Journal ArticleDOI
Climate change and the past, present, and future of biotic interactions
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TLDR
This work highlights episodes of climate change that have disrupted ecosystems and trophic interactions over time scales ranging from years to millennia by changing species’ relative abundances and geographic ranges, causing extinctions, and creating transient and novel communities dominated by generalist species and interactions.Abstract:
Biotic interactions drive key ecological and evolutionary processes and mediate ecosystem responses to climate change. The direction, frequency, and intensity of biotic interactions can in turn be altered by climate change. Understanding the complex interplay between climate and biotic interactions is thus essential for fully anticipating how ecosystems will respond to the fast rates of current warming, which are unprecedented since the end of the last glacial period. We highlight episodes of climate change that have disrupted ecosystems and trophic interactions over time scales ranging from years to millennia by changing species’ relative abundances and geographic ranges, causing extinctions, and creating transient and novel communities dominated by generalist species and interactions. These patterns emerge repeatedly across disparate temporal and spatial scales, suggesting the possibility of similar underlying processes. Based on these findings, we identify knowledge gaps and fruitful areas for research that will further our understanding of the effects of climate change on ecosystems.read more
Citations
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疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]/Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
TL;DR: PfPMP1)与感染红细胞、树突状组胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用,在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作�ly.
Journal ArticleDOI
Behavioral responses to changing environments
Bob B. M. Wong,Ulrika Candolin +1 more
TL;DR: This review considers the pivotal role that behavior plays in determining the fate of species under human-induced environmental change and discusses the importance of behavioral plasticity and whether adaptive plastic responses are sufficient in keeping pace with changing conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Changes in Ecologically Critical Terrestrial Climate Conditions
TL;DR: The likelihood of continued changes in terrestrial climate is reviewed, including analyses of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project global climate model ensemble, to create potential 21st-century global warming comparable in magnitude to that of the largest global changes in the past 65 million years but is orders of magnitude more rapid.
Journal ArticleDOI
Novel competitors shape species/' responses to climate change
TL;DR: Alpine plants were transplanted to warmer climates to simulate a migration failure, their performance was strongly reduced by novel competitors that could migrate upwards from lower elevation; these effects generally exceeded the impact of warming on competition with current competitors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cold truths: how winter drives responses of terrestrial organisms to climate change.
TL;DR: This work synthesises organismal responses to winter climate change, and uses this synthesis to build a framework to predict exposure and sensitivity to negative impacts, which can be used to estimate the vulnerability of species to winterClimate change.
References
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疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]/Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
TL;DR: PfPMP1)与感染红细胞、树突状组胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用,在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作�ly.
Journal ArticleDOI
Has the Earth’s sixth mass extinction already arrived?
Anthony D. Barnosky,Nicholas J. Matzke,Susumu Tomiya,Susumu Tomiya,Guinevere O. U. Wogan,Guinevere O. U. Wogan,Brian Swartz,Tiago B. Quental,Tiago B. Quental,Charles R. Marshall,Jenny L. McGuire,Emily L. Lindsey,Kaitlin C. Maguire,Ben Mersey,Elizabeth A Ferrer +14 more
TL;DR: Differences between fossil and modern data and the addition of recently available palaeontological information influence understanding of the current extinction crisis, and results confirm that current extinction rates are higher than would be expected from the fossil record.
Journal ArticleDOI
An early Cenozoic perspective on greenhouse warming and carbon-cycle dynamics
TL;DR: Past episodes of greenhouse warming provide insight into the coupling of climate and the carbon cycle and thus may help to predict the consequences of unabated carbon emissions in the future.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biotic homogenization: a few winners replacing many losers in the next mass extinction
TL;DR: Emerging evidence shows that most species are declining and are being replaced by a much smaller number of expanding species that thrive in human-altered environments, leading to a more homogenized biosphere with lower diversity at regional and global scales.
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