant H2A.3 were investigated for the excision of uracil lesions by DNA base excision repair (BER) enzymes.

TL;DR: In this paper , the influence of O-GlcNAcylation on chromosomal break repair was examined using a set of DNA double strand break (DSB) reporter assays, and it was found that the depletion of OGT and its inhibition with a small molecule each caused a reduction in repair pathways that involve use of homology: RAD51-dependent homology-directed repair (HDR), and single strand annealing.

TL;DR: In this article , Wwox-deficient cells showed immediate DNA end-resection at DSBs following ionizing radiation (IR) treatment, abrogating initial repair by the expected nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) pathway.

TL;DR: In this paper , a review highlights recent findings that demonstrate how BER is regulated by the packaging of DNA into nucleosome core particles (NCPs) and higher orders of chromatin structures, and summarizes the available data that indicate BER may be enabled by chromatin modifications and remodeling.

TL;DR: In this paper , the authors discuss the contribution of the NuA4/TIP60 histone acetyltransferase/chromatin remodeling complex during DSBs repair, and how they regulate chromatin dynamics, modify non-histone substrates to allow DNA end resection and recombination.

TL;DR: In this article , the authors examined the incorporation of 5',8-cyclo-2'-deoxyadenosine (cdA) by human DNA repair polymerases, and determined the efficiency of cdA incorporation by the polymerases using steady-state kinetics.

TL;DR: In this article , the authors discuss advances in the state of our knowledge of the RAD52 structure, activities and cellular functions, with a specific focus on the features that make RAD52 an attractive, but difficult drug target.

TL;DR: In this article , the TOPBP1/PARP1 pathway facilitates the acquisition of oxaliplatin resistance in gastric cancer and reveals a novel mechanism underlying platinum-based chemotherapy resistance.