Showing papers in "Vision Research in 1976"

TL;DR: It is argued that eye movements in reading are under momentary, non-random control and models attempting to account for eye movement data on a random basis, or by simple gain controls or visual buffer monitoring are found acceptable.

TL;DR: Around the classical receptive field (regions within which a moving or flashing bar can elicit a response from a cell) there are large regions which dramatically influence the cell's responsiveness, which are facilitatory and inhibitory regions of the receptive field.

TL;DR: The only finding reminiscent of perceptual “saccadic suppression” and mislocation effects is that a target which steps to a position ahead of a saccade is sometimes ignored.

TL;DR: In a flashed target variation of the Wheeless paradigm, “cancellation time” is not observed in circumstances where the first target is believed to be ineffective, and latency is approximately the same whether target steps are synchronized to saccades or not.

TL;DR: A model for color sensations is described that computes three reflectances from the wavelength-radiance distribution without reflectance or illumination standards: hence, it is able to predict the color sensations seen by the observer.

TL;DR: No intermediaries were found between two discriminably different colors: rather, one changed abruptly to the other, and the abrupt change of color occurred even when the stimuli were doubly disparate, in shape and color.

TL;DR: In the range investigated the effect of contrast is small compared with that of spatial frequency, and at constant spatial frequency exposure durations of 30–60 msec produce shortest RTs.

TL;DR: It turns out that the large-distance interference limits eccentric spatial vision in daily life much more than classic visual acuity limits would indicate, and makes eccentric vision probably quite different from “unfocussed” foveal vision.

TL;DR: The contrast “halving” technique failed to demonstrate a sense of absolute contrast for inexperienced observers, but observers familiar with contrast were able to assess contrast linearly, and according to its suprathreshold value.

TL;DR: This paper takes a first step toward defining the neural code for one aspect of a moving object's appearance, its perceived direction of motion, by reporting a shift in perceived direction in direction-specific channels.

TL;DR: It is argued that the stimulus for pursuit eye movements is the appreciation of an object in motion with respect to the observer,Regardless of the retinal stimulation, and in some cases regardless of the sense modality through which the motion is detected.

TL;DR: Microspectrophotometric measurement of visual pigments, accompanied by microscopic identification of the cones containing them, reveals a strong correlation between structure (cone type) and function (visual pigment) in comet goldfish.

TL;DR: Displacement in the direction of the intended eye movement without jumping and a sensation that greateffort was required to move the eye were reported.

TL;DR: Using a cancellation technique, chromatic induction was measured in the configuration of a 30′–90′ annular test field fully surrounded by a 7° red inducing field and it was found that the latter also causes a (colour-selective) change of gain, consistent with the much disputed von Kries coefficient law.

TL;DR: The results are consistent with a model involving both a spatial frequency dependent input mediated by temporal frequency and an angular speed input relating to the movement of a single edge through the visual field.

TL;DR: The result suggests the existence of a mechanism for processing a high spatial frequency stimulus which demands more time than that forprocessing a low spatial frequency.

TL;DR: The visual system seems to utiliz a process similar to cross-correlation to detect coherent, position-invariant patterns of stimulation in random-dot patterns.

TL;DR: It is concluded that microsaccades are neither important or necessary for the succesful completion of finely guided visuomotor tasks and that naive subjects, who ordinarily make saccades frequently during fixation, can suppress them easily with minimal instruction.

TL;DR: Two types of experiments tested and confirmed the hypothesis that light-adaptation at scotopic and mesopic levels is produced by nonlinearities in the mechanisms of retinal transduction and can be used to suggest a theoretical basis for the Weber-Fechner relation.

TL;DR: A longitudinal study of the development of the visual acuity of young kittens was made using a behavioural method similar in principle to that employed by Lashley many years ago for his studies of pattern vision in the rat.

TL;DR: The optimum refraction at a series of wavelengths was determined by direct photoelectric measurement of the halfwidth of the double-pass, line-spread function by compared with the subjectively-estimated longitudinal chromatic aberration for the same eye.

TL;DR: These psychophysical results support the hypothesis that foveal direction-specific motion detecting mechanisms show only a limited or compressed response to stimulus contrast.

TL;DR: It was concluded that during dysmetria, there is a discrepancy between two high fidelity extraretinal signals, a reference input to the oculomotor nuclei which corresponds to the intended eye position, and a feedback signal which encodes actual eye position which is consistent with data often cited in favor of Outflow Theory.

TL;DR: Responses of individual goldfish cones to spectral lights were monitored using reduction of Nitro-blue tetrazolium chloride as an indicator of response magnitude.

TL;DR: This paper examines the structure of a channel and shows that it must be represented by an incoherent, rather than a coherent, type of detection, and examines the properties of the detection mechanism of a single channel.

TL;DR: Fourier effects are obtained from simple detection thresholds for checkerboard and striped gratings, without using complex waveforms, masking or pattern adaptation, and this Fourier mechanism seems to affect both achromatic and opponent-color pathways equally.

TL;DR: The sizes and distribution of ganglion cells in the retina of the owl monkey were determined from whole-mount preparations stained with cresyl violet, with slight horizontal and vertical elongations outside the central retina.

TL;DR: The close correspondence between resolution and motion thresholds for intermediate durations in both the fovea and the perphery is discussed and similar characteristics are displayed by motion detection mechanisms in the fvea and periphery.

TL;DR: The effect of changes in A 1 /A 2 visual pigment composition on the λ max of the mixture is most marked for the red-sensitive cones and it is suggested that the visual consequences of this large change is the principal reason for A 1/A 2 variability in this animal.