Journal ArticleDOI
An Analysis of Transformations
George E. P. Box,David Cox +1 more
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In this article, Lindley et al. make the less restrictive assumption that such a normal, homoscedastic, linear model is appropriate after some suitable transformation has been applied to the y's.Abstract:
[Read at a RESEARCH METHODS MEETING of the SOCIETY, April 8th, 1964, Professor D. V. LINDLEY in the Chair] SUMMARY In the analysis of data it is often assumed that observations Yl, Y2, *-, Yn are independently normally distributed with constant variance and with expectations specified by a model linear in a set of parameters 0. In this paper we make the less restrictive assumption that such a normal, homoscedastic, linear model is appropriate after some suitable transformation has been applied to the y's. Inferences about the transformation and about the parameters of the linear model are made by computing the likelihood function and the relevant posterior distribution. The contributions of normality, homoscedasticity and additivity to the transformation are separated. The relation of the present methods to earlier procedures for finding transformations is discussed. The methods are illustrated with examples.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Determinants of Venture Capital Portfolio Size: Empirical Evidence
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore factors that affect portfolio size among a sample of venture capital financing data from 214 Canadian venture capital funds and assess the statistical and economic significance of these variables, and test for the presence of increasing versus decreasing returns to scale in the factors affecting the number of investee entrepreneurial firms in a venture capital portfolio.
Journal ArticleDOI
Identification of Genotypic Changes in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Protease That Correlate with Reduced Susceptibility to the Protease Inhibitor Lopinavir among Viral Isolates from Protease Inhibitor-Experienced Patients
Dale J. Kempf,Jeffrey D. Isaacson,Martin S. King,Scott C. Brun,Yi Xu,Kathryn Real,Barry Bernstein,Anthony J. Japour,Eugene Sun,Richard A. Rode +9 more
TL;DR: The association of genotypic changes in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease with reduced in vitro susceptibility to the new protease inhibitor lopinavir (previously ABT-378) was explored using a panel of viral isolates from subjects failing therapy with other protease inhibitors.
Book ChapterDOI
Chapter 18 Metamodel-Based Simulation Optimization
TL;DR: Two approaches of Iterative optimization methods for simulation optimization, based on a metamodel or model of the simulation model, and an example, are discussed in this chapter and illustrated with an example.
Journal ArticleDOI
Quality control methods in accelerometer data processing: defining minimum wear time.
TL;DR: A minimum wear criterion using population-based accelerometer data is proposed, and the influence of gender and the purposeful inclusion of children with weekend data on reliability are explored, to provide reliable estimates of physical activity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Intake of Added Sugars and Selected Nutrients in the United States, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003—2006
TL;DR: Higher added sugars intakes were associated with higher proportions of individuals with nutrient intakes below the EAR, but the overall high calorie and the low quality of the U.S. diet remained the predominant issue.
References
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Book
Theory of probability
Harold Jeffreys,R. Bruce Lindsay +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors introduce the concept of direct probabilities, approximate methods and simplifications, and significant importance tests for various complications, including one new parameter, and various complications for frequency definitions and direct methods.
Journal ArticleDOI
Theory of Probability.
Ernest Nagel,Harold Jeffreys +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors introduce the concept of direct probabilities, approximate methods and simplifications, and significant importance tests for various complications, including one new parameter, and various complications for frequency definitions and direct methods.
Book ChapterDOI
Properties of Sufficiency and Statistical Tests
TL;DR: In this article, the structure of small sample tests, whether these are related to problems of estimation and fiducial distributions, or are of the nature of tests of goodness of fit, is considered further.
Journal ArticleDOI
The use of transformations.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors summarize the transformations which have been used on raw statistical data, with particular reference to analysis of variance, and the usual purpose of the transformation is to change the scale of the measurements in order to make the analysis more valid.
Journal ArticleDOI
One Degree of Freedom for Non-Additivity
TL;DR: The present writer is usually much more concerned with and worried about non-additivity, and until recently has suffered from the lack of a systematic way to seek it out, and then to measure it.