Showing papers in "Enzyme and Microbial Technology in 1987"

TL;DR: The present approach to biomass estimation does not suffer significant interference from non-cellular particulate matter and retains its linearity at volume fractions two orders of magnitude greater than those at which the Beer-Lambert law fails.

TL;DR: A review of the recent literature in the area of cellular immobilization covers applications ranging from wastewater treatment to the production of therapeutics, and new immobilization materials, several different bioreactor concepts and the properties of many specific systems are discussed.

TL;DR: Isolation and characterization of ethanol tolerant strains may provide a better understanding of ethanol tolerance, and suggest that a number of different genes are likely to be involved in the ethanol tolerance mechanism.

TL;DR: The Pachysolen tannophilus was the first yeast discovered capable of significant ethanol production from xylose and has served as a model for studies of other yeasts mediating this conversion.

TL;DR: Ligninase production by Phanerochaete chrysosporium INA-12 was increased and fermentation time for maximum activity was reduced in presence of exogenous oleic acid emulsified with Tween 80, results showed.

TL;DR: Survival kinetics of lactic acid starter cultures were modeled and Streptococcus thermophilus was found to be more resistant to freeze-drying conditions than Lactobacillus bulgaricus.

TL;DR: It is shown that a regime analysis based on characteristic times can give a quick estimation of the performance of bioreactors and small-scale experiments based on the result of such analysis or on the results of a dimensional analysis can give valuable information for scale-up or optimization fermentation processes.

TL;DR: The mode of action and some properties of the newly discovered fungal enzyme α-glucuronidase are described, which acts synergistically with xylanases and liberates 4-O-methylglucuronic acid from 4-Methyl-α-d- glucopyranosyluronic Acid-substituted xylooligomers.

TL;DR: The soluble form of silver is the most inhibitory to bacteria, however, this toxicity can be reduced by complexation with phosphates, sulphides and chloride.

TL;DR: Crude culture filtrates concentrated by membrane ultrafiltration could effectively hydrolyse xylan and steam-exploded aspenwood hemicellulose to release near theoretical yields of low molecular weight pentose oligomers.

TL;DR: Cells of Clostridium acetobutylicum were immobilized by adsorption onto bonechar and used in a packed bed reactor for the continuous production of solvents from whey permeate and high concentrations of lactose favored solventogenesis, while low concentrations favored acidogenesis.

TL;DR: In this article, a review summarizes results of more than 70 papers using heat shock (hs) genes and corresponding fusion constructs for transformation of homologous and heterologous cells.

TL;DR: The results showed that a differential response in the production of the activities was produced, suggesting that galacturonic acid participates in the induction of pectinolytic activities of Aspergillus sp.

TL;DR: The pH at which the fermentation was controlled appeared to be the critical parameter for batch growth of mixed cultures of Trichoderma reesei Rut C30 and Aspergillus phoenicis.

TL;DR: In this paper, cells of Clostridium acetobutylicum were immobilized by adsorption onto bonechar, and used in a two-stage continuous reactor for solvent production from whey permeate.

TL;DR: Turbidimetric measurements and phase contrast microscopy demonstrated differences between endoglucanase and cellobiohydrolase behaviour during the hydrolysis of purified cellulose (Solka Floc BW-40).

TL;DR: It was found that the production of enzymes was strongly affected by water activity of substrate and nature of a w depressor used, and it was observed that sorbitol improved the thermal stability of polygalacturonase and d -xylanase.

TL;DR: The immobilization of whole cells is a technique that can be used in several production processes, among them alcoholic fermentation, by concentrating an active cell biomass in a bioreactor, as does the reactor productivity which results in the reduction of the reactor size for a given production rate.

TL;DR: The productivity of cellulase by mutant NTG III/6 is comparable to that produced by the best mutant isolated from the extensively studied Trichoderma reesei: the yield of β-glucosidase by P. pinophilum is much higher than that of T.Reesei.

TL;DR: The feasibility of using reversed micelles as a bioseparation tool has been demonstrated by following the activities and recoveries of three different dehydrogenases from Azotobacter vinelandii.

TL;DR: A culture of Catharanthus roseus has been developed that is capable of growth-linked serpentine formation, but the reason for this loss of alkaloid formation does not appear to be associated with either bioreactor type or cell line.

TL;DR: In this paper, three different examples of enzyme emulsions are presented, and the effect of the organic membrane phase is discussed as well as the influence of the membrane composition on the transport of substrates and products through the membrane.

TL;DR: In this article, a comparative investigation was conducted between PC micelles in glycerol-buffer and emulsion of glycerols buffer in ether containing dissolved PC to minimize formation of the byproduct phosphatidic acid (PA).

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed the developments in the literature that contribute to such an understanding and suggested that prediction of micelle coagulation should be possible once the forces that impact micelle-coagulation are understood.

TL;DR: A number of mutant strains overproducing cellulase, β-glucosidase and xylanase enzyme were isolated from the cellulolytic fungus Penicillium pinophilum 87160iii after mutagenesis by u.v. irradiation and/or chemical treatment.

TL;DR: In this article, a novel enzymatic process for the synthesis of d (−)-pantoyl lactone from a racemic mixture of pantoyl lactone is described.

TL;DR: Under appropriate growth conditions with suitable support a Citrobacter sp.

TL;DR: In this paper, a simple technique for recirculating the enzymes attached to the solid residue, thereby improving significantly the total enzyme recovery and sugar yield per enzyme unit, was proposed, and an enzyme recovery factor, ERF, was calculated on the basis of sugar yields obtained with recovered enzyme and was compared with the initial amount of enzyme.

TL;DR: The development of selective, non-random, goal-orientated screening techniques, methods of evaluating biocatalyst performance under operational conditions, and an approach that is more orientated towards commercially desirable goals are essential if these objectives are to be achieved.

TL;DR: This review explores the relationship between animal cells as found in body tissues and animal cells in culture at cell densities approaching those found in such body tissues to achieve this latter capability.