Showing papers in "Materials and Manufacturing Processes in 2017"
TL;DR: In this article, the application of powder mixed electrical discharge machining (PMEDM) for the machining of β-phase titanium (β-Ti) alloy has been proposed.
Abstract: The present research is the first type of study in which the application of powder mixed electrical discharge machining (PMEDM) for the machining of β-phase titanium (β-Ti) alloy has been proposed....
176 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the microstructure and tensile properties of the Inconel 718 alloy were studied in the as-printed and different heat treat conditions, and the SLM as-print microstructures exhi...
Abstract: The microstructure and tensile properties of selective laser melted (SLM) Inconel 718 alloy were studied in the as-printed and different heat treat conditions. The SLM as-print microstructures exhi...
129 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a reference vector-guided evolutionary algorithm has been successfully implemented to construct surrogate models for various objectives pertinent to an industrial blast furnace, and a total of eight objectives have been modeled using the operational data of the furnace using 12 process variables identified through principal component analysis and optimized simultaneously.
Abstract: A new data-driven reference vector-guided evolutionary algorithm has been successfully implemented to construct surrogate models for various objectives pertinent to an industrial blast furnace. A total of eight objectives have been modeled using the operational data of the furnace using 12 process variables identified through a principal component analysis and optimized simultaneously. The capability of this algorithm to handle a large number of objectives, which has been lacking earlier, results in a more efficient setting of the operational parameters of the furnace, leading to a precisely optimized hot metal production process.
92 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a machining method of SiC abrasive-mixed electrical discharge machining (EDM) with magnetic stirring was introduced, and the influence of pulse width and pulse peak current on the formation of the surface hardening layer was analyzed.
Abstract: Ti-6Al-4V is widely used in aerospace, biomedical applications and in many corrosive environments. However, titanium alloy has low hardness and poor wear resistance. This paper introduces a machining method of SiC abrasive-mixed electrical discharge machining (EDM) with magnetic stirring. Structural features and chemical composition were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Micro-hardness distribution on the cross section was measured with an FM800 micro-hardness tester. The influence of pulse width and pulse peak current on the formation of the surface hardening layer is analyzed. The results show that a continuous strengthened layer was formed during the SiC abrasive-mixed EDM process. The hardness of the formed layer was significantly improved because of the formation of TiC and TiSi2 phases on the machined surface. With the increase of pulse width, the thickness of the strengthened layer increases and the quality becomes better.
82 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the feasibility of using direct-injection molding (D-IM) process for processing of sisal fiber reinforced poly-lactic acid biocomposites with a fiber weight fraction of 30%.
Abstract: The processing strategy adopted to develop biocomposites plays a significant role in determining their characteristics. The present experimental investigation explores the feasibility of using direct-injection molding (D-IM) process for processing of sisal fiber (3 mm and 8 mm) reinforced poly-lactic acid biocomposites with a fiber weight fraction of 30%. For a comparative analysis, mechanical and morphological behavior of biocomposites developed using D-IM process is compared with biocomposites developed using extrusion-injection molding (E-IM) process. The mechanical behavior in terms of tensile, flexural and impact properties is compared and discussed in relation to extracted fiber morphology and fiber orientation as well as dispersion within the developed biocomposites. Morphological investigation of extracted fibers revealed severe fiber attrition and fiber length variation during E-IM process as compared with D-IM process. However, short sisal fiber (3 mm) reinforced biocomposites developed ...
75 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of major laser process control parameters, such as the laser power, beam scanning speed and assisting gas flow rate, on cut surface integrity defined by the kerf width, taper percentage, and the extent of heat affected zone (HAZ) were investigated.
Abstract: In this experimental study, the effects of major laser process control parameters, such as the laser power, beam scanning speed and assisting gas flow rate, on cut surface integrity defined by the kerf width, taper percentage, and the extent of heat affected zone (HAZ) were investigated. Response surface methodology (RSM) along with central composite design (CCD) of the experiment was used to optimize the process parameters to get better-cut surface quality. The optimum values of process parameters corresponding to cut surface with minimum defects are laser power 260 W, cutting speed 4500 mm per min, and assistance gas flow rate 14.23 l/min and the corresponding kerf width, taper percentage, and the width of HAZ are found to be 163.7 µm, 5.75%, and 573.28 µm. The confirmation experiments have been conducted that provide favorable results with an error of 2.70%, 1.87%, and 0.36%, for kerf width, taper percentage, and width of HAZ, respectively.
