Showing papers in "Enzyme and Microbial Technology in 1985"

TL;DR: The work carried out at the Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, on the development of a large-scale solid state fermenter, comparative cost estimation of SSF and submerged fermentation as well as development of know-how for production of a variety of food enzymes, has led to the commercial exploitation of the technology by industry as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: A mathematical model takes into account the composition of the cellulase complex, the structural complexity of cellulose, the inhibition by reaction products, the inactivation of enzymes in the course of the enzymatic hydrolysis and describes the kinetics of d -glucose and cellobiose formation from cellulose.

TL;DR: Results are consistent with the hypothesis that the ligninolytic system is involved in degradation, and destruction of [U-14C]Aroclor 1254 was confirmed by the disappearance of the gas chromatographic peaks (Hall detector, halogen mode) of chlorinated biphenyls and by the calculation of a mass balance.

TL;DR: A series-type enzyme deactivation model involving an active enzyme precursor and a final enzyme state with possible non-zero activity is proposed to categorize enzyme de activation curves.

TL;DR: A comparison between the 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) and alkaline copper methods of assaying for reducing sugars released during the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose by culture filtrates from Trichoderma harzianum E58.1.

TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that it is possible to remove pentachlorophenol (PCP) from a variety of contaminated soils, including actual waste-dump soils, by inoculating such soils with cells of a PCP-degrading Flavobacterium.

TL;DR: It is concluded that immobilized Scenedesmus microalgae can grow well within gel beads and that they are as physiologically active for wastewater nutrient removal as free cells.

TL;DR: The mass culture of microalgae has been explored over the past 35 years for the production of food, fuels and chemicals, as well as for waste treatment and gas exchange as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: Maximum enzymatic activity was shown to correspond to suboptimal conditions of cellulosome adsorption to cellulose, suggesting that previous data accumulated for the crude cellulase system in C. thermocellum essentially reflect the contribution of the cellulosomes.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the mass transfer limitations of mass transfer in the case of immobilized whole cells for fermentation and showed that they can be used to bring the understanding of heterogeneous catalysis.

TL;DR: The l -methionine γ-lyase shows potent anti-neoplastic activity and is applicable to the synthesis of various optically active sulphur and selenium amino acids, preparation of deuterium or tritium labelled l -amino acids, and determination of sulphur amino acids.

TL;DR: Two endo-1,4-β- d -xylanases from Trichoderma harzianum E58 have been purified by ultrafiltration and chromatography on carboxymethyl-Sepharose, phenyl-SepHarose and Sephadex G-75 and shown to be homogeneous by the criteria of dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing.

TL;DR: Agar at 2% concentration was found to be a better gel than polyacrylamide in its effectiveness to entrap the bacterial cells to carry out batch fermentation up to three repeat runs.

TL;DR: The mechanisms by which p -benzoquinone brings about the activation of a metal oxide surface and subsequent coupling of an enzyme has been investigated in this article, where indium-tin oxide (ITO)coated glass plates were derivatized with an aminosilane and then activated with p-benzo-quinone.

TL;DR: In this paper, a phase system composed of PEG 600, 8% (w/w), PEG 3350, 5% ( w/w)/Dextran T 500, 2% w.r.t.

TL;DR: In this paper, a gas-liquid chromatography method was used for the rapid screening of 11 strains with regard to stereospecific formation of 1,2-epoxypropane from propene and 3-chloro-1-propene.

TL;DR: In this paper, a comparative study has been conducted on seven white rot fungi to investigate their abilities to produce laccase and selectively degrade lignin, showing that laccases were produced constitutively on the different media tested.

TL;DR: Cell leakage from the matrix was closely related to cell growth within the matrix, and leakage of cells from calcium alginate beads stocked with 1–16% cells was little different.

TL;DR: A stable system for continuous production of acetone and butanol from Clostridium acetobutylicum adsorbed to beechwood shavings has been developed and could be operated with maintained activity and very low cell leakage for weeks.

TL;DR: The major components of cellulase and d-xylanase complexes have been immobilized on glass beads activated by 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane or 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxisilane to spread their optimum pH range and the major reaction products were identified as a d-glucose andd-xylose respectively.

TL;DR: The affinity extraction step can easily be scaled up and the good recovery of ligand-poly(ethylene glycol) should make the process useful for larger amounts of enzyme.

TL;DR: A biofuel cell anode has been made from a modified graphite electrode and immobilized d -glucose dehydrogenase [β- d -gluconic acid:NAD(P)+ 1-oxidoreductase, EC 1114 7] so that energy could be drawn from the conversion of d-glucoses to d-glu conic acid as mentioned in this paper, where an equivalent amount of dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) was formed from NAD+ and reduced the surface groups of the modified

TL;DR: In this article, the cellulase complex was reviewed under qualitative or quantitative headings, with emphasis on recent methods of analysis, and appropriate substrates were considered for the constituent enzymes of the complex in the light of physical constraints on hydrolysis.

TL;DR: The production of single-cell protein from lignocellulosic materials needs four steps: physical and chemical pretreatments; cellulase production; enzymatic hydrolysis; and assimilation or fermentation of holo cellulose.

TL;DR: The interesterification activity of immobilized preparations was enhanced by the use of higher concentrations of the crude lipase or, more substantially, by admixture of purified lipase.

TL;DR: Flow injection analysis has been employed to automate enzyme assays for formate dehydrogenase (FDH) and l -leucine dehydrogenases ( l -LeuDH) to monitor on-line downstream processes, e.g. disintegration of microbial cells and cross-flow filtration of cell homogenates.

TL;DR: The fractionation of culture filtrate of Penicillium funiculosum grown on cellulose Powder or in a combination of cellulose powder and wheat bran indicated the presence of two d -xylanases, which markedly influenced the degree of hydrolysis of d-xylan.

TL;DR: Aspergillus fumigatus IMI 255091 has been found to grow well on ground straw as the principal substrate and its production was found to differ from that of other β - d -glucosidases reported in the literature.

TL;DR: Free and immobilized cells showed fairly stable activities between pH 4 and 7, but free cell inulinase was more labile at pH values below 4 and above 7 compared to the immobilized form, and the thermal stability of the enzyme was improved by immobilization.

TL;DR: High concentrations of cholic acid were completely and specifically transformed into the 12-keto derivative using amounts of cofactor about 1600 times lower on a molar basis and the immobilized enzymes maintained ∼70% of the initial activity after 2 months of continuous use.