Open AccessJournal Article
Complex trauma and mental health in children and adolescents placed in foster care: findings from the National Child Traumatic Stress Network.
Johanna K.P. Greeson,Ernestine C. Briggs,Cassandra Kisiel,Christopher M. Layne,George S. Ake,Susan J. Ko,Ellen T. Gerrity,Alan M. Steinberg,Michael L. Howard,Robert S. Pynoos,John A. Fairbank +10 more
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TLDR
Compared to youth with other types of trauma, those with complex trauma histories had significantly higher rates of internalizing problems, posttraumatic stress, and clinical diagnoses, and differed on some demographic variables.Abstract:
Many children in the child welfare system (CWS) have histories of recurrent interpersonal trauma perpetrated by caregivers early in life often referred to as complex trauma. Children in the CWS also experience a diverse range of reactions across multiple areas of functioning that are associated with such exposure. Nevertheless, few CWSs routinely screen for trauma exposure and associated symptoms beyond an initial assessment of the precipitating event. This study examines trauma histories, including complex trauma exposure (physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, neglect, domestic violence), posttraumatic stress, and behavioral and emotional problems of 2,251 youth (age 0 to 21; M = 9.5, SD = 4.3) in foster care who were referred to a National Child Traumatic Stress Network site for treatment. High prevalence rates of complex trauma exposure were observed: 70.4% of the sample reported at least two of the traumas that constitute complex trauma; 11.7% of the sample reported all 5 types. Compared to youth with other types of trauma, those with complex trauma histories had significantly higher rates of internalizing problems, posttraumatic stress, and clinical diagnoses, and differed on some demographic variables. Implications for child welfare practice and future research are discussed.read more
Citations
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Complex Trauma in Children and Adolescents
TL;DR: Wamser et al. as mentioned in this paper found that children exposed to a complex trauma event had significantly higher levels of trauma-related and generalized difficulties as compared to those exposed to other, less severe traumatic events.
Journal ArticleDOI
Constellations of Interpersonal Trauma and Symptoms in Child Welfare: Implications for a Developmental Trauma Framework
Cassandra Kisiel,Tracy Fehrenbach,Elizabeth Torgersen,Brad Stolbach,Gary M. McClelland,Gene Griffin,Kristine Burkman +6 more
TL;DR: For example, this paper found that children who were exposed to both interpersonal violence and attachment-based traumas within the caregiving system had significantly higher levels of affective/physiological, attentional/behavioral, and self/relational dysregulation in addition to posttraumatic stress symptoms compared to youth with either type of trauma alone or in relation to other trauma experiences.
Journal ArticleDOI
Foster care placement instability: A meta-analytic review.
Carolien Konijn,Sabine Admiraal,Josefiene Baart,Floor B. van Rooij,Geert Jan J. M. Stams,Cristina Colonnesi,Ramón J. L. Lindauer,Mark Assink +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors performed a multilevel meta-analysis to examine factors that can affect instability of foster care placement and found that the effects were generally modest, but showed generalizability across continents and time.
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Addressing the "Myth" of Racial Trauma: Developmental and Ecological Considerations for Youth of Color.
TL;DR: The Developmental and Ecological Model of Youth Racial Trauma (DEMYth-RT), a conceptual model of how racial stressors manifest to influence the trauma symptomatology of children and adolescents of color, is proposed.
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Polyvictimization: latent profiles and mental health outcomes in a clinical sample of adolescents
Zachary W. Adams,Angela D. Moreland,Joseph R. Cohen,Robert C. Lee,Rochelle F. Hanson,Carla Kmett Danielson,Shannon Self-Brown,Ernestine C. Briggs +7 more
TL;DR: Exposure to multiple traumatic events (polyvictimization) is a reliable predictor of deleterious health outcomes and risk behaviors in adolescence and is not a unidimensional phenomenon but a diverse set of trauma exposure experiences with unique correlates among youth.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Complex Trauma in Children and Adolescents
Alexandra Cook,Joseph Spinazzola,Julian D. Ford,Cheryl Lanktree,Margaret E. Blaustein,Marylene Cloitre,Ruth DeRosa,Rebecca Hubbard,Richard Kagan,Joan Liautaud,Karen Mallah,Erna Olafson,Bessel A. van der Kolk +12 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors highlight seven primary domains of impairment observed in children exposed to complex trauma and identify phenomenologically based domains based on the extant child clinical and research literatures.
Journal ArticleDOI
Whatever Does Not Kill Us: Cumulative Lifetime Adversity, Vulnerability, and Resilience
TL;DR: U-shaped quadratic relationships indicated that a history of some but nonzero lifetime adversity predicted relatively lower global distress, lower self-rated functional impairment, fewer posttraumatic stress symptoms, and higher life satisfaction over time.
Journal ArticleDOI
Creating trauma-informed systems: Child welfare, education, first responders, health care, juvenile justice.
Susan J. Ko,Julian D. Ford,Nancy Kassam-Adams,Steven J. Berkowitz,Charles Wilson,Marleen Wong,Melissa J. Brymer,Christopher M. Layne +7 more
TL;DR: Service providers need to incorporate a trauma-inform into their services to assist children and adolescents who are exposed to traumatic events.
Complex Trauma in Children and Adolescents
TL;DR: Wamser et al. as mentioned in this paper found that children exposed to a complex trauma event had significantly higher levels of trauma-related and generalized difficulties as compared to those exposed to other, less severe traumatic events.