74 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of cutting parameters on quality characteristics were analyzed by utilizing empirical models and also optimized within the tested range based on desirability approach, and the optimum parameter levels were also validated by confirmation test.
Abstract: For machining of composites, abrasive water jet machining is widely employed. For assembly of the machine tool structure, production of slots is essential. In this paper, abrasive water jet machining of composite laminates was experimentally investigated for various cutting parameters in terms of average surface roughness (Ra) and kerf taper (Kt). By generating a response surface model, the experimental values obtained for quality characteristics (Ra and Kt) were empirically related to cutting parameters. The effects of cutting parameters on quality characteristics were analyzed by utilizing empirical models and also optimized within the tested range based on desirability approach. The optimum parameter levels were also validated by confirmation test. From this investigation, it is evident that for obtaining a minimum kerf taper, traverse speed, water pressure, and abrasive mass flow rate are significant parameters and for obtaining less surface roughness traverse speed is the significant parameter.
74 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared changes in tool wear patterns for high pressure cooling (HPC) with those for flood cooling during rough face turning of wrought nickel-based alloy IN 718.
Abstract: Several emerging technologies are being explored to increase the efficiency of machining nickel based alloys. These include the so-called assisted machining processes. Within that group, use of high-pressure cooling has been increasing since its introduction in the 1950s by Pigott and Colwell. The present study compares changes in tool wear patterns for high-pressure cooling (HPC) with those for flood cooling during rough face-turning of wrought nickel-based alloy IN 718. The alloy was face-turned with uncoated carbide tools at a contact cutting speed of 30 m/min, using conventional and high-pressure coolants (HPCs) at 8 MPa (80 bar). Tool wear and cutting force components were recorded. HPC reduced flank wear more than 30%, and reduced cutting forces by more than 10%. In contrast, notch wear is higher and becomes predominant in HPC. Temperatures during turning were also measured and compared to the results obtained from finite element modeling to better understand differences in the notch formati...
69 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of machining parameters on delamination in the drilling of glass fiber-strengthened polypropylene (GFR-PP) composites is studied through the Box-Bhenken design.
Abstract: Glass fiber-reinforced polypropylene composites often replace the conventional materials due to their special or unique mechanical properties. As the applications of these composites increase for a number of industries, drilling of these composites is inevitable for subsequent composite product manufacturing stage. In the drilling of composites, the thrust force is induced during the drilling operation; as a result, it causes damage. This damage is characterized by the delamination factor, which depends on the machining parameters such as speed of the spindle, feed rate, and drill diameter. The study on the delamination in the drilling of glass fiber-reinforced polypropylene is limited and has been carried out comprehensively. The effect of machining parameters on delamination in the drilling of glass fiber-strengthened polypropylene (GFR-PP) composites is studied through the Box–Bhenken design. Response surface method, along with the desirability analysis, is used for modeling and optimization of...
64 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the pre-dry mixing process was compared with the general mixing and separate mixing processes, which have been previously studied, and compared with another alternative new mixing method called the pre dry mixing process, which could prove beneficial for curing purposes.
Abstract: The manufacturing process of geopolymer cement generally uses alkaline solutions mixed with alumina-silicate prime materials to form a cement paste. Other factors may be set up for the designated experiment, e.g., material constituents, activator’s concentration and curing regimes. One of the latent factors influencing the properties of geopolymer, which has received less attention, is a mixing method. General mixing and separate mixing processes, which have been previously studied, were synthesized as controlled procedures and compared with another alternative new mixing method called the pre-dry mixing process. The results have shown that the pre-dry mixing process provided high potential heat liberation, which could prove beneficial for curing purposes. It is confirmed that the proper mixing order leads to better results, especially for any of the alkaline-activated cementitious binders. With more practicality in field application, by just adding water, this process could be developed and appli...
63 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the Williamson-Hall method was used to determine coherent WC domain sizes of conventional and nanostructured powders and their modifications after selecting laser melting (SLM) processing.
