Showing papers in "Mathematical Social Sciences in 1996"

TL;DR: Lakoff as discussed by the authors analyzes political discussion to find that the family - especially the ideal family - is the most powerful metaphor in politics, revealing how family-based moral values determine views on such diverse issues as crime, gun control, taxation, social programmes, and the environment.

TL;DR: In this article, the class of complete simple games is studied and the basic properties of a vector with natural components and a matrix with non-negative integer entries are established, which are also shown to be characteristic invariants of the game.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors consider a simple production model and assume that the agents have unequal production skills that can in no way be considered their responsibility, and they study how it is possible to compensate for differential skills while holding agents responsible for their preferences towards consumption and leisure.

TL;DR: In this paper, the Hart-Mas-Colell potential function is used to prove the Shapley value as a by-product of balanced contributions in TU games, which is similar to the reciprocity properties shared by almost all cooperative solutions.

TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that order statistics are the only functions that are continuous comparison meaningful means on powers of simple orders, and they are also the only function that can be used for continuous comparison on simple orders.

TL;DR: In this article, the product of two monotone capacities is defined as a minimal product belief function, which is characterized in several ways, e.g., by the existence of a unique belief function for each belief function.

TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that the most well-known decomposable capacities prove to be distorted probabilities, and that any concave distortion of a probability is decomposability.

TL;DR: In this article, double-offer arbitration (DOA) is proposed to improve the performance of the arbitration process, where each arbitrator evaluates the two double offers by a criterion function, then adopts the primary offer of the disputant with a better criterion value.

TL;DR: In this article, the vulnerability of a voting system to monotonicity paradoxes is defined as the proportion of voting situations that can give rise to such paradoxes, and the authors provide analytical representations of this vulnerability in the three-alternative case for two voting systems, i.e., plurality with run-off (f1) and anti-plurality with run off (f2).

TL;DR: In this article, a theory describing the emergence and evolution of preference relations over real-time is presented, where the subject or consumer is regarded as immersed in a random environment of the Poisson type.

TL;DR: The authors provide characterizations of Leximin principles for social evaluation in an intertemporal framework, so that they can be used to compare social alternatives with different population sizes.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors generalize the concept of utility arbitrage introduced by Page and provide a characterization of a competitive asset exchange economy with complete markets and risk-averse investors in which there is an absence of wealth-increasing arbitrages but there does not exist a competitive general equilibrium.

TL;DR: A system of axioms for a utility representation of preferences on the set of non-additive set functions is presented, and its usefulness with respect to decision theory is evaluated.

TL;DR: In this article, the envy-free auction mechanisms are investigated and the authors find out whether they are profitable, i.e. every type of every cartel member gains from ring formation, and coalition proof.

TL;DR: In this paper, necessary and sufficient axioms for a decreasingly absolute risk averse von Neumann-Morgenstern utility function on the real line to be representable by a sumex functional form were developed.

TL;DR: In this article, a set of axioms for common belief in a system where beliefs are only required to be monotonic are presented. But the notion of common belief cannot be expressed by a finitary logic.

TL;DR: In this article, a link between the notions of efficiency in mechanism design literature and efficiency in games in terms of correlated equilibrium and the revelation principle is forged, and it is shown that there is a trade-off between efficiency and revelation principle.

TL;DR: In this article, a Pareto-efficient subsolution of the Identical Preferences Lower Bound solution satisfying population monotonicity in economies with one indivisible good and where preferences are not necessarily quasi-linear is presented.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors consider the problem of team selection in a two-stage game and show that under certain minimal assumptions about equilibrium selection, every equilibrium is efficient and that the set of "important" team members is unique: only those who are included in all efficient teams have the chance to get a positive reward.

TL;DR: This paper used a set of axioms to characterise a one-parameter class of inequality measures which includes the Gini coefficient, which they called I-Ginis, and they used an independence axiom to define the independence of the axiom.

TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that the kernel of a weighted majority game without winning players is star-shaped and that the normalized vector of weights of the minimal representation of the truncated game is a center of both of the kernels of the original game and the truncation game.

TL;DR: In this article, the effect of information on the nature of conflict is examined and the Nash equilibrium for each possible value of the parameters, including the size of the surplus, its no-conflict division, the costs of fighting, and each side's probabilities of being strong or weak, is derived.

TL;DR: In this paper, the optimal consumption/saving plan is determined by applying a new set of necessary and sufficient conditions and by means of relaxed controls, and the main results are that an optimal plan exists and, under some conditions, a life cycle exists, i.e. the consumer may decide to save for an initial period of his life.

TL;DR: In this paper, a linear time algorithm to find the minimum n such that a given unit interval graph is an n-graph in a particular case is presented. And a linear programming formulation is also presented, with a discussion of the connections between this work and the theory of semiorders.