Age differences in the prevalence and co-morbidity of DSM-IV major depressive episodes: results from the WHO World Mental Health Survey Initiative
Ronald C. Kessler,Howard G. Birnbaum,Victoria Shahly,Evelyn J. Bromet,Irving Hwang,Katie A. McLaughlin,Nancy A. Sampson,Laura Helena Andrade,Giovanni de Girolamo,Koen Demyttenaere,Josep Maria Haro,Aimee N. Karam,Stanislav Kostyuchenko,Viviane Kovess,Carmen Lara,Daphna Levinson,Herbert Matschinger,Yoshibumi Nakane,Mark Anthony Oakley Browne,Johan Ormel,Jose Posada-Villa,Rajesh Sagar,Dan J. Stein +22 more
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TLDR
The weakening associations between MDE and physical conditions with increasing age argue against the suggestion that the low estimated prevalence of MDE among the elderly is due to increased confounding with physical disorders.Abstract:
Background: Although depression appears to decrease in late life, this could be due to misattribution of depressive symptoms to physical disorders that increase in late life. Methods: We investigated this issue by studyin ga ge differences in co-morbidity of DSM-IV major depressive episodes (MDE) with chronic physical conditions in the WHO World Mental Health (WMH) surveys, a series of community epidemiological surveys of respondents in 10 developed countries (n 552,485) and 8 developing countries (n 537,265). MDE and other mental disorders were assessed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). Organic exclusion rules were not used to avoid inappropriate exclusion of cases with physical co-morbidity. Physical conditions were assessed with a standard chronic conditions checklist. Results: Twelve-month DSM-IV/CIDI MDE was significantly less prevalent among respondents ages 651 than younger respondents in developed but not developingread more
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The projected effect of risk factor reduction on Alzheimer's disease prevalence
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The global prevalence of common mental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis 1980–2013
Zachary Steel,Claire Marnane,Changiz Iranpour,Tien Chey,John W. Jackson,Vikram Patel,Derrick Silove +6 more
TL;DR: Despite a substantial degree of inter-survey heterogeneity in the meta-analysis, the findings confirm that common mental disorders are highly prevalent globally, affecting people across all regions of the world.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cross-national epidemiology of DSM-IV major depressive episode
Evelyn J. Bromet,Laura Helena Andrade,Irving Hwang,Nancy A. Sampson,Jordi Alonso,Giovanni de Girolamo,Ron de Graaf,Koen Demyttenaere,Chiyi Hu,Noboru Iwata,A. N. Karam,Jagdish Kaur,Stanislav Kostyuchenko,Jean-Pierre Lépine,Daphna Levinson,Herbert Matschinger,Maria Elena Medina Mora,Mark Anthony Oakley Browne,Jose Posada-Villa,Maria Carmen Viana,David R. Williams,Ronald C. Kessler +21 more
TL;DR: Data is presented on the prevalence, impairment and demographic correlates of depression from 18 high and low- to middle-income countries in the World Mental Health Survey Initiative to investigate the combination of demographic risk factors that are most strongly associated with MDE in the specific countries included in the WMH.
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Chronic non-communicable diseases in Brazil: burden and current challenges.
Maria Inês Schmidt,Bruce Bartholow Duncan,Gulnar Azevedo e Silva,Ana Maria Menezes,Carlos Augusto Monteiro,Sandhi Maria Barreto,Dóra Chor,Paulo Rossi Menezes +7 more
TL;DR: Brazil has implemented major policies for the prevention of NCDs, and its age-adjusted NCD mortality is falling by 1·8% per year, however, the unfavourable trends for most major risk factors pose an enormous challenge and call for additional and timely action and policies.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The World Mental Health (WMH) Survey Initiative Version of the World Health Organization (WHO) Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI).
TL;DR: An overview of the World Mental Health Survey Initiative version of the WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) is presented and a discussion of the methodological research on which the development of the instrument was based is discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Physiology and Neurobiology of Stress and Adaptation: Central Role of the Brain
TL;DR: As an adjunct to pharmaceutical therapy, social and behavioral interventions such as regular physical activity and social support reduce the chronic stress burden and benefit brain and body health and resilience.
Journal ArticleDOI
The 16-Item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS), clinician rating (QIDS-C), and self-report (QIDS-SR): a psychometric evaluation in patients with chronic major depression.
A. John Rush,Madhukar H. Trivedi,Hicham M. Ibrahim,Thomas J. Carmody,Bruce A. Arnow,Daniel N. Klein,John C. Markowitz,Philip T. Ninan,Susan G. Kornstein,Rachel Manber,Michael E. Thase,James H. Kocsis,Martin B. Keller +12 more
TL;DR: The QIDS-SR(16) has highly acceptable psychometric properties, which supports the usefulness of this brief rating of depressive symptom severity in both clinical and research settings.
Book
Introduction To Variance Estimation
TL;DR: The method of random groups and the Bootstrap method have been used for estimating variance in complex surveys as discussed by the authors, as well as the Jackknife method and Taylor series methods for generalized variance functions.