Showing papers in "Survey of Ophthalmology in 2009"

TL;DR: It seems that combined pharmacologic and surgical therapy may be the best approach for the management of macular edema in diabetic patients.

TL;DR: Elucidating the complete range of systemic, environmental, and genetic factors linked with retinal vascular caliber changes may provide critical insight into the etiology, pathogenesis, and natural history of early vascular disease not only in the eye but across the body.

TL;DR: Prospective, randomized clinical trials are ongoing to determine the value and comparative risks and efficacy of lensectomy versus medical therapy, laser peripheral iridotomy, laser iridoplasty, and filtration procedures for the treatment of acute and chronic primary angle closure and for the prevention of chronic angle-closure glaucoma.

TL;DR: Different therapeutic strategies to treat retinal manifestations are discussed, including thermal laser coagulation, photodynamic therapy, and intravitreal injections of drugs inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor.

TL;DR: This review discusses the various etiologies and mechanisms resulting in orbital compartment syndrome, clinical features, imaging findings, treatment, and prognosis.

TL;DR: This comprehensive review contains an introduction in fundus autofluorescence imaging, including basic considerations, the origin of the signal, different imaging methods, and a brief overview offundus aut ofluorescence findings in normal subjects.

TL;DR: Ophthalmic cyclosporine 0.05% ophthalmic emulsion is a welcome nontoxic adjunct or replacement to potentially toxic topical or systemic immunosuppressive therapies.

TL;DR: The present aim is to review the current evidence-based treatment options including and beyond the use of corticosteroids and antivirals and to cultivate insights into developing therapeutic vaccination strategies to inhibit HSV stromal keratitis recurrences.

TL;DR: It is clear that the initial encouraging results described in this paper warrant further study of intravitreal bevacizumab in larger, controlled, randomized trials.

TL;DR: The unique challenges associated with irradiation of the orbit, basic radiobiology, doses, indications, and results of treatment are explored, synthesizing the world's experience on the use of orbital radiation therapy.

TL;DR: Intra-operative vital dyes are finding uses in corneal, glaucoma, orbit, strabismus, and conjunctival surgery, and novel dyes deserve further investigation.

TL;DR: The current evaluation data on applications of telemedicine for ROP, particularly involving the diagnostic accuracy and reliability of remote image interpretation by experts, is summarized and challenges such as the cost-effectiveness and barriers to implementation are addressed.

TL;DR: Histopathological examination of the eye of the deceased brother showed relative independent degeneration of choriocapillaris, retinal pigment epithelium, and retina, similar to observations in the mouse model of choroideremia.

TL;DR: Mitomycin C is an alkylating agent with cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects that reduces the myofibroblast repopulation after laser surface ablation and, therefore, reduces the risk of postoperative corneal haze.

TL;DR: The psychophysical tests of vision may detect subtle alterations in the macula before morphological fundus changes are apparent ophthalmoscopically, and before traditional measures of visual acuity exhibit deterioration, and may be a useful tool for assessing and monitoring patients with ARM.

TL;DR: Assessment of the state of knowledge in the area of IOP changes over time and the potential impact of such changes on treatment indicates that a random IOP measurement is a poor surrogate for IOP levels throughout the day and across visits.

TL;DR: This review summarizes recent literature data, showing how sight-threatening corneal complications can progressively develop from cicatricial pathologies of lid margin, tarsus, and fornix at the chronic stage and how such pathologies can be prevented with the early intervention of cryopreserved amniotic membrane transplantation to suppress inflammation and promote epithelial healing at the acute stage.

TL;DR: It is concluded that topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors increase ocular blood flow velocities in the retinal circulation, central retinal and short posterior ciliary arteries, but not in the ophthalmic artery.

TL;DR: A case of an orbital mass that was a recurrence of multiple myeloma is presented, and radiological evaluation shows that the majority of masses originate in the superotemporal quadrant.

TL;DR: Louis Braille is considered to be the inventor of a writing system by touch that bears his name, the Braille system, which has allowed blind people to access written culture, and it can be considered a major advance in the quality of life for the blind.

TL;DR: This review paper aims to consolidate the findings of previous papers with a view to providing a comprehensive review of the ocular manifestations of systemic sclerosis.

TL;DR: The principles of ophthalmic management in addition to intermediate and long-term management of eyelid burns are covered, with each case requiring an individual approach based on available skin.

TL;DR: Various orbital conditions associated with increased intraocular pressure and glaucoma are comprehensively summarized, and pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and treatment options of these diseases are discussed.

TL;DR: The effects of VEGF on atherosclerosis and the cardiovascular safety of anti-VEGF therapies in AMD are analyzed and the main cardiovascular adverse effects of these compounds have been thrombosis, hemorrhage and hypertension.

TL;DR: This work updates Batten disease research, particularly as it relates to the eye, and presents various theories on the pathophysiology of retinal degeneration.

TL;DR: The history of self-tonometry devices and present technologies for the future are reviewed to discover diurnal changes and spikes in glaucoma.

TL;DR: This review describes established, evolving, and new diagnostic techniques (e.g., high-frequency ultrasound and aspiration biopsy techniques) used in the diagnosis and management of eye cancer-related glaucoma.

TL;DR: Improvements in gene delivery techniques, refinement of vector construction methods, and development of better animal models combine to bring this potential therapy closer to reality.

TL;DR: The etiology of blepharochalasis has yet to be fully elucidated, but histpathologic examinations indicate that elastolytic activity, immunoglobulin A (IgA), and other inflammatory processes might play a substantial role in the pathogenesis of the disease.

TL;DR: This work reviews published posterior segment complications of LASIK, current clinical and experimental hypotheses explaining the occurrence of these events, and their management and outcome, and concludes that Vitreoretinal complications after LASik are very rare.