Journal of The Chinese Institute of Chemical Engineers 

About: Journal of The Chinese Institute of Chemical Engineers is an academic journal. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Catalysis & Adsorption. Over the lifetime, 463 publications have been published receiving 4619 citations.

Nonlinear Model Predictive Control: From Theory to Application

Abstract: While linear model predictive control is popular since the 70s of the past century, only since the 90s there is a steadily increasing interest from control theoreticians as well as control practitioners in nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC). The practical interest is mainly driven by the fact that today's processes need to be operated under tight performance specifications. At the same time more and more constraints, stemming for example from environmental and safety considerations, need to be satisfied. Often, these demands can only be met when process nonlinearities and constraints are explicitly taken into account in the controller design. Nonlinear predictive control, the extension of the well established linear predictive control to the nonlinear world, is one possible candidate to meet these demands. This paper reviews the basic principle of NMPC, and outlines some of the theoretical, computational, and implementational aspects of this control strategy.

A novel method of utilizing the biomass resource: Rapid liquefaction of wheat straw and preparation of biodegradable polyurethane foam (PUF)

Abstract: In the paper, wheat straw was rapidly liquefied in the mild condition. The optimum liquefaction effect was obtained at steam-explosion pretreatment of wheat straw, liquefaction temperature of 140 degrees C, solvent/wheat straw ratio of 6: 1, glycol (EG):glycerol = 5, sulfuric acid of 5%, and wheat straw of water content of 150%. During the liquefaction, cellulose, semi-cellulose and lignin are decomposed, which results in changes of hydroxyl value, acid value, viscosity and weight-average molecular weight of the reaction system. The liquefaction product was used to prepare polyurethane foam. Compared with the normal PUF, the foam had similar mechanical properties and better water absorption and biodegradability. (c) 2007 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers.

Equilibrium and kinetics of heavy metal ion exchange

Abstract: Ion exchange has a great potential to remove heavy metals from industrial wastewaters or heavy metal-containing sludge. In order to design and operate heavy metal removal processes, the equilibrium relationship between ions and resin must be known a prior. A series of ion-exchange equilibrium tests of Cu2+/H+, Zn2+/H+, and Cd2+/H+ systems using Amberlite IR-120 were performed. The equilibrium data were analyzed by the Langmuir isotherm, Freundlich isotherm, and selectivity coefficient approaches. The thermodynamic parameters such as Gibbs free energy change, enthalpy change, and entropy change were calculated. By comparison of the selectivity coefficients, the affinity sequence to IR-120 is Cu2+ > Zn2+ > Cd2+ > H+. Moreover, in order to understand the heavy metal extraction kinetics in the presence of Amberlite IR-120, the ion-exchange kinetics was also studied. The ion-exchange kinetic data were regressed by the pseudo first-order, second-order models, and a reversible reaction model. The activation energies calculated from the rate coefficients at different temperatures are 15.41, 7.04, and 17.01 kJ/mol for copper, zinc, and cadmium, respectively. Although the pseudo first- and second-order models are easier to use for data analysis, the resultant model parameters depend on operating conditions. The reversible reaction model is capable to predict the effects of resin to solution ratio, initial heavy metal concentration, and temperature on the ion-exchange kinetic curves.

Decolorization of Brilliant Blue G dye mediated by degradation of the microbial consortium of Galactomyces geotrichum and Bacillus sp.

Abstract: A consortium-GB containing two microorganisms Galactomyces geotricluom MTCC 1360 and Bacillus sp. VUS was able to degrade sulfur-containing dye Brilliant Blue G, optimally at pH 9 and temperature at 50℃. The ability of consortium-GB to work at higher temperature and pH ranges will help in using this consortium for removal of the dye from textile effluent. Malt extract, peptone and beef extract were found to be the best additional carbon and nitrogen sources. Brilliant Blue G caused enhancement of the riboflavin reduetase among the enzyme activities studied. Biodegradation was confirmed by analyzing the product using UV-vis, HPLC, and FTIR. The GC-MS study revealed a pathway of Brilliant Blue G with release of (4-ethoxy-phenyl)-phenyl-amine and 3-ethylaminomethyl-benzenesulfonic acid as final metabolites formed by the consortium-GB. GC-MS analysis indieated the formation of 3-{[ethyl-(3-methyl-cyclohexa-2,5-dienyl)-amino]-methyl}-benzenesulfonic acid as a product by G. geotrichum MTCC 1360 alone and (4-benzylidene-3-methyl-cyclohexa-2, 5-dienylidene)-methyl-amine by Bacillus sp. VUS alone. Phytotoxicity revealed nontoxic nature of the metabolites. These results indicate the high potential of the consortium-GB to serve as an excellent biomass for the use in Brilliant Blue G dye removal.

Absorption of carbon dioxide by the absorbent composed of piperazine and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol in PVDF membrane contactor

Abstract: This paper tests the performance of microporous polyvinylidinefluoride (PVDF) hollow fiber in a gas absorption membrane process (GAM) using the aqueous solutions of piperazine (PZ) and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP). Experiments were conducted at various gas flow rates, liquid flow rates and absorbent concentrations. Experimental results showed that wetting ratio was about 0.036% when used with the aqueous alkanolamine solutions, while that was 0.39% with aqueous piperazine solutions. The CO 2 absorption rates increased with increasing both liquid and gas flow rates at N Re 2 . The CO 2 absorption rate was much enhanced by the addition of PZ promoter. The resistance of membrane was predominated as using a low reactivity absorbent and can be neglected as using absorbent of AMP aqueous solution. The resistance of gas-film diffusion was dominated as using the mixed absorbents of AMP and PZ. An increase of PZ concentration, the resistance of liquid-film diffusion decreased but resistance of gas-film increased. Overall, GAM systems were shown to be an effective technology for absorbing CO 2 from simulated flue gas streams, but the viscosity and solvent–membrane relationship were critical factors that can significantly affect system performance.