Showing papers in "Water Science and Technology in 1995"

TL;DR: Understanding of the occurrence of the toxins in aquatic environments and their actions at the molecular level and with whole organisms in laboratory studies indicates that this is possible.

TL;DR: The Activated Sludge Model No. 2 as mentioned in this paper was introduced as a further development of activated sludge model No. 1 and introduced phosphorus accumulating organisms (PAO) and allowed us to simulate the behavior of biological nutrient removal activations.

TL;DR: In this paper, a conceptual model for the bubble-particle reaction zone based on the single collector collision efficiency is summarized and discussed, and an alternative modeling approach is considered, based on particle-bubble agglomerate rise velocities.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied the use of an electrochemical destabilization coupled to a process of flotation (DAF) in waste water treatment, and the results obtained on an urban waste water treated by electrocoagulation and dissolved air flotation.

TL;DR: The results show that, for a given wastewater/sludge combination S/X can be crucial in obtaining reliable parameter estimates: at a very low ratio not all parameters could be identified.

TL;DR: The potentials and limitations of different molecular techniques used to determine the species composition of microbial communities, and to study the spatial distribution of their inhabitants, are described.

TL;DR: In this article, a substantial research demand is identified regarding the following questions: (i) what do biofilms sorb; (ii) what are the binding sites; (iii) what were the sorption mechanisms and capacity, and (iv) what is the remobilization potential.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the effectiveness of adding 20 to 80 mg/l of freshly slaked lime to the pond during the continuous paddle wheel mixing process to improve phosphorus, nitrogen and algae removal efficiency.

TL;DR: The Markermeer is a eutrophic shallow wind exposed lake in the Netherlands as mentioned in this paper, where persistent blooms of the cyanobacterium Oscillatoria agardhii do not occur.

TL;DR: In this paper, a field study on a permeable reservoir pavement constructed in 1986 at Nottingham, UK; surfaced with permeable, concrete block paving; and with a different sub-base stone-type in each of four reservoirs, from which the discharges were monitored for quantity and water quality.

TL;DR: In this paper, the results from two appliance usage surveys are presented to give detailed insight into the sub-daily variations of flow (quantity) and the relative importance of each appliance throughout the day.

TL;DR: In this paper, the potential effects of supplementing microbial phytase on digestibility and utilization of phosphorus (P) originating from plant materials were studied in trout, where diets were mainly based on soybean products and contained P only from plant material.

TL;DR: In this paper, an aerobic biofilm was characterized using confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM), O2 micro-electrodes, particle tracking and microinjection of fluorescent dyes.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigate a model that predicts the outcome of competition for nutrients and light in a mixed water column on the basis of monoculture characteristics and show that it is not only the ratio of nutrient supply to light supply but also their absolute supply rates that determines the outcome.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated an alternative of Cr removal from an electroplating wastewater using the electrochemical precipitation (ECP) process, which consisted of an electrolytic cell made of two steel plates representing anode and cathode.

TL;DR: The influence of biofilm structure on transport and transformation processes in biofilms has been investigated microscopically using microelectrodes, a micro-slicing procedure and various chemical and microbiological tests.

TL;DR: A group of organisms, which can cause deterioration of phosphate removal and has been referred to as “G bacterium”, is characterized as glycogen accumulating non-poly-P organisms (GAOs).

TL;DR: In this paper, a number of different designs exist in Europe, above all subsurface flow systems, which have been in use for 20 years, and all our present know-how and experience with constructed wetlands should enable us to convince the authorities and to obtain legal permission for the installation of constructed wetlands.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed statistics on the types and numbers and character of low-tech water treatment wetlands, including sedimentation, plant uptake, sorption, nutrient cycling, and chemical and microbial conversion.

TL;DR: In this paper, an energy balance is presented for a second generation Advanced Integrated Wastewater Pond System (AIWPS) prototype at the University of California, Berkeley, Environmental Engineering and Health Sciences Laboratory in Richmond, California.

TL;DR: Stable nitrification was possible only when the nitrifiers became established deeper inside the biofilm, due to the high biofilm detachment rate caused by the daily backwashing.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of a microbial phytase derived from Aspergillus niger on growth, body mineralization, phosphorus retention and phosphorus excretion were investigated in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.).

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of wastewater loading rate and planting with Schoenoplectus validus (soft-stem bulrush) on the accumulation of organic matter were investigated in four pairs of gravel-bed constructed wetlands.

TL;DR: In the first year there is little change in underseepage rate, but thereafter decline is rapid, reaching 50% of the original rate after 2 or 3 years.

TL;DR: A brief review of the existing understanding of constructed wetland systems can be found in this paper, identifying recent design philosophies, performance expectations and some limitations to present understanding and confident design basis.

TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the causes, consequences and methods of controlling septicity in sewers is presented, along with an explanation of the deviation of equations used to predict critical conditions and rising mains.

TL;DR: Paddle wheel mixed algal growth ponds are not only a cost effective choice for wastewater oxidation but also are most efficient in fixing solar energy and in reclaiming water, nutrients, and energy from organic wastes as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: Proteins and humic substances can be extracted from biofilm EPS in considerable amounts and should be investigated more in detail when analysing the properties of the EPS matrix of a biofilm.

TL;DR: A greenhouse experiment was conducted at the Tennessee Valley Authority, Alabama, USA, in the summer of 1993 to investigate ammonium and nitrate removal processes in constructed wetlands as discussed by the authors, where two separate experiments were conducted.

TL;DR: The physiology and biochemistry of odorous compounds that are permanently in the cells or excreted into the environment are here described, as are the odorous compound that are generated only after disintegration of the cells and are produced by the initiation of lipoxygenase and carotene oxygenase reactions.