Abstract: Microstructural modifications and mechanical properties of samples manufactured from conventional and nanocomposite WC/Co12 powders by means of Selective laser melting (SLM) are compared after processing with the same parameter set. Studying their homogeneity reveals that in both samples coarse and fine carbides segregate in the molten pool. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis shows significant changes in the microstructure and crystalline phases present in the WC/Co mixture and after SLM. Thermal decomposition of WC leads to the formation of W2C dicarbides and the appearance of the complex Co-W-C ternary phase. No residual pure cobalt after SLM was detected in the samples. The Williamson–Hall method allows determining coherent WC domain sizes of conventional and nanostructured powders (56 ± 6 nm and 10 ± 3 nm, respectively) and microstrains (∼0 for both) as well as their modifications after SLM processing (180 ± 50 nm and 2 ⋅ 10−3 ± 4 ⋅ 10−4 for the nanophased sample, and 330 ± 100 nm and 2 ⋅ 10−3 ±...
TL;DR: For the additive manufacturing technologies with lat... as discussed by the authors, the cost competitive and efficient in producing large and complex components in aerospace applications is the main challenge of additive manufacturing with wire feed additive manufacturing.
Abstract: Wire-feed additive manufacturing is cost competitive and efficient in producing large and complex components in aerospace applications. However, for the additive manufacturing technologies with lat...
TL;DR: In this article, the orthogonal turning of ZK60 magnesium alloy with linearly textured cutting inserts under both dry and liquid nitrogen (LN2) cooling conditions was investigated.
Abstract: Reducing the contact area between the cutting tool rake surface and chip promotes the machining performance of the work material and increases the tool life. Magnesium alloys are ductile-lightweight materials that form continuous chips during machining. The present investigation discusses the orthogonal turning of ZK60 magnesium alloy with linearly textured cutting inserts under both dry and liquid nitrogen (LN2) cooling conditions. Linear grooves that are parallel and perpendicular to chip flow direction were created using Nd-YAG laser on the tungsten carbide cutting inserts. The effect of texturing combined with the application of LN2 cooling is studied by evaluating the machining temperature and forces, microhardness, surface roughness and tool wear. Textured tools considerably minimize the liaison area of the chip with the rake plane compared to non-textured tools, which resulted in favorable effects in machinability. In case of cryogenic machining, textured tools substantially minimize the fr...
TL;DR: In this article, the performance of longitudinal-torsional (L-T) vibration in UAD of Al 7075-T6 with HSS tool is investigated and a vibration tool with ability of producing L-T vibration was designed.
Abstract: In general, drilling of aeronautical materials is faced with some difficulties. To improve this process, a variety of methods have been presented by researchers. One of these methods is ultrasonic-assisted drilling (UAD). In this study, performance of longitudinal−torsional (L-T) vibration in UAD of Al 7075-T6 with HSS tool is investigated. Accordingly, a vibration tool with ability of producing L-T vibration was designed. After modal analysis and achievement of desired resonance frequency, it was fabricated and some experimental tests were conducted. A dynamometer with six degrees of freedom was utilized to measure torque and thrust force during the cutting process. As a result, it was revealed that this kind of vibration significantly reduces cutting forces compared with the conventional drilling (CD). Furthermore, this reduction was clarified by investigation of generated chips and tool rake angle. Moreover, effect of ultrasonic vibration on drill skidding and surface quality has been studied.
TL;DR: In this article, the multi-attribute decision-making of cryogenically cooled micro-EDM (CμEDM) drilling process was presented to optimize the multiple responses of geometrical characterization including taper angle (TA), overcut (OC), circularity at the entry and exit (Cent and Cexit), and performance measures including material removal rate (MRR), tool wear rate (TWR), and average roughness (Ra).
Abstract: The geometrical characteristics of the micro-holes along with the performance measures are matter of critical concern in micro-electrical discharge machining (μEDM) process. This paper presents the multi-attribute decision-making of cryogenically cooled micro-EDM (CμEDM) drilling process. Current (Ip), pulse on duration (Ton), pulse off duration (Toff), and gap voltage (Vg) were the input process parameters preferred to optimize the multiple responses of geometrical characterization including taper angle (TA), overcut (OC), circularity at the entry and exit (Cent and Cexit), and performance measures including material removal rate (MRR), tool wear rate (TWR), and average roughness (Ra). The Taguchi-based L27 orthogonal array (OA) is used to carry out the experimental runs, and technique for order of preference by similarity ideal solution (TOPSIS) approach is used for the identification of optimal parameters on AISI 304 stainless steel. The optimized result achieved from this approach suggests imp...
