Showing papers in "Gait & Posture in 1999"

TL;DR: The purpose of this review is to outline the basic principles of exercise physiology relevant to human locomotion; detail the energy expenditure of normal walking; and summarize the results of energy expenditure studies performed in patients with specific neurologic and orthopedic disabilities.

TL;DR: It is concluded that joint torques, which indicate how body movements are produced, are useful in defining postural control strategies and illustrate how the biomechanics of the body can transform discrete control patterns into a continuum of postural corrections.

TL;DR: Results indicated that vision affects the deterministic structure of COP motions and that differential optical flow structure (radial versus lamellar flow) induced by spontaneous sway under different head orientations affects COP nonstationarity.

TL;DR: This review article examines the transient, which is known as the heelstrike in walking and the footstrike in running, and the resulting 'shock wave', which passes up the limb, may produce damage, leading to degenerative joint disease and a variety of other pathologies.

TL;DR: The data indicate that clinicians should not suggest that patients use compensatory momentum inducing locomotor strategies unless the patient has sufficient strength to control these induced forces.

TL;DR: Results of this double blind study give support to the short term efficacy of botulinum toxin A to improve gait in selected patients with cerebral palsy.

TL;DR: The results suggest that anticipatory control is not the primary mechanism by which the central nervous system deals with the lateral instability arising during rapid compensatory stepping reactions evoked by large, unpredictable antero-posterior perturbation.

TL;DR: The changes of quantified COP parameters according to the biomechanical alteration of the foot were confirmed by high-heeled gait and an F-scan pressure sensitive insole system was used to quantify the path.

TL;DR: The results indicate that the accuracy of SP prediction should be of concern in biomechanical research particularly for open chain and high acceleration activities and that the importance of SP variation on other motion skills is necessary.

TL;DR: 3-D gait analysis is a useful tool in the assessment of patients with functional and structural leg length discrepancies and is developed mathematical models for the compensatory mechanisms at all the three levels.

TL;DR: The purpose of this review article is to summarise the literature to date regarding the movement of the lumbar spine, pelvis and hips during running gait.

TL;DR: Asymmetry coefficient for temporal parameters of gait cycle and foot roll over revealed the greatest asymmetry in metatarsal head and great toe latency and support.

TL;DR: The results indicate that gait initiation consists of two, highly coordinated motor programs and that heel-off of the stance limb is the division between these two programs.

TL;DR: Results show significant differences in joint angular kinematics and clearance distances as obstacle height increased, and both strong linear and non-linear trends are exhibited.

TL;DR: T torque safety margins were highly correlated with COP safety margins, supporting the use of COP safety margin for estimating relative stability in dynamic tasks where balance is maintained and suggested that a safety margin-oriented control strategy might be a robust alternative to the hypothesis that the central nervous system strives to optimize motion.

TL;DR: The operating characteristics for two methods of constructing statistical prediction and confidence bands are determined, and their performance is evaluated using cross-validation methodology with a data set of the sort commonly evaluated in gait analysis.

TL;DR: Ten children who were likely to require future hamstring lengthening were injected with BtA and short term outcome was assessed by clinical examination and 3-D gait analysis, suggesting that isolated hamstring weakening be approached with caution.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated whether a commonly cited two-step gait initiation protocol, or a two-stage gait termination protocol produced pressure data more representative of the criterion, midgait method.

TL;DR: The results showed that RF and VL work independent of each other during the initial swing phase and the amount of RF activity is clearly related to walking speed, which increases with increasing walking speed.

TL;DR: There was remarkable consistency in the relationship between trunk and arm segments both within and between subjects suggesting that despite the presence of redundant degrees of freedom, the individual uses a parsimonious coordinative pattern.

TL;DR: It is hypothesized that motorized treadmill walking may be inherently less variable than overground walking and that statistical measures of variability may not be sufficient to fully characterize stride-to-stride variability in human locomotion.

TL;DR: The findings of this study would suggest that quadriceps avoidance as a gait adaptation in ACL-deficient patients may be less common than previously reported.

TL;DR: Three dimensional upper extremity motion during wheelchair propulsion in persons with 4 levels of spinal cord injury is compared, suggesting that the wheelchair backrest adequately stabilizes the trunk in the absence of abdominal musculature.

TL;DR: It is concluded that of the four types of insoles assessed the Sorbothane insoles attenuated the greatest amounts of the peak pressure generated at heel strike and during forefoot loading when running and marching wearing military boots.

TL;DR: It is concluded that incline ambulation exerts the major influences in the thoracic region by increasing amplitudes of axial rotations.

TL;DR: Results suggest that the effect of walking speed when evaluating the significance of decreased movements of the pelvis and of the lumbar spine of subjects walking at slower than self-selected speeds should be considered, and that movement of theLUMBar spine should be interpreted with respect to a frame of reference.

TL;DR: Gait analysis is an objective tool to document functional recovery after decompressive surgery in CSM and there was reduction of step width during treadmill walking, indicating improved equilibrium.

TL;DR: The extent of muscle co-contraction was studied by comparing in vivo endoprosthesis pressure measurements on hip articular cartilage and intersegmental force estimations from concurrent kinetic-kinematic data.

TL;DR: The general significance of the results was analyzed with respect to the mechanism of static equilibrium, however, before conclusions can be drawn, other climbing movements and positions must be analyzed.

TL;DR: The therapy led to a noteworthy improvement in the postural performance of the CP children in sagittal as well in frontal planes, thus giving more insight into the operation of the neuro-muscular system and allowing us to better understand the reason of progress in motor control of posture.