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Analysis of the Vibration of the Input Bevel Pinion in RAN (Royal Australian Navy) Wessex Helicopter Main Rotor Gearbox WAK143 Prior to Failure.

P D McFadden
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TLDR
In this article, it has been shown that conventional spectral analysis of the vibration is unable to give adequate indication of the presence of the fatigue crack but that an alternative technique of vibration analysis called signal averaging can give warning of the crack 42 hours before failure.
Abstract
: Following the crash of an RAN Wessex helicopter caused by the catastrophic fatigue failure of the input spiral bevel pinion in the main rotor gearbox, routine recordings of the gearbox vibration have been analyzed by ARL. It has been shown that conventional spectral analysis of the vibration is unable to give adequate indication of the presence of the fatigue crack but that an alternative technique of vibration analysis called signal averaging can give warning of the crack 42 hours before failure. Enhancement of the signal average using a computer enables detection of the crack as early as 103 hours before failure.

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