Showing papers in "Food and Chemical Toxicology in 1987"

TL;DR: Observations indicate that curcumin may alter the metabolic activation and detoxification of mutagens.

TL;DR: Immunosuppression can result from ingestion of F. graminearum-infected agricultural staples, the suppression being attributable to interactions between direct immunotoxic effects of DON and ZEA and nutritional effects associated with DON-induced food refusal.

TL;DR: Smoking appeared to inhibit the uptake of circulating nitrate into the saliva, especially at higher levels of dietary nitrate intake, as well as the consumption of relatively low ascorbic acid/high nitrate vegetables was significantly greater in Oxford and the South-east.

TL;DR: Three priorities for future work are a comprehensive study of the sources and levels of arylamines and ureas in the diet, determination of the carcinogenic potencies of key nitrosated products to replace the necessarily vague categories used so far, and the development of short-term in situ tests for studying the alkylating power of genotoxicity of N-nitroso compounds too unstable for inclusion in long-term studies.

TL;DR: The results indicate that 15-ADON was more or less toxic than DON depending on the route of administration, and risk assessments for DON should therefore consider the potential for 15- ADON occurrence and toxicity in food and feed.

TL;DR: Evaluation of the pathogenesis of the splenic lesions and characterization of the disposition of radiolabelled aniline in animals suggests that the spleen tumours may be a secondary response resulting from chemically-mediated erythrocyte toxicity.

TL;DR: The percentage of an administered dose of estragole eliminated as 1-hydroxyestragole glucuronide in human urine is much lower than that found with even the lowest doses examined in rats in this study, which may have important implications for the safety assessment of this food flavouring.

TL;DR: The results show that BHT, a much smaller and more volatile molecule than Irganox 1010, migrates more rapidly into foods, but the differences are less for FSL.

TL;DR: Both white and Savoy-type cabbage added to a semi-purified diet and fed to rats ad lib.

TL;DR: FD & C Red No. 3 was fed to Charles River CD rats as a dietary admixture in two long-term toxicity/carcinogenicity studies, with no significant effects on the haematology, serum chemistry and urinalysis and no compound-related effects on survival.

TL;DR: There was no correlation between the rates of glucuronide conjugation of zearalenone and 1-naphthol, indicating that they depend upon two different isoenzymes of UDPglucuronosyltransferase.

TL;DR: For pigs receiving 15-ADON and DON ip, increased dosage was associated with decreased average time to vomition, increased duration of emesis and increased average number of vomitions.

TL;DR: In mice treated with ochratoxin A on day 10 of pregnancy, the incidence of pyknotic cells in the telencephalon of the embryos began to increase 12 hr after injection to a peak between 36 and 48 hr, coinciding with the time of peak concentration of the toxin in the embryo.

TL;DR: A uniformity of primary and secondary renal responses to the two chemicals is demonstrated, strongly suggesting that the morphogenesis of d-limonene-associated nephrotoxicity in the adult male rat is consistent with that of decalin.

TL;DR: The metabolism and tissue distribution of [14C]deoxynivalenol have been studied in male PVG rats and very little radioactivity appeared to be retained in any of the tissues examined after 96 hr.

TL;DR: The effect of dietary cabbage on the binding of aflatoxin B1 to hepatic DNA and on the activities of liver and intestinal microsomal and cytosolic enzymes was studied in weanling male Fischer 344 rats.

TL;DR: Decalin, a model compound, exacerbates this accumulation as a specific integral step in the pathogenesis of the nephropathy induced in male rats by volatile hydrocarbons, so men and women lack this specific PCT cell peculiarity, they would not be expected to respond to decalin exposure in a manner similar to the male rat.

TL;DR: It is concluded that tartrazine was not carcinogenic in F344 rats when administered continuously at doses of up to 2% in the drinking-water for up to 1 yr and in hyperplastic or pre-neoplastic changes in the mesothelium or endometrium.

TL;DR: Of the oils tested, metsa oil (Hibiscus sabdariffa) and cashewnut shell liquid were mutagenic with and without metabolic activation with S-9 of either source, and no mutagenIC activity was observed with any of the other oils tested.

TL;DR: Among the three groups of precursors (creatine plus creatinine, monosaccharides and free amino acids) the creatine plus creatine in raw tissue seems to be the most important for producing mutagenicity, however, in crusts the creat inine concentration was the variable with which most of the mutageniability was associated.

TL;DR: Values of urinary pH after 25 wk of treatment were correlated with the tumour incidences and suggests that the earlier finding that OPP-Na was more carcinogenic than OPP resulted from the higher alkalinity of O PP-Na.

TL;DR: In group A litters, the mean number of viable foetuses was significantly less in the mid-dose and high-dose animals than in the controls, and day 0 neonates from all treated groups showed a significantly increased incidence of delayed sternebral ossification.

TL;DR: This triad of lesions (hyaline droplet accumulation, granular cast formation and chronic nephrosis) lends specificity to the decalin response and establishes a potential mechanistic relationship with other chemicals that induce these effects.

TL;DR: Dose-related decreases in foetal weight, placental weight and crown-rump length and dose-related retardation of skeletal ossification were observed and major foetAL abnormalities, mainly ectrodactyly, were seen only in the group given 100 mg caffeine/kg in a single daily dose.

TL;DR: Commercial meat-flavour samples were analysed for creatine and creatinine content and tested for mutagenicity in the Ames Salmonella/microsome test, and the brown coloration and the proportion ofCreatine to total creatine andCreatine were dramatically increased at this high temperature.

TL;DR: Investigation of the unusual circumstances surrounding the reported occurrence of three TOS cases in two families in Sevilla provides further strong support for the hypothesis that food oil was the vehicle by which the aetiological agent of TOS was transmitted.

TL;DR: Results were in agreement with those of inhalation studies and provide additional evidence that the formation of hyaline droplets in response to exposure to volatile hydrocarbons may be unique to the male rat.