Showing papers in "Forensic Science International in 1993"

TL;DR: To interpret the results ofhair analysis tests accurately and to understand the appropriate role of hair analysis in drug abuse testing, a basic understanding of the biology of hair is necessary.

TL;DR: A more complex model is proposed in which drugs and metabolites are incorporated into hair during formation of the hair shaft, after formation (via diffusion from blood to the actively growing follicle), and after hair has emerged from the skin (from the external environment).

TL;DR: A correlation of 0.63 was found between administered methadone dosages and concentrations measured by hair analysis, and further investigation is needed to clarify interindividual differences.

TL;DR: For each type of change the kind of measurement most strongly related to age was chosen, and a multiple regression analysis was run with age as the dependent variable, using SPSS/PC+ statistical program.

TL;DR: Hair analysis is a safe and effective method for workplace drug testing and its sample preparation procedures have been effectively applied to the analyses of nearly 200,000 specimens.

TL;DR: Hair analysis cannot pinpoint an exact date of opiate use, but it can be used to validate or invalidate a subject's statement concerning his/her drug consumption, and ranges, means and medians are listed for amphetamine, cocaine and cannabis and work is under way to draw similar safety guidelines for these drugs.

TL;DR: Cocaine and its metabolites, benzoylecgonine (BZE) and ecgonine methylester (EME), were found in hair samples from ancient Peruvian coca-leaf chewers dating back to AD 1000.

TL;DR: A scoring system is described for the precise and quantified comparison of frontal sinuses in antemortem to postmortem CT scans and the application of these procedures to actual cases is described.

TL;DR: The data strongly suggest that external contamination of hair by drugs of abuse may make the interpretation of forensic results problematical and therefore generate false positives during analysis of hair samples.

TL;DR: Twenty paired head- and arm-hair samples, collected from known heroin/cocaine abusers, were analyzed with a new comprehensive GC/MS assay for cocaine, heroin and metabolites, finding cocaine and 6-acetylmorphine were the major analytes present.

TL;DR: The purpose of this study was to determine if the ketone body beta-hydroxybutyrate (beta-HBA) is a useful positive marker for sudden deaths in chronic alcoholics, thought to be due to hypoglycemia.

TL;DR: It is concluded that postponement of autopsies does not eliminate occupational risk of contamination by HIV, and viral replication was in evidence in at least one sample from all nine patients of the study.

TL;DR: The concentrations of morphine and codeine were investigated in hair from the head, axillary and pubic regions obtained from 20 fatal heroin cases, and the highest morphine concentrations were found in public hair.

TL;DR: 3,4-Methylenedioxymethylamphetamine was prepared by three synthetic routes to establish the route of synthesis of illicitly prepared MDMA by the study of trace impurities and the identification of MDMA in case samples.

TL;DR: Dying in a head-down position is rare and autopsy may reveal no morphological findings which explain the cause of death sufficiently, so functional changes, mainly postural changes of circulation must be considered.

TL;DR: This study investigates the distribution of some drugs in hair samples taken from different parts of the body (head, pubis and axillae), finding the highest drug levels were observed in pubic hair.

TL;DR: The enzymatic digestion method for detection of plankton from lung tissue by using proteinase K with sodium dodecyl sulphate is more advantageous for diagnosis of drowning than the disorganization method using strong acids.

TL;DR: A 26-year-old male was found naked and excited in the backyard of his neighbor's house, but took a sudden turn for the worse and died, attributed to the patient's combined intake of alcohol with MA, as it is known to decrease the mortality in mice.

TL;DR: It is conceivable that HIV penetrates the CNS and is harboured in it in latent form shortly after the primary infection, most probably because of the small number of infectious particles.

TL;DR: The literature reviewed shows that many of the analytical problems related to the toxicological analysis of hair have been resolved, but in some cases, as for the application of the extraction methods, it is worth highlighting that the parameters must be carefully valued owing to the different operative options that are documented in the literature.

TL;DR: Eleven laboratories interested in the analysis of human hair for drugs of abuse participated in a study to determine how well drugs could be detected and quantified in hair.

TL;DR: The findings indicate that although blacks test at higher positive rates than whites for both hair and urine assays, these differential most likely reflect differential rates of use of cocaine which is apparent from the self-reported data.

TL;DR: In this paper, a new formulation has been developed for DFO stock solution, which appears to be more stable, has a longer shelf life, and has little effect on inks (and therefore does not cause inks to run).

TL;DR: Hair analysis remedies the disadvantages of these currently available methods by exhibiting a wide window of detection and may provide information concerning the severity of gestational exposure, as well as identifying tobacco- or heroin-exposed neonates.

TL;DR: Head hair samples obtained from surgery patients who received fentanyl during anesthesia were analyzed by immunoassay for the presence of fentanyl and no correlation between hair fentanyl concentration and administered dose was found.

TL;DR: Hair analysis overcomes many of the drug testing problems associated with urinalysis, but passive contamination of the exterior surface of the hair can taint the analysis with false positive.

TL;DR: Prolonged exposure to UV light decreased the inherent UV fluorescence intensity but no adverse effects were observed on subsequent treatment with 1,8-diazafluoren-9-one or ninhydrin.

TL;DR: It has been found that antimicrobial quinolones are detectable in hair, even after a short exposure to them, and serve as time marker for estimating the growth rate itself and the stage of hair.

TL;DR: In the present study different extraction methods were used along with two GC/MS processes which back-up each other, which were used to confirm each other instead of backing-up radioimmunological measurements withGC/MS.