Journal ArticleDOI
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin kills immature thymocytes by Ca2+-mediated endonuclease activation.
TLDR
The results indicate that TCDD can kill immature thymocytes by initiating a suicide process similar to that previously described for glucocorticoid hormones.Abstract:
Suspensions of thymocytes from young rats were incubated with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), which resulted in a sustained increase in cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration followed by DNA fragmentation and loss of cell viability. Both the Ca2+ increase and DNA fragmentation were prevented in cells treated with the inhibitor of protein synthesis, cycloheximide, and DNA fragmentation and cell killing were not detected when cells were incubated in a "Ca2+-free" medium or pretreated with high concentrations of the calcium probe, quin-2 tetraacetoxymethyl ester. These results indicate that TCDD can kill immature thymocytes by initiating a suicide process similar to that previously described for glucocorticoid hormones.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Apoptosis. Its significance in cancer and cancer Therapy
TL;DR: C‐myc expression has been shown to be involved in the initiation of apoptosis in some situations, and bcl‐2 has emerged as a new type of proto‐oncogene that inhibits apoptosis, rather than stimulating mitosis.
Book ChapterDOI
Apoptosis: Mechanisms and Roles in Pathology
Mark J. Arends,Andrew H. Wyllie +1 more
TL;DR: This chapter discusses the mechanisms and roles of apoptosis in pathology, and the arrival of neutrophil polymorphs permits digestion and phagocytosis of the constituents of the necrotic cells, but brings with it the risk of further tissue damage.
Journal ArticleDOI
Induction of bcl-2 expression by Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein 1 protects infected B cells from programmed cell death.
Sheila Henderson,Martin Rowe,Christopher D. Gregory,Debbie Croom-Carter,Fred Wang,Richard Longnecker,Elliott Kieff,Alan B. Rickinson +7 more
TL;DR: By DNA transfection into human B cells, it is shown that protection from apoptosis is conferred through expression of a single EBV latent protein, the latent membrane protein LMP 1, and it is demonstrated that L MP 1 mediates this effect by up-regulating expression of the cellular oncogene bcl-2.
Journal ArticleDOI
Apoptosis: the biochemistry and molecular biology of programmed cell death.
TL;DR: This review first briefly covers some historical perspective on the discovery of apoptotic cell death, the characteristic morphology that accompanies this process, and the numerous cell types and mediators with which programmed cell death is associated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Immune system impairment and hepatic fibrosis in mice lacking the dioxin-binding Ah receptor
Pedro M. Fernández-Salguero,Thierry Pineau,David M. Hilbert,Timothy McPhail,Susanna S.T. Lee,Shioko Kimura,Daniel W. Nebert,Stuart Rudikoff,Jerrold M. Ward,Frank J. Gonzalez +9 more
TL;DR: The aryl hydrocarbon (Ah) receptor (AHR) mediates many carcinogenic and teratogenic effects of environmentally toxic chemicals such as dioxin and plays an important role in the development of the liver and the immune system.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A study of the conditions and mechanism of the diphenylamine reaction for the colorimetric estimation of deoxyribonucleic acid
TL;DR: The present study arose from the observation that a more intense colour was sometimes produced if, instead of being heated at 1000 for 10 min., the reaction mixture was allowed to stand overnight at room temperature.
Book ChapterDOI
Cell death : the significance of apoptosis
TL;DR: It has proved feasible to categorize most if not all dying cells into one or the other of two discrete and distinctive patterns of morphological change, which have, generally, been found to occur under disparate but individually characteristic circumstances.
Journal ArticleDOI
Glucocorticoid-induced thymocyte apoptosis is associated with endogenous endonuclease activation
TL;DR: It is shown here that this morphological change is closely associated with excision of nucleosome chains from nuclear chromatin, apparently through activation of an intracellular, but non-lysosomal, endonuclease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chromatin cleavage in apoptosis: association with condensed chromatin morphology and dependence on macromolecular synthesis.
TL;DR: The data confirm that the condensed chromatin which characterizes apoptosis morphologically consists of endogenously digested chromatin fragments, and provide support for the view that at least some cells enter apoptosis by a process dependent upon macromolecular synthesis.
Journal Article
Glucocorticoid activation of a calcium-dependent endonuclease in thymocyte nuclei leads to cell death.
J. John Cohen,Richard C. Duke +1 more
TL;DR: It appears that glucocorticoids cause thymocyte death by activating an enzyme that rapidly and extensively degrades DNA, and it is suggested that it may be part of a system for transporting calcium into the nucleus.
Related Papers (5)
Glucocorticoid-induced thymocyte apoptosis is associated with endogenous endonuclease activation
Glucocorticoid activation of a calcium-dependent endonuclease in thymocyte nuclei leads to cell death.
J. John Cohen,Richard C. Duke +1 more