Showing papers in "Mathematical Social Sciences in 1983"

TL;DR: In this article, the concept of a limit ESS was introduced for two-person games in normal form, and several theorems on the properties of such games were provided for the analysis of specific games.

TL;DR: The authors introduced a new index of poverty, which satisfies all the axioms for "a good index" of poverty and showed that the index satisfies all of the criteria for a good index.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors prove Arrow's theorem for tree quasi-orders and discuss it in the context of attempting to construct the evolutionary history of a group of species, and then characterize axiomatically two natural classes of consensus rules for classifications.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors formalized the paternalistic relationship between the state and the firm and examined the comparative implications of state subsidies to firms subject to stochastic economic events and provided a common framework for analysis of excess supply and unemployment in Western economies along with excess demand and chronic shortage in their Eastern counterparts.

TL;DR: In this article, the relation between information patterns and Nash Equilibria in extensive games is explored, where players know what players know about moves made by others, as well as by chance.

TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that any set of restricted domains of preferences admits an n-person non-dictatorial Arrow-type social welfare function if and only if it admits a two-person Arrow type social welfare functions.

TL;DR: In this article, Tchuente et al. studied the dynamical behavior of such a society under local majority rules and provided algebraic invariants analogous to those exhibited in Goles (1980) for the study of Boolean threshold functions.

TL;DR: In this article, sufficient conditions for the nonemptiness of approximate cores of sequences of replica games are established, i.e., for all sufficiently large replications the games have non-empty approximate cores and the approximation can be made arbitrarily good.

TL;DR: This taxonomy includes discriminant models, feature-confusion models, sophisticated guessing models and choice models, which provide a framework for the application of these models to theories of human pattern recognition.

TL;DR: In this paper, a model of a coalition production economy allowing set-up costs, indivisibilities, and nonconvexities is developed, and it is shown that for all sufficiently large replications, approximate cores of the economy are nonempty.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the properties of the class of n × n matrices such that some or all of the signs of the nonzero elements of the inverse matrix can be determined based only upon the knowledge of the sign of the matrix being inverted.

TL;DR: It is proved that a published ‘metric’ on partitions of a set in fact violates the triangle inequality and so is merely a semimetric and the relationship between the nearest neighbor interchange metric on labeled binary trees and the closest partition distance measure proposed by Waterman and Smith (1978).

TL;DR: In this article, a new characterization of LS sets is given and used to derive simple proofs of several important results on LS sets in graphs or hypergraphs, which can be used to provide a way of addressing simultaneously both intra-set ties and inter-subset ties.

TL;DR: In this paper, a long-run and short-run model of the political business cycle is integrated using the framework of the Nordhaus model, and it is shown that under general conditions the optimal policy for a vote-maximizing government will lead to the generation of a political cycle, providing some dynamic tradeoff exists between politically relevant variables.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors considered bargaining solutions with individual rationality, Pareto optimality, independence of equivalent utility representations, and independence of irrelevant alternatives, and proved that all such bargaining solutions are risk sensitive.

TL;DR: In this paper, a personal view of developments in two main areas of decision theory, decision making under risk and uncertainty, and social choice theory, with emphasis on the past half century and on likely future directions, is presented.

TL;DR: A geometrical approach to group choice theory is developed in this paper, where main binary relation spaces of weak preference, strict preference, and indifference are described and a method of constructing admissible group decisions is suggested.

TL;DR: Proposed algorithms for computing the closest partition distance are shown to be of exponential complexity and hence may not be useful in approximating the nearest neighbor interchange distance.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied the problem of fair division in situations where the number of individuals involved may vary while the resources at their disposal remain fixed, and they showed that the Kalai-Smorodinsky solution offers greater guarantees than any weakly Pareto-optimal and anonymous solution and in particular than the Nash solution.

TL;DR: In this paper, an alternative (weaker) concept of representability is developed and it is shown that this concept can partially accommodate intransitivity and non-binariness.

TL;DR: In this paper, an attempt is made to outline a theory of complexity for economics and social science purposes, which realizes complexity as an analytical category, and develops a comprehensive theory of structural forms, structural change and qualitative systems behavior based on these methods.

TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the economic adjustment mechanism developed by Hurwicz and his associates has the structure of automata and that certain price adjustment mechanisms, having an acceptability condition, impose a group structure upon the automaton.

TL;DR: An algorithm for identifying Morishima and anti-Morishima matrices, which is a depth first traversal with certain markers added to keep track of parsing of nodes and signs of edges.

TL;DR: The work of Menger in social science is briefly surveyed in this paper in particular in the areas of marginal utility and diminishing value, utility, and uncertainty, a logic of imperatives based on deterrence, and a theory of voluntary associations in which cohesive groups are studied combinatorially.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide a technique for calculating aspirations and an interpretation of aspirations as the set all coalitionally rational payoff distributions for the game, and also show that unlike the other solution spaces which are compact convex subsets of R N, the set of aspirations is not convex and indeed not even star shaped.

TL;DR: In a recent paper as discussed by the authors, Grether and Plott (1982) have extended Arrow's General Possibility Theorem to the case where choice over small (in particular two-element) sets may not be possible.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors consider a voting system in which candidates start at a common location (such as the status quo for the society's policies and/or the same allocation of campaign resources) and show that the decisions of vote-seeking candidates who start at such locations contain implicit rationality properties.