Journal ArticleDOI
Analysis of Fundamental Human Movement Patterns Through the Use of In-Depth Antagonistic Muscle Models
Jack M. Winters,Lawrence Stark +1 more
TLDR
A nonlinear eighth-order agonist-antagonist muscle model is identified, based on engineering analysis and design criteria, as the desired structure for the broad-range study of a variety of fundamental human joint movements as mentioned in this paper.Abstract:
A nonlinear eighth-order agonist-antagonist muscle model is identified, based on engineering analysis and design criteria, as the desired structure for the broad-range study of a variety of fundamental human joint movements. To complement this structure, systematic protocols, that combine material and geometrical information for each muscle, are developed to obtain the model parameter values needed for the various muscle constitutive equations. The parameters describing the four basic nonlinear relations are easy to visualize, representing the peak curve values and "shape" parameters. Elbow, knee, wrist, and ankle fiexion-extension and eye, wrist, and head rotation are simulated by this same model structure.read more
Citations
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Cycling by means of functional electrical stimulation
Margit Gföhler,P. Lugner +1 more
TL;DR: An optimized stimulation pattern of leg muscles that would allow paraplegic subjects to perform the movement of pedaling and thereby to drive a tricycle by means of functional electrical stimulation (FES).
Journal ArticleDOI
A finite element infant eye model to investigate retinal forces in shaken baby syndrome.
TL;DR: The results suggest that shaking alone may be enough to cause retinal hemorrhaging, as there are more sustained and higher forces in the posterior retina, compared to an impact due to a fall.
Journal ArticleDOI
Using leg muscles as shock absorbers: theoretical predictions and experimental results of drop landing performance.
TL;DR: The use of muscles as power dissipators is investigated in this study, both from the modellistic and the experimental points of view, and the effect of anatomical constraints are discussed in the paper.
Identification of Spinal Reflexes
TL;DR: The results indicate that the reflexive system is highly adaptable and under certain circumstances works as an optimum controller and a trade-off between two contrary properties: the magnitude of the visco-elasticity and the dynamic stability of the joint.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Lower Limb-Pelvis Finite Element Model with 3D Active Muscles
TL;DR: A lower limb-pelvis finite element (FE) model with active three-dimensional muscles was developed in this study for biomechanical analysis of human body to support expensive and complex physical tests or corresponding device design.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The heat of shortening and the dynamic constants of muscle
TL;DR: In this article, a more accurate and rapid technique for muscle heat measurement was proposed, and some astonishingly simple and accurate relations have been found, which determine the effect of load on speed of shortening, allow the form of the isometric contraction to be predicted, and are the basis of the so-called "visco-elasticity" of skeletal muscle.
Journal ArticleDOI
Data on the distribution of fibre types in thirty-six human muscles: An autopsy study
TL;DR: In this paper, the mean fibre type proportions of each muscle were examined and the spatial distribution of the fibre types was examined in order to determine whether this was random or not, and the number of closed fibers observed in the actual samples was compared statistically with the number expected to occur in a hexagonal lattice model, assuming a random distribution.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dynamic properties of mammalian skeletal muscles.
TL;DR: The author examines the relationship between ATPase activity of myosin and intrinsic speed of shortening, and the effects of nerve cross-union on properties of myOSin.
Journal ArticleDOI
A physiologically based criterion of muscle force prediction in locomotion
TL;DR: The inversely-nonlinear relationship of muscle contraction force and the possible contraction duration is utilized in a method to mathematically predict individual muscle forces and shows substantial agreement with that activity pattern predicted when endurance is used as the optimization criterion.
Journal ArticleDOI
Elasticity of soft tissues in simple elongation
TL;DR: A theoretical framework is presented in which the elastic properties of soft tissues can be described and it is shown that the mathematical formulation works well also in reducing published data on the series element of the heart and striated muscles, and the skin.
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