Showing papers in "Psychiatric Clinics of North America in 2005"

TL;DR: It is shown that behavioral treatment is effective in inducing a 10% weight loss, which is sufficient to significantly improve health, and innovative programs are being developed to disseminate behavioral approaches beyond traditional academic settings.

TL;DR: The obesity epidemic in the United States has proven difficult to reverse, and experts do not agree on which strategies should be implemented on a widespread basis to achieve the behavioral changes in the population needed to reverse the high prevalence rates of obesity.

TL;DR: Findings suggest that general psychopathology symptoms, such as depression and anxiety, may become important treatment targets as strategies are developed for translating cognitive enhancement to real-world functional performance.

TL;DR: There is robust evidence demonstrating abnormalities of the HPA axis in bipolar disorder, and recent data suggest that direct antagonism of GRs maybe a future therapeutic strategy in the treatment of mood disorders.

TL;DR: Much remains to be learned, however, regarding the specific biologic, genetic, and information-processing mechanisms underlying many features of this complex cognitive construct.

TL;DR: This research presents a new perspective on human appearance from the perspective of a post-graduate student, using a model derived from the model developed at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine in 2012.

TL;DR: This article has attempted to show how early evidence of the existence of multiple memory systems in the brain arose from the study of a few patients with bilateral damage to the medial structures of the temporal lobe in the hippocampal region, as in the case of the now famous patient HM.

TL;DR: A strong association between diet adherence and clinically significant weight loss is found, suggesting that “sustained adherence to a diet’ rather than “following a certain type of diet” is the key to successful weight management.

TL;DR: This article examines critically the caregiver intervention studies published between 1999 and 2005 to identify recent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the efficacy toread NIMH P30 of psychosocial and negative health effects associated with caregiving.

TL;DR: MR studies associated with genetic, post-mortem, and neuropsychologic studies will be valuable in separating state from trait brain abnormalities and in further characterizing the genetic determinants, the neuropathologic underpinnings, and the cognitive disturbances of bipolar disorder.

TL;DR: Evidence-Based Treatment of Geriatric Anxiety Disorders Julie Loebach Wetherell, PhD, Eric J. Lenze, MD, Melinda A. Stanley, PhD are authors of this monograph.

TL;DR: Evidence is shown that obesity is related to several psychiatric disorders, the most thoroughly researched of which is depression, and the observed relationship is more consistent in women than in men, and is stronger in more severely obese individuals.

TL;DR: This review systematically evaluates the evidence base for psychotherapy as an empirically supported treatment of late-life depression and is an update of the present authors’ recent review of the literature.

TL;DR: An appropriate combination of such neuropsychologic tests and batteries, including the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Tower test, Stroop test, the D-KEFS, and the ECB, provides an adequate but relatively crude mechanism for assessing executive systems dysfunction.

TL;DR: Movement disorders commonly are associated with many psychotropic drugs, including serotonin-specific reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), including mild parkinsonian symptoms, dystonia, dyskinesia, and akathisia.

TL;DR: This review, intended for a broad scientific readership, summarizes evidence relevant to whether a causal relation exists between dietary iron deficiency with (ID A) or without (ID-A) anemia during development and deficits in subsequent cognitive or behavioral performance.

TL;DR: Manipulating one's work environment to maximize safety and understanding how to de-escalate potentially mounting violence are two steps in the approach to the violent patient.

TL;DR: Given the reduction in relapse rates and hospitalizations associated with the use of psychologic therapy as an adjunct to medication, it is likely that these approaches will prove to be clinically and cost effective and provide a significant improvement in the quality of life of individuals with BP.

TL;DR: The interventions with collaborative care, in which an on-sitemental health specialist and the primary care clinician shared the care of depressed patients, most successfully overcame many of the obstacles of appropriate treatment and the prevention of relapse or recurrence.

TL;DR: Clearly, efforts directed toward phenotyping neuropsychiatric disorders using such measures, in addition to other clinical, neuroimaging, neurophysiologic, and genotypic information, may yield important insights into the development, nature, and course of illness.

TL;DR: Overall, the atypical antipsychotic agents as a group represent an effective and relatively safe addition to the armamentarium for the treatment of bipolar disorder.

TL;DR: The article discusses medical versus public health models as they relate to obesity issue, and ends by proposing changes in public policy the authors believe may help advance the field.

TL;DR: A multidisciplinary approach is warranted and is at times essential to improve the diagnosis and care of these difficult patients.

TL;DR: Results from a large study indicate that LAM has significant efficacy in bipolar depression without the associated risks of cycle acceleration or manic/hypomanic switches, and should be considered along with lithium or DIV as treatment of choice in the long-term management of bipolar disorder.

TL;DR: Patients with BPD and an SUD have been the subject of relatively little investigation, but medications that are effective mood stabilizers seem to decrease substance use in some reports.

TL;DR: There are multiple ongoing trials of mood stabilizers and atypical antipsychotics that will provide important controlled data that are currently lacking in the field of pediatric bipolarity.

TL;DR: Timely access to evidence-based mental health treatment for older adults is a key goal of recent reports by the Older Adult Subcommittee of the National Institute of Mental Health and the Institute of Medicine.

TL;DR: Despite the common prevalence of depression in older adults, late-life depression is often under-recognized and under-treated, particularly in nonpsychiatric settings.

TL;DR: Results of weight loss interventions have shown that the most rapid weight loss is achieved by reducing energy intake, and energy expenditure in the form of physical activity should be incorporated into interventions.