A novel approach for human silhouette extraction from video data
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a method for efficient extraction of human silhouette from video sequences using background elimination, edge detection, region filling and noise removal using morphological operations to estimate the silhouette of an image.
Abstract: In this paper we propose a method for efficient extraction of human silhouette from video sequences. The proposed approach includes background elimination, edge detection, region filling and noise removal using morphological operations to estimate the silhouette of an image. To the best of our knowledge our proposed approach for silhouette extraction involving background elimination and edge detection is first of its kind. We have applied our proposed technique on Weizmann (standard) dataset and compared the results with the most recent related research work. The comparison results in terms of statistical measures like precision, recall and F-measure clearly show the supremacy of our method and thus justify its novelty.
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TL;DR: W/sup 4/ employs a combination of shape analysis and tracking to locate people and their parts and to create models of people's appearance so that they can be tracked through interactions such as occlusions.
Abstract: W/sup 4/ is a real time visual surveillance system for detecting and tracking multiple people and monitoring their activities in an outdoor environment. It operates on monocular gray-scale video imagery, or on video imagery from an infrared camera. W/sup 4/ employs a combination of shape analysis and tracking to locate people and their parts (head, hands, feet, torso) and to create models of people's appearance so that they can be tracked through interactions such as occlusions. It can determine whether a foreground region contains multiple people and can segment the region into its constituent people and track them. W/sup 4/ can also determine whether people are carrying objects, and can segment objects from their silhouettes, and construct appearance models for them so they can be identified in subsequent frames. W/sup 4/ can recognize events between people and objects, such as depositing an object, exchanging bags, or removing an object. It runs at 25 Hz for 320/spl times/240 resolution images on a 400 MHz dual-Pentium II PC.
2,870 citations
17 Oct 2005
TL;DR: The method is fast, does not require video alignment and is applicable in many scenarios where the background is known, and the robustness of the method is demonstrated to partial occlusions, non-rigid deformations, significant changes in scale and viewpoint, high irregularities in the performance of an action and low quality video.
Abstract: Human action in video sequences can be seen as silhouettes of a moving torso and protruding limbs undergoing articulated motion. We regard human actions as three-dimensional shapes induced by the silhouettes in the space-time volume. We adopt a recent approach by Gorelick et al. (2004) for analyzing 2D shapes and generalize it to deal with volumetric space-time action shapes. Our method utilizes properties of the solution to the Poisson equation to extract space-time features such as local space-time saliency, action dynamics, shape structure and orientation. We show that these features are useful for action recognition, detection and clustering. The method is fast, does not require video alignment and is applicable in (but not limited to) many scenarios where the background is known. Moreover, we demonstrate the robustness of our method to partial occlusions, non-rigid deformations, significant changes in scale and viewpoint, high irregularities in the performance of an action and low quality video
2,186 citations
TL;DR: A simple but efficient gait recognition algorithm using spatial-temporal silhouette analysis is proposed that implicitly captures the structural and transitional characteristics of gait.
Abstract: Human identification at a distance has recently gained growing interest from computer vision researchers. Gait recognition aims essentially to address this problem by identifying people based on the way they walk. In this paper, a simple but efficient gait recognition algorithm using spatial-temporal silhouette analysis is proposed. For each image sequence, a background subtraction algorithm and a simple correspondence procedure are first used to segment and track the moving silhouettes of a walking figure. Then, eigenspace transformation based on principal component analysis (PCA) is applied to time-varying distance signals derived from a sequence of silhouette images to reduce the dimensionality of the input feature space. Supervised pattern classification techniques are finally performed in the lower-dimensional eigenspace for recognition. This method implicitly captures the structural and transitional characteristics of gait. Extensive experimental results on outdoor image sequences demonstrate that the proposed algorithm has an encouraging recognition performance with relatively low computational cost.
1,183 citations
Proceedings Article•
01 Jan 1999
934 citations
20 May 2002
TL;DR: This baseline recognition method provides a lower bound against which to evaluate more complicated procedures and is evaluated on four databases with varying viewing angles, background conditions, walking styles and pixels on target.
Abstract: Our goal is to establish a simple baseline method for human identification based on body shape and gait. This baseline recognition method provides a lower bound against which to evaluate more complicated procedures. We present a viewpoint-dependent technique based on template matching of body silhouettes. Cyclic gait analysis is performed to extract key frames from a test sequence. These frames are compared to training frames using normalized correlation, and subject classification is performed by nearest-neighbor matching among correlation scores. The approach implicitly captures biometric shape cues such as body height, width, and body-part proportions, as well as gait cues such as stride length and amount of arm swing. We evaluate the method on four databases with varying viewing angles, background conditions (indoors and outdoors), walking styles and pixels on target.
534 citations