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Comment on: American Diabetes Association. Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2011. Diabetes Care 2011;34(Suppl. 1):S11–S61

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TLDR
The new standards set by the American Diabetes Association in 2011 recommend universal screening at 24–28 weeks of gestation and an oral glucose tolerance test with a diagnostic fasting plasma glucose of ≥92 mg/dL (4.5 mmol/L) (much lower than the World Health Organization criteria).
Abstract
How to screen and treat gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has always been controversial for clinicians and decision makers. The problem is complex, and the evidence is limited. The new standards set by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) in 2011 (1) recommend 1 ) universal screening at 24–28 weeks of gestation (2010 ADA standards recommended selective screening based on risk factors) and 2 ) an oral glucose tolerance test with a diagnostic fasting plasma glucose of ≥92 mg/dL (4.5 mmol/L) (much lower than the World Health Organization [WHO] criteria of ≥126 mg/dL [7.0 mmol/L] commonly used in clinical practice in Europe). Furthermore, diabetes is diagnosed when only one abnormal value is detected (whereas in the 2010 standards two …

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Citations
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Effect of Glycemic Regulation on Endocan Levels in Patients With Diabetes A Preliminary Study

TL;DR: It is suggested that serum endocan concentrations are elevated in patients with type 2 diabetes and decrease following anti-hyperglycemic treatment and decrease might be associated with improved glycemic control and reductions in UACR.
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The impact of interventions on appointment and clinical outcomes for individuals with diabetes: a systematic review

TL;DR: It is shown that simple phone and letter reminders for scheduling or prompting of the date and time of an appointment to more complex web-based multidisciplinary programs with patient self-management can have a positive impact on clinical and behavioral outcomes for diabetes patients.
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Musculoskeletal pain in people with and without type 2 diabetes in Taiwan: a population-based, retrospective cohort study

TL;DR: People with type 2 diabetes aged 18–50 years had a higher 10-year cumulative incidence of and a higher mean number of doctor visits for musculoskeletal pain than the non-diabetic group.
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Risk factors for ESRD in individuals with preserved estimated GFR with and without albuminuria: results from the Kidney Early Evaluation Program (KEEP).

TL;DR: It was shown that diabetes, higher systolic blood pressure, lower eGFR, and black race were risk factors for developing treated chronic kidney failure irrespective of albuminuria status, although the absolute risk of kidney failure in participants without albuminia was very low.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared a lifestyle intervention with metformin to prevent or delay the development of Type 2 diabetes in nondiabetic individuals. And they found that the lifestyle intervention was significantly more effective than the medication.
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International association of diabetes and pregnancy study groups recommendations on the diagnosis and classification of hyperglycemia in pregnancy.

TL;DR: The Brazilian study provided evidence that adverse perinatal outcomes are associated with levels of maternal glycemia below those diagnostic of GDM by American Diabetes Association or World Health Organization criteria, however, the results were potentially confounded by the treatment of G DM.
Journal ArticleDOI

Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2011

Vittorio Basevi
- 06 Feb 2011 - 
TL;DR: I. Screening and management of chronic complications in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes i.e., screenings for type 2 diabetes and risk of future diabetes in adults, and strategy for improving diabetes care in the hospital, are outlined.
Journal ArticleDOI

Effect of treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus on pregnancy outcomes

TL;DR: Treatment of gestational diabetes reduces serious perinatal morbidity and may also improve the woman's health-related quality of life.
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