Anatomical localization, gene expression profiling and functional characterization of adult human neck brown fat
Aaron M. Cypess,Andrew P. White,Cecile Vernochet,Tim J. Schulz,Ruidan Xue,Christina A. Sass,Tian Liang Huang,Carla Roberts-Toler,Lauren S Weiner,Cathy Sze,Aron T. Chacko,Laura N. Deschamps,Lindsay M Herder,Nathan Truchan,Allison L Glasgow,Ashley R. Holman,Alina Gavrila,Per-Olof Hasselgren,Marcelo A. Mori,Michael Molla,Yu-Hua Tseng +20 more
TLDR
This study isolated anatomically defined neck fat from adult human volunteers and compared its gene expression, differentiation capacity and basal oxygen consumption to different mouse adipose depots, suggesting that activation of human BAT could be used as a safe treatment for obesity and metabolic dysregulation.Abstract:
The imbalance between energy intake and expenditure is the underlying cause of the current obesity and diabetes pandemics. Central to these pathologies is the fat depot: white adipose tissue (WAT) stores excess calories, and brown adipose tissue (BAT) consumes fuel for thermogenesis using tissue-specific uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1). BAT was once thought to have a functional role in rodents and human infants only, but it has been recently shown that in response to mild cold exposure, adult human BAT consumes more glucose per gram than any other tissue. In addition to this nonshivering thermogenesis, human BAT may also combat weight gain by becoming more active in the setting of increased whole-body energy intake. This phenomenon of BAT-mediated diet-induced thermogenesis has been observed in rodents and suggests that activation of human BAT could be used as a safe treatment for obesity and metabolic dysregulation. In this study, we isolated anatomically defined neck fat from adult human volunteers and compared its gene expression, differentiation capacity and basal oxygen consumption to different mouse adipose depots. Although the properties of human neck fat vary substantially between individuals, some human samples share many similarities with classical, also called constitutive, rodent BAT.read more
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Brown and beige fat: development, function and therapeutic potential
Matthew J. Harms,Patrick Seale +1 more
TL;DR: Many genes and pathways that regulate brown and beige adipocyte biology have now been identified, providing a variety of promising therapeutic targets for metabolic disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
What We Talk About When We Talk About Fat
TL;DR: New perspective is gained on the roles played by adipocyte in a variety of homeostatic processes and on the mechanisms used by adipocytes to communicate with other tissues and how these relationships are altered during metabolic disease and how they might be manipulated to restore metabolic health.
Journal ArticleDOI
Adipose tissue browning and metabolic health
Alexander Bartelt,Joerg Heeren +1 more
TL;DR: Stimulating the development of beige adipocytes in WAT (so called 'browning') might reduce adverse effects of WAT and could help to improve metabolic health, as well as inspire new avenues to increase the capacity for adaptive thermogenesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Activation of Human Brown Adipose Tissue by a β3-Adrenergic Receptor Agonist
Aaron M. Cypess,Lauren S Weiner,Carla Roberts-Toler,Elisa F. Elia,Skyler H. Kessler,Peter A. Kahn,Jeffrey English,Kelly Chatman,Sunia A. Trauger,Alessandro Doria,Gerald M. Kolodny +10 more
TL;DR: A β3-AR agonist can stimulate human BAT thermogenesis and may be a promising treatment for metabolic disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ablation of PRDM16 and Beige Adipose Causes Metabolic Dysfunction and a Subcutaneous to Visceral Fat Switch
Paul Cohen,Julia D. Levy,Yingying Zhang,Andrea Frontini,Dmitriy Kolodin,Katrin J. Svensson,James C. Lo,James C. Lo,Xing Zeng,Li Ye,Melin J. Khandekar,Jun Wu,Subhadra C. Gunawardana,Alexander S. Banks,Joao Paulo Camporez,Michael J. Jurczak,Shingo Kajimura,David W. Piston,Diane Mathis,Saverio Cinti,Gerald I. Shulman,Patrick Seale,Bruce M. Spiegelman +22 more
TL;DR: It is shown that adipocyte-specific deletion of the coregulatory protein PRDM16 caused minimal effects on classical brown fat but markedly inhibited beige adipocyte function in subcutaneous fat following cold exposure or β3-agonist treatment, indicating that PRDM 16 and beige fat cells are required for the "browning" of white fat and the healthful effects of sub cutaneous adipose tissue.
References
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Barbara Cannon,Jan Nedergaard +1 more
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Beige Adipocytes Are a Distinct Type of Thermogenic Fat Cell in Mouse and Human
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