Journal ArticleDOI
The use of transformations.
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In this paper, the authors summarize the transformations which have been used on raw statistical data, with particular reference to analysis of variance, and the usual purpose of the transformation is to change the scale of the measurements in order to make the analysis more valid.Abstract:
1. Theoretical Discussion. The purpose of this note is to summarize the transformations which have been used on raw statistical data, with particular reference to analysis of variance. For any such analysis the usual purpose of the transformation is to change the scale of the measurements in order to make the analysis more valid. Thus the conditions required for assessing accuracy in the ordinary unweighted analysis of variance include the important one of a constant residual or error variance, and if the variance tends to change with the mean level of the measurements, the variance will only be stabilized by a suitable change of scale. If the form of the change of variance with mean level is known, this determines the type of transformation to use. Suppose we writeread more
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Journal ArticleDOI
An Analysis of Transformations
George E. P. Box,David Cox +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, Lindley et al. make the less restrictive assumption that such a normal, homoscedastic, linear model is appropriate after some suitable transformation has been applied to the y's.
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Negative Binomial Regression
TL;DR: In this article, the authors introduce the concept of risk in count response models and assess the performance of count models, including Poisson regression, negative binomial regression, and truncated count models.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of Different Brain Lesions on Card Sorting: The Role of the Frontal Lobes
TL;DR: Sorting tasks, requiring the subject to respond selectively, first to one aspect of a situation and then to another, have traditionally been regarded as sensitive indicators of brain injury, but there has been little agreement concerning the effects of lesions in different areas of the brain on sorting behavior.
Journal ArticleDOI
Consequences of Failure to Meet Assumptions Underlying the Fixed Effects Analyses of Variance and Covariance
TL;DR: The effects of violation of the assumptions underlying the fixed-effects analyses of variance (ANOVA) and covariance (ANCOVA) on Type-I and Type-II error rates have been of great concern to researchers and statisticians.
References
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Book
Statistical Methods for Research Workers
TL;DR: The prime object of as discussed by the authors is to put into the hands of research workers, and especially of biologists, the means of applying statistical tests accurately to numerical data accumulated in their own laboratories or available in the literature.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Use of Ranks to Avoid the Assumption of Normality Implicit in the Analysis of Variance
TL;DR: The use of ranks to avoid the assumption of normality implicit in the analysis of variance has been studied in this article, where the use of rank to avoid normality is discussed.
Book
Statistical Tables for Biological, Agricultural and Medical Research
R. A. Fisher,Frank Yates +1 more
TL;DR: Sir Ronald A. Fisher and Frank Yates: Statistical Tables for Biological, Agricultural and Medical Research.
Journal ArticleDOI
The calculation of the dosage-mortality curve
TL;DR: It is shown that when dosage is inferred from the observed mortality on the assumption that susceptibility is distributed normally, such inferred dosages, in terms of units called probits, give straight lines when plotted against the logarithm of their corresponding observed dosages.
Journal ArticleDOI
Application of the Logistic Function to Bio-Assay
TL;DR: It is shown here how the Logistic Function can be applied to Bio-Assay to provide real-time information on the response of a drug to an experimental substance.