TL;DR: In this paper, a comparison is made of cryogenic turning results, such as tool flank wear, cutting forces (feed force, main cutting force), cutting temperature, chip morphology and surface integrity characteristics with wet machining during machining of heat-treated 17-4 PH SS.
Abstract: Machining of 17-4 Precipitation Hardenable Stainless Steel (PH SS) is one of the difficult tasks because of its high cutting temperatures. Conventional cutting fluids are used to overcome the high cutting temperatures, but these are not acceptable from the health and environmental sustainable points of view. Cryogenic cooling is one of the potential techniques to overcome such problems. In the current work, comparison is made of cryogenic turning results, such as tool flank wear, cutting forces (feed force, main cutting force), cutting temperature, chip morphology and surface integrity characteristics with wet machining during machining of heat-treated 17-4 PH SS. The result showed that in cryogenic machining, a maximum of 53%, 78%, 35% and 16% reductions was observed in tool flank wear, cutting temperature, surface roughness and cutting force, respectively, when compared with wet machining. It was also evident from the experimental results that cryogenic machining significantly improved the machi...
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of several process variables, namely: spindle speed, feed rate, coolant pressure, and ultrasonic power, on considered machining characteristics of interest, i.e., chipping size and material removal rate in the rotary ultrasonic machining of alumina ceramic.
Abstract: Alumina ceramic is well documented as a much-demanded advanced ceramic in the present competitive structure of manufacturing and industrial applications owing to its excellent and superior properties. The current article aimed to experimentally investigate the influence of several process variables, namely: spindle speed, feed rate, coolant pressure, and ultrasonic power, on considered machining characteristics of interest, i.e., chipping size and material removal rate in the rotary ultrasonic machining of alumina ceramic. Response surface methodology has been employed in the form of a central composite rotatable design to design the experiments. Variance analysis testing has also been performed with a view to observing the consequence of the considered parameters. The microstructure of machined rod samples was evaluated and analyzed using a scanning electron microscope. This analysis has revealed and confirmed the presence of plastic deformation that caused removal of material along with brittle ...
TL;DR: Two techniques, namely genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) were applied, and the optimal settings of input constraints were predicted and the interaction effect of various input parameters on mark intensity was studied.
Abstract: Laser micro-marking is an efficient technique for permanent marking and logo printing on materials. This study details the selection of an optimal parametric combination for laser micro-marking. In this work, markings were performed on Gallium Nitride (GaN) with varying the levels of marking parameters. The parameters considered in the present work are current (A), pulse frequency (Hz), and scanning speed (mm/sec). This experiment was designed using a “central composite design,” grounded in the response surface methodology. Mark intensity, which is a prominent response in laser marking, was considered the output response. The data interpretation involved analysis of variance (ANOVA) and mathematical modelling between the input parameters. It is essential to determine the relationship and significance of input-output variation. The interaction effect of various input parameters on mark intensity was also studied. Finally, two techniques, namely genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization...
TL;DR: In this paper, the use of microwave energy for application in several material processing technologies apart from food processing is discussed, and a special emphasis has been made in the processing of glass adopting microwave energy.
Abstract: Material processing adopting microwave heating has emerged as an alternative tool owing to faster processing, a cleaner environment, and several other advantages. This review provides a summary of recent reports of microwave synthesis of materials. This study reviews the use of microwave energy for application in several material processing technologies apart from food processing. A special emphasis has been made in the processing of glass adopting microwave energy. Melting of glass comprising SiO2, P2O5, B2O3 as the main building block has been discussed. It has been revealed that silica, a microwave transparent material as reported earlier, can be heated under microwave heating directly. Microwave absorption of raw materials and different glass system has been discussed. Dielectric properties, particularly loss tangent or loss factor, are presented for some glass composition. Less evaporation of ingredient and low contamination from the crucible wall are noticed during glass melting using microw...
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of control parameters on response measures, that is, surface roughness, material removal rate, and edge deviation, was analyzed and optimization of parameters considering different weight percentage for each performance measure.
