Journal ArticleDOI
An iterative design methodology for user-friendly natural language office information applications
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A six-step, iterative, empirical human factors design methodology was used to develop CAL, a natural language computer application to help computer-naive business professionals manage their personal calenders and its dictionaries.Abstract:
A six-step, iterative, empirical human factors design methodology was used to develop CAL, a natural language computer application to help computer-naive business professionals manage their personal calenders. Input language is processed by a simple, nonparsing algorithm with limited storage requirements and a quick response time. CAL allows unconstrained English inputs from users with no training (except for a five minute introduction to the keyboard and display) and no manual (except for a two-page overview of the system). In a controlled test of performance, CAL correctly responded to between 86 percent and 97 percent of the storage and retrieval requests it received, according to various criteria. This level of performance could never have been achieved with such a simple processing model were it not for the empirical approach used in the development of the program and its dictionaries. The tools of the engineering psychologist are clearly invaluable in the development of user-friendly software, if that software is to accommodate the unruly language of computer-naive, first-time users. The key is elicit the cooperation of such users as partners in an iterative, empirical development process. 15 references.read more
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Proceedings ArticleDOI
A Network-based End-to-End Trainable Task-oriented Dialogue System
Tsung-Hsien Wen,David Vandyke,Nikola Mrkšić,Milica Gasic,Lina Maria Rojas-Barahona,Pei-Hao Su,Stefan Ultes,Steve Young +7 more
TL;DR: The authors introduced a neural network-based text-in, text-out end-to-end trainable goal-oriented dialogue system along with a new way of collecting dialogue data based on a novel pipe-lined Wizard-of-Oz framework.
Posted Content
MultiWOZ - A Large-Scale Multi-Domain Wizard-of-Oz Dataset for Task-Oriented Dialogue Modelling
Paweł Budzianowski,Tsung-Hsien Wen,Bo-Hsiang Tseng,Iñigo Casanueva,Stefan Ultes,Osman Ramadan,Milica Gasic +6 more
TL;DR: The Multi-Domain Wizard-of-Oz dataset (MultiWOZ) as discussed by the authors is a fully-labeled collection of human-human written conversations spanning over multiple domains and topics.
Journal ArticleDOI
Wizard of Oz studies in HRI: a systematic review and new reporting guidelines
TL;DR: This work systematically reviews how researchers conducted Wizard of Oz experiments published in the primary HRI publication venues from 2001 -- 2011 and proposes new reporting guidelines to aid future research.
Journal ArticleDOI
Simulating speech systems
Norman Fraser,Nigel Gilbert +1 more
TL;DR: The “Wizard of Oz” technique for simulating future interactive technology and a partial taxonomy of such simulations is reviewed and a general Wizard of Oz methodology is suggested.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
MultiWOZ - A Large-Scale Multi-Domain Wizard-of-Oz Dataset for Task-Oriented Dialogue Modelling
Paweł Budzianowski,Tsung-Hsien Wen,Bo-Hsiang Tseng,Iñigo Casanueva,Stefan Ultes,Osman Ramadan,Milica Gasic +6 more
TL;DR: The Multi-Domain Wizard-of-Oz dataset (MultiWOZ), a fully-labeled collection of human-human written conversations spanning over multiple domains and topics is introduced, at a size of 10k dialogues, at least one order of magnitude larger than all previous annotated task-oriented corpora.
References
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Book
Understanding Natural Language
TL;DR: A computer system for understanding English that contains a parser, a recognition grammar of English, programs for semantic analysis, and a general problem solving system based on the belief that in modeling language understanding, it must deal in an integrated way with all of the aspects of language—syntax, semantics, and inference.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Designing for usability—key principles and what designers think
John D. Gould,Clayton Lewis +1 more
TL;DR: Gould and Lewis as mentioned in this paper present theoretical considerations and empirical data relevant to attaining these goals, and present survey results that demonstrate that their principles are not really all that obvious, but just seem obvious once presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Composing letters with a simulated listening typewriter
TL;DR: Experiments suggest that some versions of a listening typewriter, even upon first using them, could be at least as good as traditional methods of handwriting and dictating.
Journal Article
Learning to use word processors: problems and prospects
TL;DR: In this paper several of the most typical and debilitating problems new users had understanding and following directions in using training manuals, as well as problems understanding and using interface functions to accomplish word processing tasks, are taxonomized and analyzed.