Showing papers in "Journal of Biomechanics in 1987"

TL;DR: The development and application of computer-simulation methods to predict stress-related adaptive bone remodeling, in accordance with 'Wolff's Law' are developed and applied to investigate the relation between 'stress shielding' and bone resorption in the femoral cortex around intramedullary prostheses.

TL;DR: Past studies have significantly increased the accuracy of analytical and experimental models investigating bone, and bone/implant interfaces as well as enhanced the perspective towards understanding the factors which may influence bone formation or resorption.

TL;DR: A planimetric method is presented for characterizing footprints using the ratio of the area of the middle third of the footprint to the entire footprint area (excluding the toes), which provides an objective measure for comparative purposes.

TL;DR: It is concluded that APA correspond to dynamic phenomena which are centrally preprogrammed and may balance the inertia forces due to the movement of the mobile limb therefore counteracting the disturbance to postural equilibrium.

TL;DR: The fact that the mechanical stress histories in skeletal tissues are directly related to the force of gravity suggests that the life forms that have evolved on Earth are closely tied to the authors' gravitational field.

TL;DR: The method of considering a single loading condition in the study of stress/morphology relationships in trabecular bone is expanded to include the multiple loading conditions experienced by bone in vivo.

TL;DR: A mathematical solution has been obtained for the indentation creep and stress-relaxation behavior of articular cartilage where the tissue is modeled as a layer of linear KLM biphasic material of thickness h bonded to an impervious, rigid bony substrate.

TL;DR: Three dimensional graphic displays showed that, despite considerable group variability in medial-lateral GRF-time histories, consistency was evident in the patterns of individuals across speeds, and right-left asymmetries were clearly shown in these displays.

TL;DR: Recent investigations have extended to the immediate effects of dynamic strains on the structure of the bone matrix, and the biochemical behaviour of the resident bone cells, to reveal the mechanism by which strains within the matrix are transduced into the biochemical signals by which adaptive remodelling is controlled.

TL;DR: Stress distribution through the wall thickness of the canine carotid artery was analyzed on the basis of the uniform strain hypothesis in which the wall circumferential strain was assumed to be constant over the wall cross-section under physiological loading condition.

TL;DR: The result showed that running velocity does influence external impact force peaks (linear connection) and that midsole hardness does not influence magnitude and loading rate of the external vertical impact forces.

TL;DR: The results show influence of internal muscle dynamics on muscle control histories vis a vis muscle forces and illustrate the strong sensitivity of the results to the differentiation procedure used in the static optimization approach.

TL;DR: Changes in the measured streaming potential response that resulted from modification of bath ionic strength and pH have provided additional insights into the molecular origins of these transduction processes.

TL;DR: A continuum model for linear electrokinetic transduction in cartilage is formulated and shows a linear relationship between the stimulus amplitude and the transduction response amplitude, within the range of stimulus amplitudes of interest.

TL;DR: Ten normal subjects were studied on a Kistler force platform which measured the travel and center of pressure displacement and found that variations in foot position would significantly affect standing balance.

TL;DR: The new ultrasonic technique with which mechanical properties of anisotropic, rigid, porous materials, such as cancellous bone, can be measured is described, showing the new method to be quite accurate in elastic property determination.

TL;DR: Results indicated that L4/L5 compression estimates could be reduced by up to 35% when the output from a more realistic anatomical model of the erector spinae muscle group was compared with that from the frequently reported and simplified single muscle equivalent with a 5 cm moment arm.

TL;DR: This study subjected thin sheets of passive canine left ventricular myocardium to various combinations of simultaneous biaxial stretching to assess the reliability of the coefficients for each of the quadratic strain-energy functions and an alternative function with nonintegral powers of strains.

TL;DR: It is now possible to achieve reasonable estimates of tendon stiffness over the whole working range of the muscle, with an important consideration which has emerged is that at low tensions the tendon is much less stiff than at higher tensions.

TL;DR: The study provided information of direct application to press-fit stems in hip replacement surgery and high variation of the strain results was attributed to variations in stem-bone contact and fit.

TL;DR: In the study of stresses and strains in vascular segments, it is generally assumed that the traction-free configuration assumed by a segment when there is no axial force and there are no intravascular and extravascular pressures is stress-free.

TL;DR: A numerical procedure to solve the non-linear field equations describing a mixture of a solid and a fluid and the abilities of the procedure are demonstrated by means of a confined compression test.

TL;DR: A three-dimensional lumped-parameter model of the human head/neck/upper-torso was developed to predict its motion for any specified initial conditions and that could also be used to compare with the results of other investigators.

TL;DR: In a first step of a biomechanical modelling of the human shoulder the points of application of muscle forces to the bones were determined in a dissection study on four human shoulder specimens.

TL;DR: The results show that in pure compression, the external axial force is transmitted primarily by the intervertebral disc, and the facet joints carry only a small percentage of the force, whereas in small flexion they carry none.

TL;DR: In modeling the anisotropic properties of hydroxyapatite (HAp), Katz found that two kinds of phenomenological relationships held among the elastic stiffness coefficients, which play a significant role in characterizing the elastic anisotropy in bone.

TL;DR: The results indicate that an accumulation of strain does occur in tendinous tissues during physiologic loading.

TL;DR: It is postulated that the functional dependence between erector spinae muscle activity and the applied lifting moments about the spine is as follows: the sum of left and right erectorSpinae processed EMG depends on the sagittal plane moment, and the difference ofleft and right erection spinaE processing EMG depend on the frontal plane moment.

TL;DR: The present pulsatile flow studies have aided in identifying hemodynamic conditions which correlate with early intimal thickening and predict the physiologic level of flow disturbances in the bulb of undiseased internal carotid arteries.