Showing papers in "Renewable Energy in 1996"

TL;DR: In this paper, the slow pyrolysis of biomass in the form of pine wood was investigated in a static batch reactor at pyrolysisation temperatures from 300 to 720°C and heating rates from 5 to 80 K min−1.

TL;DR: A multiplicity of options, in terms of materials and devices, are currently being developed worldwide as mentioned in this paper, including amorphous and polycrystalline silicon, compound semiconductor thin films such as CuInSe 2 -based alloys, and CdTe thin-film solar cells.

TL;DR: In this article, the effect of variations of carbon dioxide in biogas on the performance of the engine was examined to simulate the engine running with different sources (varying proportion of methane and carbon dioxide).

TL;DR: In this article, a multi-purpose solar tunnel dryer was used to dry bananas under the hot and humid weather conditions of Thailand in order to investigate its performance, and seven drying tests were conducted at the Royal Chitralada Projects in Bangkok during March-May 1995.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe three examples of different types of scheme and these show the favourable financial returns that are possible with the use of small centrifugal pumps as turbines, as a low-cost alternative to crossflow turbines.

TL;DR: In this paper, the fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics of buoyancy-driven convection between two vertical parallel walls, heated from one side, were analyzed using a steady-state two-dimensional model.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors report the method of electric power generation from tidal currents and test results of the system which was specially designed for this purpose, consisting of a vertical axis turbine, a gear box, an electric generator, and a control unit.

TL;DR: In this article, four oxygenated compounds: methanol, furfural, anisole and cyclopentanone were passed over the zeolite catalyst ZSM-5 in its hydrogen form at different temperatures varying from 300 to 500°C.

TL;DR: In this paper, the three main methods of energy analysis are outlined and a brief description given of a hybrid analysis method that makes optimum use of all three methods for the case of steel produced from recycled scrap.

TL;DR: In this paper, the air movement and the distribution of CO2 in naturally ventilated office room and an atrium were investigated using computational fluid dynamics, and the results showed that natural ventilation is capable of achieving acceptable CO2 levels.

TL;DR: In this study of the influence of the temporal repartition of the load and of the simulation time step, the important energy surplus produced by the optimized autonomous photovoltaic system is determined.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the impact of different ground surface boundary conditions on the efficiency of a single and a multiple parallel earth-to-air heat exchanger system, and concluded that soil surface cover might be a significant controllable factor for the improvement of the performance of earth-To-Air heat exchangers.

TL;DR: In this article, a solar wall which absorbs solar energy into black paraffin wax which is an example of phase change material (PCM) is presented, and the stored heat is used for heating the air for the ventilation of the house.

TL;DR: In this paper, a sizing method starting from meteorological conditions in Corsica was extended to a twin-source system: solar/fuel electric generator with each source contribution being optimized, and the results obtained from such an approach show that a 75% solar rate is an optimal value to obtain an energy balance fitted to the local demand when compared to other systems for decentralized electricity generation.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an application case study and comparison of performance results between two computational models for simulating the performance of hybrid power systems, which are developed at the University of Massachusetts under National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) sponsorship.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe a digester design which can make this waste-to-energy conversion process possible, made possible by an integration of modern industrial digestion processes, and low-technology digestion concepts as seen in rural Chinese and Indian digesters.

TL;DR: In this article, the performance of a domestic solar water heating system operating with natural circulation (thermosyphon) and a daily hot water load has been analyzed through the use of the TRNSYS simulation program.

TL;DR: In this article, a PC-based measuring system is presented for outdoor testing of solar cells and modules under real operating conditions, which consists of a sun-tracked sample holder, different electronic loads (including control), digital multimeters, a PC and a laser printer.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors give an overview of the energy demands in Tanzania, and highlight the current serious shortage of electricity, highlighting the current government strategy to alleviate the problem include exploitation of the country's big natural gas reserves for power generation, and utilization of the renewable energies such as solar, wind and biogas.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe some of the performance aspects of an autonomous solar desiccant maize dryer developed for village use in Kenya, which is capable of regeneration at 45°C, has high moisture sorption of 45% (dwb), significantly extends the drying process at night and reduces aflatoxin contamination of the grain.

TL;DR: In this paper, two PV pumping schemes were investigated to get the maximum gross mechanical power in order to extract the maximum available energy from a nonlinear dc source and their operation has to be carefully matched to that of its equivalent electrical load.

TL;DR: In this paper, a spreadsheet computer program is used as a tool for the economic analysis because the general format of such a program is a table with cells which can contain values or formulae and the fact that they incorporate many build-in functions.

TL;DR: It is argued that the adaptive approach is likely to yield useful standards for thermal comfort world-wide that would take into account both climate and culture, and would need less energy than current standards.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects on performance of using various different absorber materials together with the integration of flat-plate collectors with storage systems in basin type solar stills are investigated.

TL;DR: In this paper, hourly wind data are recorded at Luqa International Airport (latitude 35°51.5′N, longitude 14°28.6′E) by the Department of Civil Aviation.

TL;DR: In this article, the behavior of a wind power system equipped with a continuously variable transmission (c.v.t) was examined in turbulent wind conditions using a dynamic model, and the simulation results showed that, when the actual wind speed fluctuations are taken into account, incorporating a V-belt transmission between the turbine and the electric generator yields greater advantages in terms of energy output than it does when the system is assessed in the steady-state.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of temperature and retention period on biogas production from lignooellulosic material, hereafter referred to as cow dung, was studied and the results showed that gas production was qotimum at 4th and 7th weeks of production.

TL;DR: A detailed description of a direct-mode solar dryer with a staircase design is presented in this article, where the temperature variation of the dryer compartments with time of day is plotted.

TL;DR: In this article, a PV plant for water pumping and desalination in remote area has been implemented; the plant was the first of its kind in Saudi Arabia; the design of PV plant was based on the specification of the site, the depth and quality of water, the daily water quantity produced and the autonomy period of the plant during cloudy conditions as well as other local climatic conditions.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed a diffuse-global correlation using data available in Marrakesh for diffuse component calculation purposes, and carried out a statistical comparison of three specific models for estimating daily global radiation on tilted surfaces.