Showing papers in "Free Radical Biology and Medicine in 1997"

TL;DR: The antioxidant and prooxidant behavior of flavonoids and the related activity-structure relationships were investigated in this study using the oxygen radical absorbance capacity assay.

TL;DR: Supporting indirect evidence comes from a variety of in vitro studies showing that free radicals are capable of mediating neuron degeneration and death, suggesting that therapeutic efforts aimed at removal of ROS or prevention of their formation may be beneficial in AD.

TL;DR: Reactive oxygen species may be second messengers for transcription factor activation, apoptosis, bone resorption, cell growth, and chemotaxis as well as the mechanisms of the oxidant-stimulation of signal transduction are discussed.

TL;DR: Upstream kinase(s) and or phosphatase(S) prone to thiolation or oxidation of vicinal SH groups are at present considered the best candidates mediating the redox regulation of NF-kappaB.

TL;DR: The ELISA method for protein carbonyls is more sensitive and discriminatory than the colorimetric assay and should have wide application for analysing experimental and clinical samples, especially where concentrations are low and where only small amounts of sample are available.

TL;DR: It is proposed that the various metabolic antioxidant properties of alpha-lipoate relate to its possible therapeutic roles in a variety of brain and neuronal tissue pathologies: thiols are central to antioxidant defense in brain and other tissues.

TL;DR: Results suggest that constituents 1-6 are very potent antioxidants toward LDL oxidation with Glabridin being the most abundant and potent antioxidant.

TL;DR: There is no explanation, presently, for iron presence in the nucleus, but it certainly imposes a prooxidant trend that needs to be counterbalanced in some way, and evidence is reviewed that nuclear metallothionein plays a role in this regard.

TL;DR: The effect of oxidative stress on cytokine gene expression appears to be an important mechanism by which it promotes connective tissue deposition.

TL;DR: The trapped hydroxyl radical was derived exclusively from hydrogen peroxide and that there was no exchange of oxygen atoms between H2O2 and solvent water, and the complementary reaction with ordinary H2 O2 and 17O-labeled water also showed that none of the Hydroxylradical was derived from water.

TL;DR: It is reasoned that under the microaerobic and acidic conditions prevailing in nodules, phenolics are likely to act primarily as antioxidants, decreasing oxidative damage to biomolecules.

TL;DR: The conditions under which reactive species of hemoglobin may be formed in vivo, their potential reactivity, and whether their individual or combined oxidative activities could account for the biological damage that is observed in vivo following hemoglobin transfusions are considered.

TL;DR: Data indicate that distinct pathways of H2O2-induced cytotoxicity can be distinguished by their different concentration dependences, and that BCL-2 can protect against some forms of H1N1- induced cytot toxicity.

TL;DR: Results indicate that the stress-induced gastric ulceration is a consequence of the oxidative damage of the gastric mucosa, and the critical role of metal ion and OH.

TL;DR: The results suggest that nucleic acids are a potential target for photooxidative damage sensitized by TiO2, and support the view thatTiO2 photocatalyzes free radical formation.

TL;DR: Investigation of the association between protein-tyrosine phosphorylation and ROS-induced human sperm capacitation found some discrepancies are observed in the regulation of these two processes according to the redox status of the spermatozoa.

TL;DR: The findings of the present study show that photo-oxidative damage to the membranes that surround the acidic vacuolar compartment, is an event that results in release of proteolytic and DNA-fragmenting enzymes into the cytosol, which may induce either necrosis, apoptosis, or reparable sublethal damage, depending on the magnitude of lysosomal rupture.

TL;DR: The rate constants, k(r), are determined for scavenging .OH radicals by melatonin, 5-methoxytryptamine (5-MeO-T), 5-hydroxytryptamines (serotonin), 6-chloromelatonin (6-Cl-MLT, 6-hydroxymelatonin), and kynurenine (KN) in aqueous solutions.

TL;DR: Results show that alpha-TOH generally makes lipoproteins more reactive towards radical oxidants; this can result in a pro-oxidant activity depending on the specific oxidation conditions.

TL;DR: The results indicate that DEP components, probably quinoid or nitroaromatic structures, that appear to promote DNA damage through the redox cycling based generation of superoxide.

TL;DR: In conclusion, oxidized LDL can induce the expression of different adhesion molecules on HUVECs; this induction can be prevented by pretreating either the LDL or the cells with radical-scavenging antioxidant.

TL;DR: Results clearly indicate that alterations in the expression of enzymes involved in ROI-scavenging can have significant metabolic effects and provide the hope that this strategy can be used to develop crop plants with increased stress tolerance.

TL;DR: The authors deal with the synthesis and the breakdown of ascorbate as a part of the antioxidant and carbohydrate metabolism, and a complex metabolic regulation is supposed.

TL;DR: Therapeutic interventions with antioxidants as antiplatelet agents are suggested to improve the pharmacological effect of classical antiplatelets drug such as aspirin.

TL;DR: Results clearly indicate that low dose chronic administration of sodium dichromate and cadmium chloride induces an oxidative stress resulting in tissue damaging effects that may contribute to the toxicity and carcinogenicity of these two cations.

TL;DR: The results show that flavonoids are broadly protective for cutaneous tissue-type cell populations subjected to a chronic intracellular form of oxidative stress and quercetin in particular, paired with ascorbic acid, may be of therapeutic benefit in protecting neurovasculature structures in skin from oxidative damage.

TL;DR: The results suggest that certain types of ROS are involved in UV-induced 8-oxodGuo formation with 1O2 playing the predominant role throughout the UV spectrum.

TL;DR: These studies demonstrate that ozone-induced responses are caused in part by the activation of a salicylic acid dependent signaling pathway that is also required for the expression of resistance to microbial pathogens.

TL;DR: Antioxidant administration may be a useful adjunct to conventional approaches in the management of septic shock and hemodynamic variables has not previously been reported.

TL;DR: Evidence is provided that H2O2 is an important intermediate in the downstream signalling pathway finally leading to the induction of increased steady state MMP-1 mRNA levels.