Showing papers in "Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North America in 1999"

TL;DR: In the appropriate clinical situation, MR imaging is a powerful tool in the diagnosis of spinal infection and knowledge of potential pitfalls with MR imaging and of normal marrow conversion is required.

TL;DR: An empirical method is described, using three-point high resolution MR imaging, that also provides assessment of tumor vascularity, and appears to improve diagnostic specificity of breast MR imaging and provide a noninvasive method for tumor characterization that may have prognostic value.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss symptomatology, including instability and malalignment abnormalities, intervertebral disc degeneration or herniation, spinal stenosis, and facet disease, as treated in a variety of current studies.

TL;DR: The current applications of MR imaging for the evaluation of sports-related injuries of the foot and ankle, including fractures, sprains, tendon injuries, and heel pain are reviewed.

TL;DR: The biomechanics of running are discussed, and a general review of stress lesions of bone are reviewed; site-specific reviews of bony stress lesions and other running-related soft tissue injuries; and associated MR imaging findings are discussed.

TL;DR: The rotator interval between supraspinatus and subscapularis is proving to be an important anatomic and functional region of the shoulder and all of the other possible associated injuries should be considered and evaluated, both on clinical and MR imaging evaluations.

TL;DR: MR imaging of CSF and cord motion helps to evaluate diseases affecting cord and CSF motion and to identify the specific pathophysiology involved and to recover after surgical decompression and after compensatory atrophy.

TL;DR: Blood oxygenation level-dependent-based fMR imaging topics include the origin of the MR-based signal, data acquisition and sequence dependence, and paradigm design issues--issues that need to be fully understood to properly design and interpret the f MR imaging experiment.

TL;DR: The development of moving table tops, optimized pulse sequences, and advances in gradient technology now facilitate practical whole-body MR imaging using existing clinical systems.

TL;DR: The greatest costs associated with lower back pain occur in patients who have pain longer than three months and those with recurrent episodes of disabling pain.

TL;DR: Applications of MR imaging to diagnosing pelvic and hip fractures, muscle contusion and strain, tendon injuries, acetabular labral tears, bursitis, and osteitis pubis and chronic symphyseal injury are discussed.

TL;DR: Current concepts regarding the rupture of the UCL are reviewed, including a study of 34 UCL injuries in which MR imaging was used as the main diagnostic tool and resulted in identifying UCL tears with 96% and 95% specificity.

TL;DR: This article reviews the development, evaluation, and clinical application of a number of MR contrast agents, including ferumoxides, Mn-DPDP, AMI-227, SHU-555A, Gd-EOB/DTPA,Gd-BOPTA, and MS-325.

TL;DR: By understanding the principles underlying motion artifacts, one can choose the appropriate method of artifact control tailored for the individual clinical situation, and the recognition of the variable appearances of motion artifacts will prevent interpretive errors and misdiagnoses.

TL;DR: MR imaging findings of a variety of neoplastic lesions of the lumbar spine are reviewed, finding extradural, metastatic tumors are the most common; nerve sheath tumors areThe most common intradural extramedullary tumors; and ependymoma accounts for most of the tumors arising from the filum terminale.

TL;DR: Gadolinium chelates are often useful in sorting out different causes of lower back pain and lumbar radiculopathy and Gadolinium is particularly useful, for example, in distinguishing recurrent disc herniation from epidural scarring in the postoperative spine.

TL;DR: The cause, appearance, diagnostic effect, and available remedies for the artifacts that are most frequently observed on MR images and are of greatest clinical significance are reviewed.

TL;DR: In conclusion, internal impingement apparently occurs in nearly all patients and is demonstrable on MR imaging and associated with repetitive placement of the arm into a position of extreme external rotation and abduction.

TL;DR: The goal of any acquisition strategy is to map k-space completely, and two methods, spiral imaging and echo-planar imaging, are described to demonstrate that the data acquisition path need not be a straight line.

TL;DR: Pulse sequences have been developed that furnish a great range of image contrast behaviors, acquisition speeds, and sensitivities to artifacts, and the key to choosing clinically relevant techniques is the appropriate combination of these properties.

TL;DR: To be effective, a BB technique must produce strong signal attenuation from flowing spins, ideally to the level of the baseline noise, and simultaneously it should produce good depiction of tissues with the comparatively short T2s characteristic of vessel walls and muscle, hence the need to operate with the shortest possible TE.

TL;DR: The author considers CE-MR angiography a valuable development for vascular MR imaging because of its acquisition speed (because of ultra-short TRs) with comparable gradient performance.

TL;DR: New MR imaging techniques of pulmonary ventilation and perfusion are introduced that will provide a framework for assessing regional pulmonary functions of the lung and help to diagnose and evaluate pulmonary disorders.

TL;DR: The pulse sequences commonly used for routine MR imaging of the lumbar spine are outlined and a critique of the newer sequences and the modifications of the conventional techniques are provided.

TL;DR: MR imaging is the imaging modality of choice for evaluation of the traumatized lumbar spine, providing critical information for determination of appropriate therapy.

TL;DR: An overview of current abdominal interventional applications that use MR imaging guidance and monitoring for diagnostic biopsies, tumor ablations and--owing to the development of new pulse sequences--monitoring the ablation process, and aspiration and drainage of fluid collections is provided.

TL;DR: Features of MR imaging are discussed, including noninvasivness; accurate depiction of structures; and presence and extent of bone and soft tissue pathology; and visualization (nerves, bone marrow, and hyaline cartilage).

TL;DR: The noninvasive nature of HASTE MR imaging insures an expanding role in imaging patients with suspected pancreaticobiliary disease, and is as sensitive as sonography in detecting cholelithiasis.

TL;DR: VIE was shown to be of no additional value in the assessment of 3D MR angiographic data sets of the abdominal aorta and renal arteries and much more work is required to determine its diagnostic utility relative to its cost.

TL;DR: MR imaging has afforded an ability to better visualize and characterize a whole host of spine abnormalities encountered in the athletic population, and is complementary to CT, particularly with respect to evaluating concomitant soft-tissue and ligamentous abnormalities.