Abstract: This article focuses on parametric optimization for photochemical machining (PCM) of brass and german silver. The aim of the study is to analyze the effect of control parameters on response measures, that is, surface roughness, material removal rate, and edge deviation and optimization of parameters considering different weight percentage for each performance measure. The control parameters have been selected as etchant concentration, etching temperature, and etching time. Using full factorial method of design of experiments, PCM has been carried out using ferric chloride as etchant. Surface roughness and edge deviation should be less, while material removal rate is desired high. For satisfying this multi-objective condition, overall evaluation criteria (OEC) have been formulated by assigning different and equal weight percentage to response measures. The optimized condition for particular OEC is obtained, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) has been performed for observing effect of control paramete...
TL;DR: In this article, the Al-10%SiCp metal matrix composite (MMC) has been machined after mixing the appropriate amount of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) into the EDM dielectric fluid.
Abstract: The demand for miniaturized products having a glossy surface or nano-level surface is increasing exponentially in automobile, aerospace, biomedical, and semiconductor industries. The mirror-like surface finish has generated a need to develop advanced machining processes. The addition of powder particle into electric discharge machining (EDM) oil is considered a promising technique to achieve surface integrity at the miniaturization level. In this research, the Al–10%SiCp metal matrix composite (MMC) has been machined after mixing the appropriate amount of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) into the EDM dielectric fluid. An advanced experimental setup has been designed and fabricated in the laboratory for conducting the experiments. This proposed technology is called nano powder mixed electric discharge machining (NPMEDM). The input parameters of NPMEDM are also optimized using central composite rotatable design (CCRD) based on response surface methodology (RSM) in order to obtain the best surfa...
TL;DR: Laser peening without protective coating (LPwC) is an advanced mechanical surface modification method being used for a wide range of metallic materials for improving their fatigue and corrosion properties.
Abstract: Laser peening without protective coating (LPwC) is an advanced mechanical surface modification method being used for a wide range of metallic materials for improving their fatigue and corrosion properties. The literature review of LPwC for the last two decades is systematically presented. The mechanism and experimental parameters of LPwC are described comprehensively. The major factors that influence the fatigue or corrosion properties, for example, compressive residual stress (CRS) and surface roughness, are analyzed with great care using the available data from the literature. A list of suggestions for future work in LPwC is given at the end.
TL;DR: In this paper, a multi-response optimization in the abrasive water jet machining (AWJM) of Inconel 617 using weighted principal component analysis (WPCA) is presented.
Abstract: Inconel 617 is a hard-to-machine material used for various high-temperature components like headers, pipes and turbine blades in ultra-supercritical power plants. This material necessitates nontraditional machining methods. The processing of these alloys using abrasive water jet machining (AWJM) needs attention. This paper details the multi-response optimization in the AWJM of Inconel 617 using weighted principal components analysis (WPCA). The significant process parameters are water pressure, abrasive flow volume, standoff distance and table feed. The performance characteristics are material removal rate (MRR), circularity, cylindricity, perpendicularity and parallelism. Multi-performance optimization is performed using the weighted principal component analysis method. Mean response tables are developed and plotted and the optimal factor levels for the best values of the objectives are reported. The developed technique shows flexibility as different responses with different weightages based on t...
TL;DR: The literature is filled with works done by researchers working in this domain this paper, and a significant contribution comes from the works which have been published during the period 1998-2014, which have primarily been on conventional and non-conventional micromachining techniques.
Abstract: The concept of miniaturizing machine tools has received a strong interest in the research community due to their ability to fabricate intricate components. Lower power consumption, higher productivity rate, and smaller sizes of work stations have enabled microscale machining operations to acquire an edge over other fabrication techniques in various applications such as aerospace, instrumentation, automotive, biomedical, etc. The literature is filled with works done by researchers working in this domain. A significant contribution comes from the works which have been published during the period 1998–2014. The focus of these studies has primarily been on conventional and nonconventional micromachining techniques. Since nonconventional machining operations such as microelectrical discharge machining, laser machining, etc., are not compatible with traditional workpiece materials, conventional micromachining techniques such as micromilling and microdrilling are generally used. However, as of today, the...
TL;DR: A novel parameter-free surrogate building algorithm using Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) is presented to provide an intelligent and robust technology to optimally estimate the configuration of ANFIS along with Sobol-based fast sample size determination (SSD) methodology.
Abstract: KERNEL – A novel parameter-free surrogate building algorithm using Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) is presented to provide an intelligent and robust technology to optimally es...
