Augmented Kalman filter with a reduced mechanical model to estimate tower loads on a land-based wind turbine: a step towards digital-twin simulations
Emmanuel Branlard,Dylan Giardina,Cameron S. D. Brown +2 more
- Vol. 5, Iss: 3, pp 1155-1167
TLDR
An application of the Kalman filtering technique to estimate loads on a wind turbine using a mechanical model and a set of measurements to estimate signals that are not available in the measurements, such as wind speed, thrust, tower position, and tower loads is presented.Abstract:
. This article presents an application of the Kalman filtering technique to estimate loads on a wind turbine. The approach combines a mechanical model and a set of measurements to estimate signals that are not available in the measurements, such as wind speed, thrust, tower position, and tower loads. The model is severalfold faster than real time and is intended to be run online, for instance, to evaluate real-time fatigue life consumption of a field turbine using a digital twin, perform condition monitoring, or assess loads for dedicated control strategies. The mechanical model is built using a Rayleigh–Ritz approach and a set of joint coordinates. We present a general method and illustrate it using a 2-degrees-of-freedom (DOF) model of a wind turbine and using rotor speed, generator torque, pitch, and tower-top acceleration as measurement signals. The different components of the model are tested individually. The overall method is evaluated by computing the errors in estimated tower-bottom-equivalent moment from a set of simulations. From this preliminary study, it appears that the tower-bottom-equivalent moment is obtained with about 10 % accuracy. The limitation of the model and the required steps forward are discussed.read more
Citations
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References
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Definition of a 5-MW Reference Wind Turbine for Offshore System Development
TL;DR: In this article, a three-bladed, upwind, variable speed, variable blade-pitch-to-feather-controlled multimegawatt wind turbine model developed by NREL to support concept studies aimed at assessing offshore wind technology is described.
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Book
Kalman Filtering: Theory and Practice Using MATLAB
TL;DR: Kalman Filtering: Theory and Practice Using MATLAB, Fourth Edition is an ideal textbook in advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate courses in stochastic processes and Kalman filtering and appropriate for self-instruction or review by practicing engineers and scientists who want to learn more about this important topic.
Book
Fundamentals of Kalman Filtering: A Practical Approach
Paul Zarchan,Howard Musoff +1 more
TL;DR: This text is a practical guide to building Kalman filters and shows how the filtering equations can be applied to real-life problems and spends a great deal of time setting up a problem before the Kalman filter is actually formulated to give the reader an intuitive feel for the problem being addressed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Individual Blade Pitch Control for Load Reduction
TL;DR: The possibility of using pitch-regulated wind turbines as a way of reducing loads has been suggested many times over the years, but the idea has yet to gain full commercial acceptance as discussed by the authors.