Showing papers in "Journal of Thermal Biology in 1983"

TL;DR: The circadian rhythm of rectal temperature and the sleep-wake cycle can persist independently of each other and of zeitgebers, and seem to be controlled by separate oscillators.

TL;DR: The number of juvenile instars both species pass through before adulthood is influenced by temperature with increasing numbers occurring at temperature extremes and the ecological relationships for the two species are discussed.

TL;DR: Nine unmyelinated primary afferents innervating human hairy skin and sensitive to both mechanical and heat stimuli (C-polymodal nociceptors) were studied by microelectrode recordings in conscious human subjects and developed an increased sensitivity to heat following noxious heat stimulation of their receptive fields.

TL;DR: Box turtles and painted turtles are capable of developing behavioural fevers as are certain iguanid lizards, and these turtles are therefore capable of developed behavioural fevered behaviour following infection with live bacteria.

TL;DR: BOT is not constant but varies with age, breed, time of day, acclimatization, floor conditions, group size, air humidity, air velocity and amount of food intake.

TL;DR: Acclimation to cold in mammals is manifested by an increase in non-shivering thermogenesis which can be measured experimentally as an increased thermogenic response to injected norepinephrine, and the functional parallel to this adaptation is an “activation” of brown adipose tissue.

TL;DR: The differential influence of capsaicin on thermoregulatory responses provides evidence for the multiple thermostat theory.

TL;DR: It is proposed that there is a double mechanism of heat removal from the brain, in normothermia cerebral heat is dissipated through arterial blood leaving the heart, in hyperthermia, however, cool nasal blood is collected by the venous lakes adjoining the neurocranium to protect the brain against overheating.

TL;DR: From changes in the rate of decrease in body mass, metabolic rate and concentration of plasma fuels, it is possible to characterize three periods during long-term fasting in penguins: a rapid adaptation period, a long period of economy and finally a critical period, which also characterize the metabolic response of domestic geese to long- term fasting.

TL;DR: The huddling together of nestlings is perhaps the single most important factor affecting heat transfer, and an older brood actually has more insulation than does an adult in the same microclimate.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the inhibitory effect of the nucleus rape magnus and surrounding areas was stimulated in cold-stressed guinea pigs and was partly mediated by efferents ascending to the hypothalamus and partly by efference descending to the spinal cord.

TL;DR: Current evidence indicates that neither phenomenon can be attributed simmply to sympathetic activity, and shows that further investigation of the control mechanisms is warranted.

TL;DR: Independent manipulations of blood volume and osmolality reveal that these variables exert their effects on the thermoregulatory system by somewhat different means.

TL;DR: It is indicated, that during the course of the year NST capacity was not utilized completely prior to the onset of SH, and it always preceded the NST maximum by a constant amount.

TL;DR: It was found that in thermoneutral conditions brain temperature was higher than that of the deep trunk, however in dry heat, the brain was cooler than the rest of the body.

TL;DR: The results are consistent with the hypothesis that in fever, prostaglandins may be involved in modulating augmented vasoconstrictor activity to some vascular beds and in centrally suppressing the thermoregulatory drive for panting.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the thalamic cells receive convergent input from large skin areas and are involved in thermoregulation rather than in perception.

TL;DR: Vertebrates evolved a host of abilities to lessen variation of their internal temperature vis-a-vis the earth's climate, including the origin and evolution of sensory mechanism(s) to recognize when the internal temperature is deviating from the optimal temperature.

TL;DR: Alterations in the fatty acid composition of microsomes were most marked in the exponential phase of both 39.5 and 15°C- grown Tetrahymena pyriformis NT-1 cells, and activities of the terminal component of the desaturation system as well as all three desaturases were higher than in the stationary phase.

TL;DR: The scrotal pathway exhibits considerable processings of the thermal information but the facial input reaches the thalamus virtually unaltered, and this pathway may form a link between the skin thermal receptors and the hypothalamus.

TL;DR: H2O content and local-tissue thermal conductivity were measured in cortex and medulla of 7 freshly-excised rabbit kidneys andrelations between the measured parameters are made, and the variability of previously-reported measurements of kidney-tissues thermal Conductivity is discussed.

TL;DR: Pharmacological tests and electron- and fluorescence-microscopic investigations indicated the damage of catecholaminergic but not of serotonergic receptors in the acute stage and the loss of function of both receptor in the chronic stage of lesion.

TL;DR: Overall rates of consumption, assimilation, production and metabolism of the larvae increased with temperature, and efficiency of assimilation and conversion of the digested food were significantly altered by life stage and temperature.

TL;DR: Subdivisions of the microcirculation are affected differentially by adrenergic drugs in these species, which could influence drug-induced sweating, and indicate a possible role for the microvasculature in the sudomotor mechanism.

TL;DR: The results support the suggestion that capsaicin interferes with heat sensors both centrally and peripherally and help clarify the role of salivary cooling, vasodilation and behavioural thermoregulation in heat-dissipating mechanisms.

TL;DR: The results were found to be at variance with predictions of each of these models, but could be matched with two mathematical concepts of thermoregulation, the one proposing a Q 10 ⪢ 1 for warm and aQ 10 ⩾ 1 for cold signal transmission in the hypothalamus and the other with the additional assumption of hypothalamic thermosensors.

TL;DR: Simultaneous activity of antagonistic effector mechanisms was not observed after quick changes of environmental temperature, and rate of temperature change seems to be an important input for starting and reducing effector activity.