TL;DR: In this article, non-edible neem oil was used as a base oil and a food grade emulsifier was used, thus, the cutting fluid is totally biodegradable.
Abstract: Huge quantity of petroleum and mineral-based cutting fluids mixed with carcinogenic additives to increase their performance is used every year in the manufacturing industry. Application of such fluids poses a serious hazard to the environment, workers, and personnel who directly or indirectly come in contact with them. Disposal of these cutting fluids without neutralization has a high potential of contaminating the water bodies and affects the aquatic life. Various vegetable-based cutting fluids have been formulated from edible oils, but less work is reported on non-edible oils. In this work, non-edible neem oil was used as a base oil and a food grade emulsifier was used. Thus, the cutting fluid is totally biodegradable. Various cutting fluids were formulated, and then, experiments were done on EN8 with uncoated carbides on lathe machine and various results reported. The neem oil has inherent anti-microbial properties and thus prevents microbial contamination for a long period of time. This newly ...
TL;DR: In this paper, a small quantity cooling lubrication (SQCL) technology using nanofluids, namely, multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) and alumina nanofluid, was used for reciprocating surface grinding using a vitrified SiC wheel.
Abstract: Ti-6Al-4V is a difficult-to-grind material as chips tend to adhere to the grit materials of an abrasive wheel due to its chemical affinity. In the present work, it has been attempted to improve the grindability by application of small quantity cooling lubrication (SQCL) technology using nanofluids, namely, multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) and alumina nanofluid. The suitability of nanofluids was experimentally evaluated in reciprocating surface grinding using a vitrified SiC wheel. Substantial improvement in grindability under the influence of MWCNT nanofluid (SQCL) could be achieved compared to soluble oil (flood). Reduction of specific grinding forces and specific energy was observed due to the combined effect of superior heat dissipation and lubrication abilities; when the latter one was realized through on-site rolling of MWCNT strands, inter-tubular slip and solid lubrication of the film adhered onto the wheel surface. These outperforming characteristics of MWCNT nanofluid helped in retaini...
TL;DR: In this article, the machining process was optimized by applying a numerical approach through ANSYS/LS-DY, which led to diminishing machining barriers such as burr formation and chip-breaking.
Abstract: In the present work, the machinability of nickel–titanium (Nitinol) shape memory alloy has been discussed. Nitinol is known as a difficult-to-machine alloy due to its high hardness, which requires a large amount of cutting force, resulting in high rate of tool wearing. Therefore, researchers have made an effort to ameliorate the machinability of this material to achieve a finer surface quality. The previous studies found that the cutting speed will remarkably influence the surface properties of machined nickel–titanium alloy in turning process. Tool wear and cutting force are at minimum values in a particular range of cutting speeds so that it leads to diminishing machining barriers such as burr formation and chip-breaking. Lower cutting force and consequently lower temperature and stresses in the machining process improve the mechanical properties as well as reducing hardness, distortion, and residual stress. The machining process was optimized by applying a numerical approach through ANSYS/LS-DY...
TL;DR: In this paper, the development in manufacturing technology enhances the mechanical behavior of machined parts and improves the surface finish with high precision, which conveys the progressive importance of magnetic materials.
Abstract: Development in manufacturing technology enhances the mechanical behavior of machined parts and improves the surface finish with high precision, which conveys the progressive importance of magnetic ...
TL;DR: In this paper, the performance of nanofluid using multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) in distilled water and sodium dodecyl sulfate surfactant for turning operation on EN 31 material was evaluated.
Abstract: This paper evaluates the performance of nanofluid using multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) in distilled water and sodium dodecyl sulfate surfactant for turning operation on EN 31 material. Turning was performed without any fluid, with conventional, mineral oil–based cutting fluid, and with nanofluid. The flow rates of both fluids were limited to 1 L/h and these fluids were applied at the tool tip through gravity feed. Cutting forces, wear on tool, and surface finish on workpiece were measured as responses while turning under the three conditions. The responses obtained in three different conditions of turning are then compared. It is found that application of MWCNT-based nanofluid resulted in 49% and 30% lesser tool wear than machining without any fluid and machining with mineral oil–based fluid, respectively. The use of nanofluid also resulted in 5–8% lesser cutting force and 9–22% better surface finish of the workpiece as compared with conventional cutting fluid. Thus, MWCNT-based nanofluid p...